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PubMed1997

Capgras' syndrome in a patient with vascular dementia: a case report.

Capgras' syndrome is characterized by a subjective certainty that a familiar person has been replaced by an identical double. This syndrome has been observed in psychiatric and neurological diseases, and has been reported in several cases of dementia of the Alzheimer type. Here, we present a patient with vascular dementia in whom Capgras' syndrome developed in the early stages of dementia, and who exhibited violence. This case suggests that Capgras' syndrome can occur in vascular dementia. In older patients with this syndrome, dementia should also be considered in its differential diagnosis. In addition, patients with Capgras' syndrome should be evaluated for violent potential.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

Capgras syndrome: possibly more common among the Maori of New Zealand.

OBJECTIVE: The report describes an apparently greater incidence of Capgras syndrome among the Maori population compared with the European population, in the most easterly catchment area served by Tauranga Hospital in New Zealand's Bay of Plenty. METHOD: Over the last year we have become aware of five cases of Capgras syndrome in our catchment area. This area (population nearly 21,000) consists of a rapidly expanding new suburb of the city of Tauranga and a rural area extending 55 km east of the city. These figures were compared with those of the westerly catchment area served by Tauranga Hospital, where the psychiatric team is not aware of any examples of Capgras syndrome among their population. The 1996 census figures were obtained in order to calculate a population ethnicity breakdown. RESULTS: Five cases of Capgras syndrome were identified in the most easterly catchment area where 19% of the population identified as Maori, 75% as European and 6% as other or non-specified. All of the cases occurred in Maori patients. This compares with no identified cases of Capgras syndrome in the most westerly catchment area where 12% of the population identified as Maori, 87% as European and 1% as other or non-specified. Four out of five cases were female. Two cases had a history of cannabis use. Three cases had exhibited dangerous behaviour towards family members. CONCLUSIONS: There is an apparently greater incidence of Capgras syndrome among the New Zealand Maori population compared with the European population in the most easterly catchment area served by Tauranga Hospital. In our population Capgras syndrome is a common, not rare, feature of psychotic illness, and the cases support a previously reported association of this syndrome with dangerousness.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Capgras syndrome].

The authors report a case of Capgras' syndrome in a 16-years-old child, who had been hospitalized for psychotic disorder. A review of the literature is performed. Most authors state that Capgras' syndrome would represent a symptom of underlying medical o functional disorders, although the term syndrome is used. The main etiopathogenic hypothesis of this syndrome are put forward (psychodynamic, disconnection, neuropsychological and medical).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Capgras syndrome in siblings.

The hallmark of the Capgras Syndrome is delusional misidentification of persons, objects or animals. It can occur in organic syndromes and in functional disorders. Hence there are adherents of organic as well as dynamic factors in the genesis of this disorder. The authors report the occurrence of the Capgras Syndrome in a brother and sister and elaborate on the interplay of both genetic and dynamic factors in the etiology.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Review of 13 cases of Capgras syndrome.

The authors describe 13 psychotic patients who had Capgras syndrome. Only 4 patients had evidence of organicity. The authors conclude that Capgras syndrome occurs equally in functional psychosis and in the presence of organicity and recommend that the presence or absence of organicity be determined in every patient with Capgras syndrome.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Cotard's syndrome in a patient with coexistent Capgras' syndrome, syndrome of subjective doubles, and palinopsia.

The hallmark of Cotard's syndrome is the delusion of being dead. It is usually seen in affective disorders, and its existence as a separate entity is controversial. A patient is described who presented with paranoid schizophrenia, Cotard's syndrome, the misidentification syndromes of Capgras and subjective doubles, and palinopsia (visual perseveration). Focal theories for these conditions are briefly outlined and the patient is discussed with reference to them. It is proposed that this case supports the concept that Cotard's syndrome is a distinct disorder. The possibility of cerebral dysfunction in the confluence of the parietal, temporal, and occipital regions accounting for this specific clinical presentation is considered.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Capgras syndrome: two case reports.

Two cases of Capgras syndrome are reported. They constitute further evidence that Capgras syndrome is a delusion which could occur in any psychotic state, rather than a syndrome with specific organic pathology.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[The Capgras syndrome].

A new case of Capgras' syndrome is presented with a short review on the subject. Since there are many controversies about the etiology of this syndrome, and since some authors explain it with organic factors, others with psychodynamic factors, or a combination of the two, one should be careful with this syndrome to eliminate the presence of organic factors with a meticulous physical examination and appropriate neuropsychological tests. A thorough examination of early interpersonal relations is necessary to verify psychodynamic hypothesis, the most plausible being the splitting of internalized object representations.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Bilateral atrophy of the frontal and temporal lobes in schizophrenic patients with Capgras syndrome: a case-control study using computed tomography.

The computed tomographic scans of 12 patients with Capgras syndrome and 12 matched controls were blindly assessed. A variety of statistical comparisons between the two groups consistently showed that patients with Capgras syndrome had significantly more bilateral frontal and temporal lobe atrophy. Capgras syndrome may be associated with dysfunction of these areas. Interestingly, all of the index patients had paranoid schizophrenia, and these results suggest the hypothesis that in some schizophrenic patients the presence of Capgras syndrome may be a marker for the coexistence of a focal idiopathic neurodegenerative process that preferentially affects the anterior cerebrum bilaterally.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Capgras' syndrome: a synthesis of various viewpoints.

The authors review the literature on Capgras' Syndrome and note that there has been little attempt to integrate the various etiological theories into a cohesive synthesis which accounts for both the organic and the psychodynamic theories. It is proposed that Capgras' Syndrome represents a nonspecific symptom of regression to an early developmental stage characterized by archaic modes of thought, resulting from a relative activation of primitive brain centres. Thus, either psychological regression alone or organic disorders that compromise higher cerebral functioning may result in Capgras' Syndrome. Two cases are presented for discussion and elaboration of these concepts.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Capgras' syndrome and cerebral dysfunction.

Two cases of Capgras' syndrome in association with coarse brain disease are presented. The authors suggest that prosopagnosia (face nonrecognition) may be the primary expression of a specific cerebral dysfunction which forms the basis for a delusional elaboration resulting in Capgras' syndrome.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[Capgras syndrome: open perspectives for cognitive neuropsychology].

OBJECTIVE: To examine the way in which certain concepts regarding the physiopathology of Capgras' syndrome (1) have been tested neuropsychologically. METHODS: Data consist of approximately 30 studies selected for their relevance to the cerebral stages of face processing in patients with schizophrenia, patients with Capgras' syndrome and normal subjects. RESULTS: Study of this work shows: a) that with respect to patients, authors have focused on the stage of treatment corresponding to the facial recognition phase per se; b) but that it is also possible to study the phase corresponding to knowledge and beliefs relative to individuals and to evaluate the existence of the cleavage proposed by numerous psychodynamicians. CONCLUSIONS: Views from the field of neuropsychology, like those from the field of psychodynamics, can therefore be tested. By offering a means of developing testable predictions in experimental protocols, cognitive neuropsychology methods will, in short, make it possible to reject erroneous concepts and demonstrate accurate ones. Limited here to the example of Capgras' syndrome, we advocate that the same methods be applied to Capgras' syndrome as to each symptom of schizophrenia.

Capgras Syndrome↗
PubMed1999

Capgras syndrome: analysis of nine cases.

Three hundred and sixty-four patients, 158 males and 206 females, were admitted to an acute psychiatric ward between November 1994 and October 1995, and only 9 patients (2 males and 7 females) fulfilled the clinical criteria for Capgras syndrome. The crude prevalence of Capgras syndrome in the acute psychiatric ward was 2.5% (1.3% for men and 3.4% for women), which is not uncommon. Medical records and laboratory examinations, including brain images and electroencephalographic examinations (EEG), were reviewed in the nine patients with Capgras syndrome. Four cases were proven to have apparently abnormal anatomical lesions on EEG, brain computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging or single photon emission computed tomography (99mTc-HMPAO) examinations and five cases were associated with major physical illness. These findings support that organic factors could be important in the pathogenesis of Capgras syndrome.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

The Capgras syndrome: two case reports and a review.

The Capgras syndrome is reviewed and two case reports are described. While the Capgras syndrome is frequently considered to be a rather rare psychiatric syndrome is more common than previously thought. Original explanations of this syndrome usually involved dynamic interpretations, but recently there have been many reports to suggest an organic lesion as being the main contributing factor. The mechanism involved seems to be a generalized dysfunction of the non-dominant cerebral hemisphere. It is suggested that any patient presenting with this syndrome be thoroughly evaluated for an underlying organic lesion before dynamic interpretations are used to explain this syndrome. Brief mention is made of two other syndromes which also involve misidentification and are also considered to be organic in origin.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Capgras syndrome and dangerousness.

This article discusses Capgras syndrome and its association with harmful and potentially harmful behaviors. Phenomenological and psychodynamic analysis of a series of cases will highlight danger signals that may be present in Capgras patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Capgras syndrome with subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Capgras misidentification syndrome after subarachnoid hemorrhage and the surgical repair of a right middle cerebral artery aneurysm is described. This Capgras delusional belief in an imposter assuming the form of a familiar person may result from disruption of cortical-visual-limbic pathways in the right hemisphere.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Simultaneous Folie à Deux and Capgras syndrome.

A young male presented both Capgras syndrome and Folie à Deux. Both of his parents shared the same delusions with the patient. A dynamic explanation is provided for the simultaneous occurrence of both syndromes. The case report and the management of this patient may be of interest to clinicians.

Adult↗