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Results for “Brain Neoplasms”

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At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed2004

[Possibilities in the differential diagnosis of brain neoplasms using the long and short time sequences of proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy].

UNLABELLED: Currently to perform proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H MRS) with single voxel spectroscopy (SVS) technique long and/or short echo time sequences are used in order to provide complementary information. PURPOSE: The aim of the study was to compare the usefulness of STEAM (time echo, TE, 20 ms) and PRESS (TE 136 ms) sequences in the evaluation of brain neoplasms. MATERIALS AND METHOD: 15 healthy volunteers and 19 patients with brain tumors were examined using 1, 5 T MR scanner. MRI was performed with a standard protocol for brain neoplasms. 1H MRS with the SVS technique was performed after magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) using STEAM 20 and PRESS 136 sequences (voxel size 1 to 8 cc). RESULTS: In the STEAM sequence besides basic metabolites visible in PRESS as N-acetylaspartate, choline and creatine peaks of myoinositol and glutamate were visualized. Data obtained with short TE sequences in conjunction with long TE data were useful and in 5 cases necessary to identify the tumor type. These results were confirmed by pathology. CONCLUSIONS: The use of short TE sequences enables to visualize metabolites important for the diagnosis and differentiation of the tumor type. The combined information drawn out from both long and short TE spectra is also important.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Results of the treatment of children with brain neoplasms. II. Quality of life].

In a group of 57 children with brain neoplasms with a long follow-up the authors assessed the neurological and somatic condition of these patients, as well as their mental development and social adaptation. It is suggested that a child completing successfully prolonged treatment (which includes in cases of malignant neoplasms also radiotherapy and chemotherapy) has a considerable likelihood of leading a relatively normal life. In most of these children the neurological deficit was absent or slight, and they could attend normal schools. The most frequent and most dangerous sequelae were vision disturbances (in about 12% of cases) due mainly to the site of the neoplasm. Attention is called also to growth disturbances as a result of radiotherapy. Another observed unfavourable consequence of radiotherapy is deterioration of intellectual abilities of the children, which was, however, usually at the level of slight mental retardation.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed2001

Migration and invasion in brain neoplasms.

Local invasion of the brain by neoplastic glial cells is a major obstacle to effective treatment of intrinsic brain tumors. Invasion is directly related to histologic malignancy, but occurs to some extent irrespective of tumor grade. Because the brain-to-tumor interface is not well demarcated, total surgical removal is rarely possible; moreover, as invading cells transiently arrest from cell division they are refractory to radiotherapeutic intervention. Invading cells may also be protected from the action of cytotoxic drugs by the presence of an intact blood-brain barrier. The invading cells, having migrated several millimeters or even centimeters from the main focus of the tumor, return to cycle phase under the control of some as yet unknown microenvironmental cue to form a recurrent tumor adjacent to the original site of presentation. Recent cellular and genetic information concerning factors underlying invasion may not only yield suitable targets for adaptation of existing therapies, but may also lead to novel approaches in glioma management.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Several indices of immunity in the pre- and postoperative periods of patients with brain neoplasms].

Surgical trauma of the brain in neurooncological patients is accompanied by acute blood loss, results in a significant suppression of the resistance of the body, thus favouring the development of endogenous infection. The mobilization of the body resistance forces falls behind the growth of the number of pathogens. An active tactics is mandatory for the restoration of the suppressed immune systems by way of specific and nonspecific immunity stimulation.

Antitoxins↗
PubMed1987

The comprehensive management of brain neoplasms in children.

The author presents the theoretical basis and the complex treatment of brain neoplasms performed in 26 cases in the Paediatric Institute of the Medical Academy in Poznań (Poland) and compares the results with a control group of 13 children exclusively surgically treated. The cathamnestic analysis (till 4 years), using the Karnowsky Rating Scale for evaluation of the results, has shown the superiority of the complex treatment in children, hence the percentage of deaths is four times lower and the favourable clinical course two times more frequent in this group.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1970

[Brain neoplasms].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Brain Neoplasms↗
PubMed2000

Matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2) immunoreactive protein is associated with poor grade and survival in brain neoplasms.

UNLABELLED: Matrix metalloproteinases play an important role in the invasion of tumor cells and the progression of cancer. The 72 kDa type IV collagenase, a matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2) has been shown to contribute to the invasion and metastasis in diverse malignant neoplasms. OBJECT: To elaborate the potential role of MMP-2 in brain tumor invasion we studied the expression and localization of this enzyme protein in 101 brain tumors representing different types of brain neoplasms. For the first time, we also correlated the expression of MMP-2 protein to patient survival. METHODS: Using immunohistochemistry and a monoclonal antibody specific for MMP-2 we found that MMP-2 protein was primarily localized in tumor cells and vasculature cells as well as inflammatory cells. The expression of MMP-2 was absent or negligible in benign tumors (pilocytic astrocytoma and meningioma). Thirty-three percent (6/18) of astrocytomas, 38% (3/8) of anaplastic astrocytomas, 14% (1/7) of anaplastic oligodendrogliomas, 54% (19/35) of glioblastomas and 100% (6/6) of metastatic brain tumors were positive for MMP-2. A correlation between MMP-2 expression and survival was found in malignant brain tumors. The mean survival of patients with an MMP-2 negative tumor was 36 months, when it was only 7-14 months in patients with an MMP-2 positive tumor. CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest that MMP-2 is associated with histological malignancy and poor survival in brain tumors.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

New trends in the radiotherapy of brain neoplasms.

Improved local control and survival within an acceptable toxicity represents a difficult goal in the treatment of brain neoplasms. There are numerous staging problems and alternative therapies, therefore comparisons are difficult. Treatment planning optimization, especially with dedicated software in stereotactic radiotherapy and the use of sophisticated systems of dose delivery as multi-leaf collimator, micro-multi leaf collimator, intensity-modulated tomotherapy etc. suggests a broad range of therapeutic options with the predominant use of: a) computers; b) different strategies as high dose gradient and combination with chemotherapy; c) higher costs for specialist equipment and activity.

Brain Neoplasms↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Results of the treatment of children with brain neoplasms. I. Survival of children and cause of death].

In a group of 146 children aged from 8 months to 16 years treated for brain neoplasms the authors analysed the therapeutic results. Excluding the so called operative losses the survival over 4 years was obtained in one-fourth of patients with medulloblastoma, in over one-third of those with ependymoma, one-half of astrocytoma cases, and over one-third of children with other neoplasms. The authors estimate positively the therapeutic methods used (operation, radiotherapy and chemotherapy by Bloom's schedule) and see the possibility of increasing the survival rate by improvement in the diagnosis of brain tumours in children and by optimalization of treatment, especially in its early period, for reducing the number of operative losses.

Adolescent↗