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Results for “weight control”

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At least 343 records · Page 19Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

[Eating behavior, diabetes and weight control in girls with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (type 1)].

The object of the study was, first, to investigate whether girls suffering from insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) are more overweight than an age- and puberty-matched control group and, second, to study the impact of diet, calorie intake and pubertal stage on body mass index (BMI), body weight and fat content. We studied 43 girls with IDDM and controls, divided into two age groups: group 1 (n = 21; 10-13 years) and group 2 (n = 22; > 13 years, 13.1-20.7 years). Overweight was assessed by BMI, relative weight and body fat from skinfold thickness. Food consumption data were collected over a one week food and drink protocol. The diabetic girls, particularly those after puberty, were more overweight than the controls. Although the calorie intake was increased compared with their peers, the proportions of energy derived from protein, fat and carbohydrate were as recommended by the American and Swiss Diabetes Association. Most importantly, the recommended proportion of saturated fatty acids (< 10%) was not achieved by either the diabetic patients or the control girls. Insulin dose/unit body weight correlated with BMI and fat content. Therefore, the increased insulin dose may be responsible for the relatively increased energy intake and, in addition, increased intake of saturated fatty acid which has been related to poor metabolic control and obesity. The food intake of the control girls was identical to that reported in adults by the Swiss Government in 1991 in the Third Report on Food Consumption.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed2002

Effects of weight control and physical activity in cancer prevention: role of endogenous hormone metabolism.

Excess body weight and/or lack of physical activity are increasingly recognized as major risk factors for cancer of the colon, breast, endometrium, and prostate. This paper reviews the effects of excess body weight and physical inactivity on endogenous hormone metabolism (insulin, the IGF-I/IGFBP system, and sex steroids) and of endocrine alterations with risk of cancer of the endometrium, breast, prostate, and colon.

Body Weight↗
PubMed2000

Does 'getting physical' help weight control?

BACKGROUND: It may be time to embrace new attitudes in relation to health, weight loss and physical activity. While Australians spend around $1 million every day in attempts to lose weight, the number of people who are over their most healthy weight is increasing. OBJECTIVE: This article discusses practical ways to encourage patients to be more active by emphasising optimal health for each individual. DISCUSSION: Focusing on weight loss as the primary motivation to exercise, from a health and aesthetic perspective, may be the problem. Understanding the barriers to people exercising and focusing on the health benefits rather than the weight loss component is a useful way to get more people to exercise.

Exercise↗
PubMed1976

A weight control program for students using diet and behavior therapy.

A twelve-week weight-reducing program for students was conducted at the University of Kentucky. The program, which was developed and directed by graduate students in nutrition, utilized a combination of behavior therapy and diet therapy. Initiated in the spring of 1975, the program has been continued in the 1975-76 year. All students completing the program achieved weight reduction. Their weight losses averaged 2/3 lb. a week. The dropout rate for the program was 40 per cent. One-third of the participants completing the program reached their weight-reduction goals. These results suggest that further attempts should be made to improve weight-reducing suitable for college students.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

The critical role of exercise in weight control.

Exercise appears to play a critical role in the loss and maintenance of body weight. Diet alone has met with only temporary success because metabolic rate is decreased with extreme calorie restriction. This decrease persists after the dieting period has ended, often leading to rapid weight regain and the "yo-yo effect." In some instances, exercise alone has been effective for weight loss; however, success varies according to the gender of the subjects and to the type, intensity and duration of the exercise. Exercise programs of low to moderate intensity, long duration and high frequency seem to be most beneficial, with the most popular forms of exercise being walking/jogging, cycling and swimming. The purpose of this article is to explore the differences between diet and exercise, low vs. high intensity, short vs. long duration, and land vs. water exercise as these differences pertain to weight loss, food intake and energy balance.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1986

The potential of monensin for body weight control and ad libitum feeding of broiler breeders from day-old to sexual maturity.

A total of 180 male and 360 female day-old Indian River broiler breeder chicks were randomly allocated to 18 floor pens in an open-sided pullet brooding and growing house. The birds were subjected to six growing systems that were a combination of three levels of monensin (100, 300, and 400 ppm) and two levels of starter crude protein (CP) (14 and 18% CP) in a randomized complete block design. The basal diets were formulated to be isocaloric, containing 2920 kcal ME/kg. Birds fed 100 ppm of monensin were feed restricted and served as controls, while birds fed 300 or 400 ppm of the drug were fed ad libitum from day-old to sexual maturity. The parameters determined were biweekly individual body weights, feed consumption, internal organ weights, bone and serum mineral composition, and mortality to 21 weeks of age. In general, birds fed high levels of monensin plus ad libitum feeding from day-old were more variable in body weight compared to the feed-restricted controls. In the females, high levels of monensin in the diet were associated with significant reductions in body weight, even with ad libitum feeding, to 21 weeks of age. Male birds fed 300 ppm of the drug were significantly heavier than the feed-restricted controls but were still within the range recommended at this age. High levels of monensin in the diet were associated with a significant reduction in cumulative ad libitum feed consumption compared to the feed-restricted controls.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aging↗
PubMed2001

Recent insights into body weight control: from physiology to pathology.

Over the past several years, new modulators of feeding and body weight have been discovered, and our knowledge of the mechanisms and neurohumoral interactions between anorexigenic and orexigenic compounds has increased dramatically. This review aims to summarize the present knowledge of the role of leptin and several hypothalamic neuropeptides, such as neuropeptide Y (NPY), corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) and melanocortins, in the regulation of appetite and body weight. It also presents the progress made in the design of interactions between leptin and hypothalamic peptides in the regulation of feeding. The role of these compounds in the pathogenesis of obesity in animals and humans, and their potential usefulness in the treatment of this disorder, are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Strategies for weight control success in adults.

Recent evidence demonstrates that only about 5% of individuals embarking on a weight loss program show lasting weight reduction. While many weight loss strategies have demonstrated poor results, some combinations of approaches have been successful. Empirical evidence demonstrates that certain conceptual approaches can contribute to the development of strategies to facilitate weight loss. This manuscript addresses three conceptual approaches that direct intervention strategies. Cognitive-behavioral strategies are directed toward modification of eating behaviors, and the social-contextual approach is directed toward the social and partnership approach to intervention. Biophysical strategies that have demonstrated success in weight loss include the effect of dietary restriction and exercise on weight loss. Using this synthesis of empirical evidence for success in weight loss, practitioners can develop individually tailored intervention strategies for their clients.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Improving attendance in weight-control programs.

This field study evaluated the use of a food dairy as a screening device for admission to a behaviorally oriented weight-reduction program for its effectiveness in improving attendance. All study participants were required (1) to attend an orientation meeting where the program was described and questions were solicited and (2) to pay a $25, nonrefundable fee. During the orientation experimental-group attendees were told that a 2-week food dairy was a requirement for admission to the series. It was expected the experimental requirement would decrease the number of less motivated enrollees, thereby reducing early termination and improving attendance. Keeping the record was in itself expected to modify eating behavior. This would have the effect of adding 2 weeks to the program and, therefore, weight loss at the end of the program was expected to be greater. In general, the hypotheses were confirmed. A smaller proportion of those who had the food-dairy requirement enrolled. a significantly larger proportion of experimental-group women enrollees attended at least three-quarters of the sessions. The attendance records of control-group and experimental-group men were not significantly different. Mean weight loss at the end of the program was greater for those enrolled under the experimental condition. Achievement of a weight loss of at least 8 pounds was found to be positively related to attendance.

Adult↗