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At least 343 records · Page 19Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Evidence against the red blood cell origin of mitogenic factors in mouse malarial infection.

The mean [3H]thymidine incorporation in response to stimulation of spleen cells of malaria-immune and non-immune BALB/c mice by normal mouse red blood cell culture supernatants were compared with unstimulated cultures of the same spleen cells. No significant difference was obtained between stimulated and unstimulated cultures for both immune and non-immune spleen cells. These findings do not support the hypothesis that erythrocyte-derived mitogenic factors occur in malarial infection.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

Replication status as a possible marker for genomic instability in cells originating from genotypes with balanced rearrangements.

Most allelic pairs of DNA replicate synchronously during the S phase of the cell cycle. However, some genes frequently replicate asynchronously, i.e. genes on the X chromosome and imprinted genes. Earlier studies demonstrated an asynchronous pattern of replication in some precancerous and invasive squamous carcinoma of the cervix as well as in multiple myeloma. A high rate of asynchronous pattern was found in: (1) lymphocytes of individuals with solid tumors as well as in other malignancies; (2) amniocytes of genotypes with an extra chromosome 13, 18 and 21; (3) lymphocytes of young mothers of a Down syndrome pregnancy. The asynchronic pattern was not locus specific and was found in all loci analyzed. These findings suggested that the mechanism controlling the temporal order of replication could be altered in cells with a genetic predisposition to cancer or aneuploidy. In this study, we found a higher rate of asynchronous pattern in genotypes carrying inversions 2 and 9 and in balanced heritable translocations (p < 0.01) and an even higher rate in cases with a de-novo balanced translocation. The process of tumorigenesis may begin with a change in cell cycle regulation which includes the duplication, replication and segregation of genetic information. However, it remains unknown whether individuals with balanced chromosome rearrangements are at increased risk of developing cancer later in life.

Alleles↗
PubMed1985

Genetic influence on type 2 or Clara cell origin of pulmonary adenomas in urethan-treated mice.

Urethan-induced lung adenomas arising from alveolar type 2 cells and from bronchiolar Clara cells have distinct histologic patterns; and examination of all lung adenomas found in A/J, SWR/J, BALB/cByJ, 129/J, and RIIIS/J inbred mice, 14-16 weeks after a single urethan injection, demonstrated that both tumor types were present in all five strains. The relative numbers of each tumor type varied significantly among the different strains. No correlation was observed between the type of tumor formed and tumor multiplicity. Augmentation of tumor multiplicity by chronic butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) treatment following urethan injection did not change the proportion of the 2 tumors from that observed with urethan alone. This finding demonstrated that BHT stimulated the development of both tumor types equally. The tumors found 14 weeks after a single urethan injection into neonatal BALB mice were larger than those found 14 weeks after urethan injection into adult BALB mice, but the proportion of alveolar and papillary tumors was the same for both groups. Lymphocytic infiltration into tumors was mainly associated with Clara cell-derived tumors. The proportion of type 2 cell- and Clara cell-derived lung adenomas appeared to be controlled primarily by the genetic background.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1975

Sertoli cell origin of testicular androgen-binding protein (ABP).

In this report it is suggested that the specific adrogen-binding protein (ABP), previously shown to originate in the testis of rat and other species, is produced by the Sertoli cells. This suggestion is based upon the following experimental findings: 1) ABP was found in high concentrations in testicular efferent duct fluid but only in trace amounts in inter-tubular lymph. i) ABP could be recovered from crude preparations of testis tubules, but not from Leydig cells from the same testes. 3) Testes whose germinal epithelium had been severly damaged by gamma irradiation showed no decrease in ABP content. The transport of ABP to epididymis was also preserved as judged from the levels of ABP in caput epididymis. 4) Testes that were completely devoid of germ cells following prenatal gamma irradiation showed high levels of ABP, These high levels approached zero following hypophysectomy, but could be restored by FSH administration to the hypophysectomized animals. ABP has been well characterized and now provides a valuable experimental tool as an indicator of Sertoli cell function.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Treatment of primary cutaneous B-cell lymphomas of follicle center cell origin: a clinical follow-up study of 55 patients treated with radiotherapy or polychemotherapy.

PURPOSE: Primary cutaneous follicle center cell lymphomas (PCFCCL) are a distinct group of cutaneous B-cell lymphomas with a favorable prognosis after radiotherapy (RT) or polychemotherapy (PCT). In the literature, conflicting data exist regarding the efficacy and the relapse rate of both treatment modalities. In the present study, treatment results and follow-up data of a large group of PCFCCL are evaluated. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Fifty-five patients with a PCFCCL who presented with skin lesions on either the head (n = 12), the trunk (n = 35), or lower legs (n = 8), and who were initially treated with RT (40 cases) or PCT (15 cases) were studied. RESULTS: RT resulted in a complete remission in all 40 cases. Eight cases relapsed and three of these patients died as a result of their lymphoma. The estimated 5-year survival was 89%. Four of eight relapses and all three lymphoma-related deaths occurred in the group of patients presenting with tumor(s) on the lower legs. Treatment with cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin vincristine, and prednisone (CHOP) or cyclophosphomide, vincristine, and prednisone (COP) resulted in a complete remission in 14 of 15 cases. All four cases treated with COP relapsed, whereas only two of 11 patients treated with CHOP had a relapse. The estimated 5-year survival rate of the PCT group was 93%. CONCLUSION: Both RT and CHOP PCT are highly effective modes of treatment for PCFCCL. In localized PCFCCL, RT is the treatment of choice. In patients with multiple tumors involving anatomic nonrelated parts of the skin, CHOP rather than COP PCT is the preferred mode of treatment. PCFCCL on the lower legs, a subgroup that characteristically occur in elderly patients, have a higher relapse rate and a less favorable prognosis than PCFCCL presenting on the head or trunk.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cell origin in experimental repair of cricoid cartilage defects treated with recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2.

We determined the origin of new cartilage and new bone induced by recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) at the site of cricoid cartilage defects in rabbits randomly divided into eight groups. The cricoid cartilage was split vertically along the anterior midline and a strip was excised from the anterior part of the cricoid cartilage in all rabbits. The perichondrium from the anterior part of the cricoid cartilage was trimmed off in four groups; two groups treated with rhBMP-2 and two control groups. In four other groups, the anterior perichondrium was detached and used as a flap with two groups treated with rhBMP-2 and two groups serving as controls. The rabbits were killed 1 week or 4 weeks after surgery. The larynges were removed, fixed and sectioned, and the sections were stained for light microscopy using various cytochemical and immunological techniques. New cartilage was only present close to the host perichondrium adherent to cricoid cartilage in rabbits treated with rhBMP-2. New bone was present 4 weeks after surgery, although calcified matrix and alkaline phosphatase activity could be detected at the site of cricoid defects as early as 1 week after surgery. The cell proliferation marker Ki-67 was strongly expressed in granulation tissue and bone marrow, and it was moderately expressed in muscles adjacent to the cricoid cartilage in rhBMP-2-treated specimens. BMP receptors were strongly expressed in cartilage and moderately expressed in adjacent muscles. We conclude that new cartilage originates from the mesenchymal progenitor cells of host perichondrium adherent to cricoid cartilage in rabbits treated with rhBMP-2. New bone may originate from local muscle.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1978

Lymphoma cutis of apparent B cell origin.

A nodular, poorly differentiated lymphocytic lymphoma involving lymph nodes, spleen, and skin is reported in a 60-year-old man. The clinical course of this disorder strongly implied cutaneous involvement as the initial site of disease. Immunologic studies indicated that the neoplastic cells carried surface immunoglobulin (IgMgamma), thus suggesting a B lymphocyte origin for the lymphatic neoplasia.

B-Lymphocytes↗
PubMed1994

[Retinoblastoma: cell origin and differentiation].

50 retinoblastoma paraffin blocks were studied immunohistochemically (NSE, GFAP) and histochemically (colloidal-iron, RNA), and 13 cases by EM. The Rb cells demonstrated varying degrees of positive or negative reaction to NSE, most F-W and H-W rosettes being positive and the fleuretes weakly positive or negative. The GFAP positive cells were mainly found in the periphery of the tumor mass and around the blood vessels, and sparsely among the NSE positive cells. Fleuretes were clearly shown by RNA-Brachet staining. F-W rosettes and fleuretes showed similar ultrastructures as the photoreceptor of normal retina. The results confirmed that retinoblastoma originates from the retinoblast with potential of differentiation into photoreceptors and neurons. The glial components pertained to reactive gliosis, however, the rare possibility of forming a small portion of the tumor could not be ruled out.

Eye Neoplasms↗
PubMed1977

Lack of evidence for glial cells originating from the external granular layer in mouse cerebellum.

In 25 day mice cerebella, a quantitative electron microscopic analysis showed that glial cells were not seen among 749 cells counted in the molecular layer. Likewise, a light microscopic autoradiographic study showed that labelled oligodendroglia and/or astroglia in the cerebellum were not derived from the external granular layer (EGL). Previous claims, that these cells derived from the EGL, may have arisen because other cell types, i.e., endothelial cells, pericytes, microglia, and other ectopic granule cells may have been misidentified as oligodendroglia and/or astroglia. It seems likely that the EGL is a unique germinal cell layer in the mammalian nervous system because it gives rise only to neurons, whereas cerebellar astrocytes and oligodendrocytes are derived from the subventricular layer of the fourth ventricle, as first suggested by Cajal in 1911.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Cells originating from sarcoid granulomas in vitro.

In an attempt to obtain in vitro experimental models for sarcoidosis, the primary cultures of granuloma cells were initiated with lymph nodes from 10 sarcoidosis patients. The cells migrating from tissue explants became confluent at 2 wk of culture. These cells exhibited overall morphologic features and enzymatic activities resembling those of in vivo granuloma epithelioid cells. By light and electron microscopy, the epithelioid cell in vitro contained a clear, large nucleus with 1 or 2 prominent nucleoli. The cytoplasm was characterized by the occurrence of lysosomal dense bodies and electron-lucent vacuoles, besides many mitochondria and well-developed Golgi complexes. The cell surface exhibited many processes, mainly lamellipodia. Large amounts of angiotensin converting enzyme activity (3.9 to 50.1 nmol/min/ml) lysozyme activity (3.9 to 23.0 micrograms/ml) were demonstrated in the medium used for culture. The results indicated that the major cell population grown in these cultures is derived from the epithelioid cells in sarcoid granulomas.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Coculture of in vitro fertilized bovine embryos with oviductal epithelial cells originating from different stages of the estrous cycle.

Bovine embryos derived from in vitro fertilization procedures were cocultured in vitro with oviductal cells obtained from heifers between d 4 and 6 or d 14 and 16 of the estrous cycle. In addition, proteins secreted by oviductal cells isolated between d 4 and 6 or d 14 and 16 of the cycle were monitored. Embryos (2- to 4-cell) were incubated in Tissue Culture Medium-199 with 10% fetal bovine serum with or without oviductal cells at 39 degrees C for 10 d following in vitro insemination. There were more morulae, blastocysts, and hatched blastocysts following coculture with oviductal cells than with culture in medium alone. However, no differences were noted in embryo development following coculture with oviductal cells obtained between d 4 and 6 or d 14 and 16 of the estrous cycle. Also, no differences were detected in the amount of [35S]methionine-labeled proteins secreted by oviductal cells isolated from different days of the estrous cycle. These results indicate that oviductal epithelial cells isolated from early and late luteal phases of the estrous cycle will effectively support early embryonic development following prolonged in vitro culture.

Animals↗