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Results for “Vestibular Neuronitis”

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PubMed1981

[Vestibular neuronitis and its differential diagnosis (author's transl)].

The study gives a survey of the different terminologies, opinions regarding etiology, and differential diagnoses. In accordance with animal experiments, and our own experience with 71 patients, an activating therapy, including exercises, is recommended instead of bed-rest. Under special circumstances diagnosis may be difficult. For instance, a centrally reduced thermal reactivity of the healthy labyrinth may mimic a bilateral canal paresis. The vestibular type of Menière's disease, disseminated encephalomyelitis, herpes zoster oticus, or the complication of a chronic otitis media cannot always be differentiated from a unilateral vestibular paralysis.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Firing mechanisms in the single vestibular neurons in the cat.

Spontaneous unitary discharges in nucleus vestibularis lateralis (NVL) neurons were studied in locally anesthetized cats. The mean +/-S.E. firing rate of spontaneous unitary discharges of NVL neurons was 19.8 +/- 0.9 Hz. About 12% of NVL neurons showed a random firing. The spontaneous unitary discharge rate of the gamma distribution at lambda=2 was relativley low. However, the others were high. Patterns of peak interval time of the distribution with one peak and the interpeak interval time of those with two and three peaks were almost the same.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Herpetic vestibular neuronitis: a hypothesis].

Abundant experimental research has shown the potentially damaging effects that the herpes simplex virus (HSV) may have on peripheral or central nervous pathways. Fifty subjects (ages 20-45) with labial herpes virus (HSV-1) and 15 (ages 25-35) with genital herpes virus (HSV-2) were studied through recording spontaneous and optokinetic nystagmus (OKN) and using the eye-tracking-test (ETT) by means of electronystagmography (ENG). Recording was carried out during the first two days after vesicular eruption and seven days later, when cutaneous manifestations had disappeared. Thirty-five of the 50 subjects with HSV-1 showed spontaneous nystagmus, frequently with a vertical component, which in most cases had disappeared by the seventh control day. We recorded qualitative alterations of OKN as well as ETT in 19 patients while in 3 subjects only ETT was abnormal. All the subjects were normal on the seventh control day. At no time did any of the patients with HSV-2 show objective signs involving the peripheral or central vestibular system. Our research shows that HSV infection, especially HSV-1 infection, determines subclinical alterations of the vestibular function, probably due to the involvement of the brainstem. Therefore the virus is to be taken into account in establishing the etiology of "unknown" vertigo.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Neuronotrophic effect of developing otic vesicle on cochleo-vestibular neurons: evidence for nerve growth factor involvement.

In the developing inner ear, the existence of a neuronal death and of a peripheral target-derived trophic effect on cochleovestibular neurons has been documented. Using cultures of rat cochleovestibular neurons, we show that the E12 otic vesicle releases a factor promoting the survival and the neuritogenesis of these neurons, and that this effect is mimicked by NGF. The effect of the optic vesicle conditioned medium (OVCM) on cochleovestibular neurons is suppressed by anti-NGF antibodies. OVCM is neuronotrophic for NGF-sensitive sympathetic neurons, an effect that is also suppressed by anti-NGF antibodies, further demonstrating the presence of biologically active nerve growth factor.

Adrenergic Fibers↗