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Results for “Verbal Behavior”

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At least 343 records · Page 19Linked to original sources
PubMed2004

Attitudes and dating aggression: a cognitive dissonance approach.

This study examined the association between attitudes about dating aggression and select dating aggressive behaviors (verbal aggression and jealous behavior) in high school students. Our hypothesis, derived from cognitive dissonance theory, was that discrepancies between self-reported attitudes and aggressive behavior at Time 1 (i.e., putative cognitive dissonance) would predict decreases in aggression between Time 1 and Time 2 beyond what would be predicted by change in attitudes over the same period. Results indicated that cognitive dissonance (as indexed by the discrepancy between attitudes and behavior) was generally a significant predictor of behavior change, providing significant improvement in prediction of behavior over attitude change alone. We discuss the implications of these findings for prevention efforts and directions for future research in this area.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

Behavioral symptoms in residential care/assisted living facilities: prevalence, risk factors, and medication management.

OBJECTIVES: To examine the prevalence, correlates, and medication management of behavioral symptoms in elderly people living in residential care/assisted living (RC/AL) facilities. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SETTINGS: A stratified random sample of 193 RC/AL facilities in four states (Florida, Maryland, New Jersey, North Carolina). PARTICIPANTS: A total of 2,078 RC/AL residents aged 65 and older. MEASUREMENT: Behavioral symptoms were classified using a modified version of the Cohen-Mansfield Agitation Inventory. Additional items on resistance to care were also examined. RESULTS: Approximately one-third (34%) of RC/AL residents exhibited one or more behavioral symptoms at least once a week. Thirteen percent exhibited aggressive behavioral symptoms, 20% demonstrated physically nonaggressive behavioral symptoms, 22% expressed verbal behavioral symptoms, and 13% resisted taking medications or activities of daily living care. Behavioral symptoms were associated with the presence of depression, psychosis, dementia, cognitive impairment, and functional dependency, and these relationships persisted across subtypes of behavioral symptoms. Overall, behavioral symptoms were more prevalent in smaller facilities. More than 50% of RC/AL residents were taking a psychotropic medication, and two-thirds had some mental health problem indicator (dementia, depression, psychosis, or other psychiatric illness). CONCLUSION: Integrating mental health services within the process of care in RC/AL is needed to manage and accommodate the high prevalence of behavioral symptoms in this evolving long-term setting.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed2006

Agitation in Dutch institutionalized patients with dementia: factor analysis of the Dutch version of the Cohen-Mansfield Agitation Inventory.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: To establish the construct validity of the Dutch version of the Cohen-Mansfield Agitation Inventory (CMAI-D) in institutionalized patients with dementia. METHODS: The CMAI-D was administered to a large sample of 1,437 patients with moderate to severe dementia, receiving nursing home or outreaching nursing home care. Exploratory factor analysis was used to examine the behavioral dimensions underlying CMAI-D observations. RESULTS: A restricted 3-factor solution showed 3 factors, i.e. physical aggression, physically nonaggressive behavior and verbally agitated behavior, with prevalences of 62, 67 and 62%, respectively. An unrestricted factor solution revealed 3 additional behavioral dimensions: hiding/hoarding, vocal agitation and a factor of miscellaneous items (i.e. repetitious mannerisms, spitting), which occurred in 30, 28 and 35% of the patients, respectively. CONCLUSION: The 3-factor solution of physical aggression, physically nonaggressive behavior and verbally agitated behavior corroborates earlier findings in other patient samples and therefore establishes the construct validity in institutionalized patients with severe dementia. The robustness of these findings across different care settings suggests that agitated behaviors have a common basis. In addition, unrestricted factor analysis showed 3 other important independent behavioral symptoms in dementia, but they are in fact too small to be used as a subscale. These findings might add to the taxonomy of agitation and aggression in dementia.

Adult↗