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At least 343 records · Page 19Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Fractures of the talus.

A total of 35 patients treated in the years 1970 to 1977 for fractures of the talus were investigated for an analysis of the long-term clinical end results. Falling from height was the most common cause of injury (15 patients), the next most common being road traffic accidents (13 patients). The mean followup time was 8 years. At followup, 19 patients were free of any discomfort and none had pain at rest. The incidence of pain was correlated significantly (p less than 0.01) with the grade of dislocation both before and after reduction. In severely dislocated fractures open reduction and osteosynthesis with a compression screw are recommended.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Avascular necrosis of the body of the talus after combined medial and lateral release of congenital clubfoot.

A retrospective study was made of 203 patients with 321 congenital clubfoot deformities who had at least one operative procedure at the Shriner's Hospital in Greenville, South Carolina, in a period from 1944 to 1973. The five cases of avascular necrosis of the talus occurred among the 35 patients having combined medial and lateral releases. These five clubfeet were recurrent and recalcitrant and required extensive soft tissue release to achieve sustained correction. It is recommended that dissection of the subtalar joint, except at the talonavicular joint, be avoided and that extensive lateral ankle dissection, especially when the sinus tarsi is included, should not be performed simultaneously with the medial release unless absolutely necessary to achieve the desired anatomic relationship.

Arteries↗
PubMed1996

Fractures of the lateral process of the talus: a clinical review. "Snowboarder's ankle".

OBJECTIVE: This is a review article discussing the incidence, aetiology, investigation, and management of fractures of the lateral process of the talus, an uncommon but increasingly recognised complication of snowboarding. DATA SOURCES: The data regarding aetiology, investigation, and management of these fractures were obtained through a comprehensive literature review utilising the Medline, Sport discus, Medline Orthopaedic, and Cinahl databases. Injury data were obtained through published prospective epidemiological studies of snowboarding injuries. STUDY SELECTION: All studies of talar fractures, particularly of the lateral process, were included in the review. All prospective and retrospective studies of snowboarding injuries were reviewed. DATA SYNTHESIS: The mechanism of this injury appears to be a combination of dorsiflexion and inversion of the ankle. The combination of soft-shell snowboarding boots and aerial maneuvers increase the likelihood of injury. Clinically these injuries resemble severe ligamentous ankle sprains and are commonly misdiagnosed. The fractures can be classified into three subtypes based on the severity of the bony injury. The management of each injury subtype differs and although no prospective treatment trials have been performed the published risk of long term degenerative subtalar joint damage warrant aggressive early management of this injury. CONCLUSIONS: With the increasing popularity of snowboarding, the possibility of this injury should be considered in all ankle injuries related to this sport. Once diagnosed, management guidelines should be followed in order to minimise long term problems.

Ankle Injuries↗
PubMed1983

Congenital vertical talus.

A literature survey revealed 273 patients with congenital vertical talus. This condition does not seem to have any sex prevalence. One-half of the patients had bilateral involvement and one-half had additional defects. Treatment results seem better in those patients without any other abnormalities. Eleven additional cases are presented by the authors. Most patients were treated with the Coleman-Stelling procedure. The patients treated surgically fared better than those treated nonoperatively.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Surgical correction of congenital vertical talus under the age of 2 years.

Seven patients (10 feet) with true congenital vertical talus are described. The suggested pathomechanics of the condition correlated well with the rationale of surgical treatment. Correction of both forefoot and hindfoot deformities is necessary. Follow-up averaged 5.2 years. Cosmetic correction was excellent in seven of the 10 feet and good in the remaining three. These results indicate that there is no need for surgery to be performed in two stages and that it is not necessary for procedures to be as extensive as has been suggested in the literature.

Biomechanical Phenomena↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Osteochondrosis of the lateral trochlear ridge of the talus in seven Rottweiler dogs.

Eleven lesions of osteochondrosis in the lateral trochlear ridge of the talus were diagnosed in seven young Rottweiler dogs. Diagnosis was based on clinical and radiographic evaluations. Defects in the lateral trochlear ridge and osteochondral fragments arising from the dorsal and proximal margins of the ridge were visible radiographically. The dorsal 45 degrees lateral-plantaromedial oblique (D45 degrees L-P1MO) projection was the most useful in identifying the lesions. Exploratory arthrotomies were performed in six affected tarsi. In three cases, histologic examination revealed mineralized osteochondral fragments consistent with a diagnosis of osteochondrosis.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Stress fracture of the lateral process of the talus--a case report.

A diagnosis of stress fracture of the lateral process of the talus was made in a 52-year-old tennis player with chronic lateral ankle pain. This uncommon condition should be considered in the differential diagnosis of chronic lateral ankle pain in an athlete, as delay in appropriate treatment may lead to considerable morbidity.

Fractures, Stress↗
PubMed2003

Relation between the occurrence of bony union and outcome for fractures of the lateral process of the talus: a case report and analysis of published reports.

Fractures of the lateral process of the talus are uncommon, but the incidence has probably risen because of the increased popularity of snowboarding, an increased awareness of doctors, and the ready availability of computed tomography scanning. One case report and a review of the literature are provided. Aggressive management rarely resulted in non-union (7%) and was always associated with a good outcome (100%), even if the fracture fragments were excised initially. The relations between method of treatment, bony union, and outcome were significant (Fisher's exact test, p<0.01).

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Insufficiency fracture of the talus: diagnosis with MR imaging.

PURPOSE: To describe the clinical setting and pattern of talar insufficiency stress fractures as diagnosed with magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The authors retrospectively reviewed the clinical history and MR images from four patients with five talar insufficiency fractures. All patients were women (age range, 30-70 years). Images were evaluated for the location and orientation of fractures and the presence of concomitant osseous and soft-tissue injury. RESULTS: Concomitant fractures were identified in two patients. Only two fractures were typical in location and orientation at the talar neck. Three fractures were atypical in location and orientation. One occurred horizontally in the talar body and two occurred in the posteromedial talus (one was oriented vertically and one horizontally). Two patients had associated concomitant stress fractures--one in the distal tibia and one in the calcaneus. CONCLUSION: The location and orientation of talar insufficiency fractures is more variable than previously recognized. Specific diagnoses and coexisting fractures can be determined with MR imaging.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Study of squatting facet/extension of talus in both sexes.

Extensions of the trochlear surface and facets of the neck tali, i.e. the effects of squatting stress induced bone-remodelling, have been studied in samples from a North Indian population and examined for differences with those from other geographic sectors. Further, size and side of occurrence of the facets and extensions were analysed. Various squatting effects on the talus are found to be more common in this zone in general and in females in particular. The differences are appraised in the sociophysiologic context of life style in the studied population. The study reasonably emphasizes the need for elaboration of impact, that stress induced bone remodelling may have on physical and sports performance especially that of the females and possible preventive and corrective measures.

Anthropology, Cultural↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Osteochondral lesions of the talus in a sports medicine clinic. A new radiographic technique and surgical approach.

A retrospective review of 11 patients seen at the University of British Columbia Sports Medicine Clinic with osteochondral lesions of the talus was undertaken. From our data, a number of points became apparent. There was a predominance of posteromedial talar dome lesions. A flexion-inversion ankle injury could be documented in the majority of cases. There was frequently a long delay in diagnosing these ankle sprain mimics. Historical details which should raise one's index of suspicion include: (1) history of flexion-inversion injury; (2) exercise-related ankle pain; (3) sensations of "clicking and catching"; and (4) persistent swelling. Surgery produced consistently good early results in these active patients without osteotomizing the medial malleolus. Experimental analysis and clinical experience suggest that the optimal radiographic technique for identifying the posteromedial osteochondral lesion consists of an anteroposterior view of the ankle in maximum plantar flexion with the kilovoltage set at 70.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Osteoid osteoma of the neck of the talus.

The authors present three cases of osteoid osteoma of the neck of the talus presenting with pain and restriction of ankle movement affecting athletic performance in young adults. If this condition is suspected in a patient, a bone scan will confirm the diagnosis. The result of treatment is positive in terms of relief of pain and return to activities in our patients.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Fractures of the talus: experience of two level 1 trauma centers.

Fifty-eight patients with 60 talar fractures were retrospectively reviewed. There were 39 men and 19 women. The age average was 32 (range, 14-74). Eighty six percent of the patients had multiple injuries. The most common mechanism of injury was a motor vehicle accident. Twenty-seven (45%) of the fractures were neck, 22 (36.7%) process, and 11 (18.3%) body. Forty-eight fractures had operative treatment and 12 had non-operative management. The average follow-up period was 30 months (range, 24-65). Thirty-two fractures (53.3%) developed subtalar arthritis. Two patients had subsequent subtalar fusion. Fifteen fractures (25%) developed ankle arthritis. None of these patients required ankle fusion. Fractures of the body of the talus were associated with the highest incidence of degenerative joint disease of both the subtalar and ankle joints. Ten fractures (16.6%) developed avascular necrosis (AVN), only one of which had subsequent slight collapse. Avascular necrosis occurred mostly after Hawkins Type 3 and 2 fractures of the talar neck. Three rating scores were used in this series to assess the outcome: the American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) Ankle-Hindfoot Score, Maryland Foot Score, and Hawkins Evaluation Criteria. The outcome was different with every rating system. However, the outcome with AOFAS Ankle-Hindfoot Score and Hawkins Evaluation Criteria were almost equivalent. Assessment with the three rating scores showed that the process fractures had the best results followed by the neck and then the body fractures.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Mosaicplasty for the treatment of osteochondritis dissecans of the talus: two to seven year results in 36 patients.

An osteochondral defect (OCD) is known as a symptomatic lesion causing pain, recurrent synovitis, and altered joint mechanics most commonly in a weight-bearing joint. Loose bodies may develop, which may then cause joint destruction and/or locking. The damage to the articular surface is most likely a precursor of ankle osteoarthritis. With the recent advances in diagnostic imaging, such as MRI, as well as the development of ankle arthroscopy, the identification and classification of these lesions has become much more precise. This allows more accurate staging and improves treatment recommendations. The assessment of a particular treatment is also improved. A variety of treatment alternatives are now available. These include arthroscopic procedures including debridement, retrograde drilling, and bone grafting. Compared to open treatment, arthroscopic procedures may be particularly advantageous in the treatment of small defects and stable OCD lesions. Until recently, however, favorable results have been less predictable for large or unstable osteochondral defects. We treat these more difficult lesions with a mosaic autogenous osteochondral transplantation. In our hands, this appears to provide an optimal treatment result. The present report evaluates the clinical outcome of 36 patients followed for two to seven years after a mosaicplasty autogenous osteochondral transplantation from a non or less weight bearing portion of the knee to the ipsilateral talus. Ankle function was measured by the Hannover scoring system and showed good to excellent results in 34 cases (94%) with no long term donor site morbidity. The encouraging clinical results are supplemented with radiographs and histology, which support the premise of lasting relief of symptoms and prevention of ankle arthrosis.

Adolescent↗