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At least 343 records · Page 19Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

[New stereotactic treatment of spasmodic torticollis with a brain stimulation system (author's transl)].

The author reports here on a new method for treating spasmodic torticollis with the permanent implantation of a brain stimulation system (Medtronic) in the extrapyramidal-motor thalamic nuclei (V.o.a./V.o.i.) and the subthalamic zona incerta including the pyramidal tracts H1 and H2 (according to Forel). Thanks to stimulation which lasts 30--40 minutes and is determined and undertaken by the seven patients themselves, control over the position and the morbility of the head is attained while simultaneously suppressing the symptoms of spasmodic torticollis. This new stereotactic and functional method of neurosurgical treatment for functional disturbances of the motor systems is not destructive and entails neither operative complications nor side-effects.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Electromyography in patients with spastic torticollis].

The article describes the results of electromyographic examination of the muscles of the neck in 26 patients with spasmodic torticollis. Electromyography was performed before and after stereotaxic operative interventions on the nucleus of Cajal or in combination with the diencephalic structures. It is shown that electromyographic examination of patients, especially with the use of functional motor and oculomotor tests, widens essentially the possibilities of the diagnosis by facilitating the identification or specification of the predominantly involved group of muscles. The discovery of concurrent oculographic and electromyographic changes in the dominant muscles of the neck during oculomotor tests is evidence of the connection of the system of concurrent movements of the eyes and head with the motor systems participating in the pathology of torticollis. Analysis of the dynamics of electromyographic changes in patients with predominance of the tonic component in the early and late postoperative periods is indicative of gradual increase of positive changes in the motor sphere, which, evidently, is due to the dynamic reorganizations in the previously formed stable pathological system.

Action Potentials↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Identification of nuclei of the pretectal area during stereotaxic surgery for spastic torticollis].

The neurons of mesencephalic nuclear structures were studied by microelectrode techniques for functional identification of the interstitial nucleus of Cajal during 18 stereotaxic operations on patients with torticollis. It is shown that the use of microneuronography for functional identification of structures of the pretectal region and mesencephalic structures bordering it is promising. The functional cellular complexes of these structures which respond selectively to voluntary movements of the eyes and head, rapid voluntary movements of the eyes, fixation and maintenance of the gaze, and combined movements of the eyes and head are characterized for the first time. In comparison with intracerebral radiological guiding points, the registration of these data makes possible intraoperative active search for functional neuronographically identified zones linked with the pathological mechanisms of torticollis and the performance of selective destruction with minimum volume of damage.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Relationship between the spinal accessory nerve and the posterior root of the first cervical nerve in spasmodic torticollis and common autopsy cases.

Operative findings on the topographical relationship of the spinal root of the accessory nerve to the posterior root of the first cervical nerve in 30 patients suffering from severe spasmodic torticollis are compared with anatomical findings in 50 common autopsy cases. Anastomoses between the SRAN and DRC 1 were found much more frequently in torticollis-patients (87%:46%). These results support the hypothesis of a peripheral pathogenic factor in the etiology of ST.

Accessory Nerve↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Stereotaxic destruction of the interstitial nucleus of Cajal on spastic torticollis].

Intraoperative clinical effects and the results of destruction were demonstrated in 31 patients with various forms of torticollis spastica subjected to operation on the interstitial nucleus of Cajal. The intraoperative clinical complex of symptoms was formed of changes of the toxic and clonic activity of the neck muscles and transient oculomotor and vestibular signs. The favourable postoperative results are evidence of the direct relation of the nuclear structures in the region of the posterior commissure to the mechanisms regulating the posture of the head and neck. Their exclusion may be one of the components of surgical correction of motor abnormalities in patients with torticollis spastica. These operations are more effective in the tonic form of the disease and in prevalence of the rotatory component in the impaired posture of the head.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Stereotaxic method of treating extrapyramidal spastic torticollis].

A total of 196 stereotaxic operations were performed on different subcortical structures (ventrooral thalamic nuclei, subthalamic area, Cajal's nucleus) in 152 patients with various forms of extrapyramidal spasmodic torticollis. A classification of the various forms of torticollis is suggested and 4 degrees of severity of the disease are distinguished. Study of the late results showed stable and marked improvement or practical recovery in more than 50 per cent of patients. Bilateral stereotaxic operations produce a good stable effect twice as often as unilateral operations (68% of patients). The choice of the side on which the first operation will be performed should be based on the suggested classification of the forms of the disease with due account for the predominant affection of different groups of muscles on one or both sides.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Beneficial effect of sodium valproate and baclofen in spasmodic torticollis. A case report.

A 47-year-old man of Irish descent was severely disabled by idiopathic spasmodic torticollis. Sodium valproate (Epilim) and baclofen (Lioresal) in combination provided marked relief maintained for over 6 months. No adverse or toxic effects were recorded during treatment. This is believed to be the first report in the literature on the efficacy of this drug combination in the treatment of idiopathic spasmodic torticollis.

Baclofen↗
PubMed1984

[Changes in the cervical spine in congenital spastic torticollis].

The authors have examined 19 children with congenital spastic torticollis. Roentgenography of the cervical part of the spine was made in all the patients before operative treatment and at different terms after surgery. The results of the examination suggest that torticollis is responsible for the abnormal function and development of the cervical part of the spine in children. It has been established that in cases with ineffective conservative treatment the early surgical correction must be recommended followed by continuous fixation of the patients' head in the right posture and permanent dispensary control.

Cervical Vertebrae↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Surgical release of congenital torticollis in adults.

Longstanding untreated congenital torticollis in adults is uncommon and surgical release in such a case can be hazardous or fraught with many possible complications. A two-stage, open, bipolar surgical division of the contracted sternocleidomastoid muscle in a 33-year-old woman who developed pain and paresthesiae in the neck and arm was performed under general then local anesthesia. Surgery then controlled gradual stretching in a halo-vest achieved complete subsidence of pain, a near-full range of neck motion and correction of the tilt deformity, without complication. The facial asymmetry and the underlying fixed skeletal changes remained. Surgical release and gradual correction in a halo apparatus can eliminate the need for major spinal surgery in the correction of longstanding torticollis.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Ocular torticollis: diagnosis and prognosis].

A review of 336 cases of operated ocular torticollis demonstrated the presence of facial asymmetry in approximately 80 p.cent of cases. An original classification of ocular torticollis is proposed.

Age Factors↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Spasmodic torticollis, substantiating Manto syndrome, of possible toxic aethiology, with alterations of brainstem acoustic evoked potentials (BAEPs). Treatment with L-5-hydroxytryptophan. Follow up of 18 months, during which high degree resolution of symptoms and normalization of BAEPs took place].

A case of very severe spasmodic torticollis observed for 18 months is presented and discussed. Head was so rotated that permitted only backward seeing and compressed brachial plexus between scaleni muscles with sensory, motor and trophic troubles in the hand. A toxic aethiology from parathion is likely. Brainstem Acoustic Evoked Potentials (BAEPs) showed in the beginning abnormal responses, especially as refers to waves originating in the mesencephalon. Therapy with L-5-hydroxytryptophan subdued neurological symptoms; a parallel normalization of BAEPs recording was observed. The Authors propose to call this syndrome (spasmodic torticollis with thoracic outlet syndrome) after the mythical diviner Manto, which Dante Alighieri refers to in his "Divina Commedia" (Inferno, XX, 55 e segg.).

5-Hydroxytryptophan↗
PubMed1995

[Fixed atlanto-axial rotational dislocation--a rare cause of torticollis in the child].

Two patients aged 2 and 13 years old are presented, both of whom had torticollis caused by atlanto-axial rotatory subluxation. The correct diagnosis was delayed for 3 months as a result of inappropriate radiologic evaluation. In each patient increased atlanto-dental distance, anterolisthesis of the atlas, and malrotation of the atlas relative to the axis were found on a simple lateral projection. Treatment, consisting in reduction under anaesthesia and plaster fixation for 8 weeks, was successful in the smaller child, whereas redislocation occurred in the other patient. It is imperative to exclude by early radiological examination skeletal abnormality in the presence of persisting acquired torticollis in children.

Atlanto-Axial Joint↗
PubMed1994

[Dynamic thermoplastic cervico-thoracic orthoses in conservative and postoperative treatment of congenital torticollis].

Contention of the corrected position of the rotation and anteflexion of the head and neck is very important for the congenital torticollis. Frequent reversion of the deformity was the consequence of the unproper passive and static cast bandages or rigid plastic and more functional leather-metal orthosis. Original dynamic cervico-thoracic orthosis, made of thermoplastic material, provides progressive, individual and stable correction and contetion of the best possible head and neck position. The value of the applied orthosis is proved by the excellent results in treatment of 12 non-operated children and 16 postoperative treated children that suffered of primary myogenic torticollis.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1995

[Clinical and psychometric findings in spasmodic torticollis].

In a previous study screening for psychopathological symptoms in a sample of 256 patients with spasmodic torticollis had resulted in 27% of patients, whose mean score of the GSI of the SCL-90-R was above the double standard deviation of the control group of normals (Scheidt et al. 1994). In this study the self-reported psychopathology of a subsample of 19 TS patients was controlled for its agreement with a clinical assessment in a psychiatric interview. The results of the study confirm the validity of the SCL-90-R as a screening instrument for psychological distress and psychopathology. However a tendency for social desirability in a subgroup of patients might lead to underestimate the degree of psychological distress in this patient group and might als account for some of the discrepant findings concerning psychological distress and psychopathology in TS in former studies. Furthermore the clinical assessment revealed a high psychiatric and psychosomatic morbidity prior to the onset of the spasmodic torticollis as well as a high frequency of traumatic life events (e.g. bereavement) in the patients premorbid history. In addition to coping with a crippling neurological condition concurrent psychopathology in TS therefore should be considered also in terms of the individuals premorbid psychological vulnerability.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1994

Dopamine D2 receptor imaging with iodine-123-iodobenzamide SPECT in idiopathic rotational torticollis.

UNLABELLED: The cause of idiopathic rotational torticollis (IRT) is not completely understood to date. However, basal ganglia are believed to be involved in the pathophysiology of IRT. To elucidate this disorder further, the value of iodobenzamide (IBZM) SPECT was studied for the evaluation of striatal dopamine D2 receptors in these patients. METHODS: Striatal dopamine D2 receptor density was assessed in 10 patients with IRT using 123I-IBZM SPECT. The images were interpreted by a nuclear medicine physician initially to determine IBZM binding within the striatum and the cerebellum and, secondly, interstriatal IBZM binding. The results were correlated with the clinical parameters of the patients and compared with the results obtained from normal controls. RESULTS: No difference was found in average, specific striatal IBZM binding (basal ganglia/cerebellum ratio) between patients and controls. However, interstriatal analysis of IBZM binding revealed a significantly higher binding in the striatum contralateral to the direction of the torticollis (p = 0.026, by chi-square test). CONCLUSION: It was concluded that the striatal dopamine D2 receptor status is altered in patients with IRT.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Torticollis with hiatus hernia in children. Sandifer syndrome.

Sandifer syndrome is an unusual combination of gastroesophageal reflux with or without hiatal hernia and torticollis. It can be considered to be part of an expanded syndrome of unusual presentation of gastroesophageal reflux. After successful surgical repair of the gastroesophageal reflux and the hiatus hernia, there is a gradual but permanent disappearance of the torticollis. An infant with this extremely rare syndrome is presented along with a review of the related literature.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1993

[Bilateral torticollis].

Bilateral torticollis is a very rare form of a well known deformity i.e. muscular torticollis. This malformation might present a differential diagnostic problem both for orthopaedic surgeons and ophthalmologists, as well as, for neurologists. In agreement with the literature, the role of an injury during labour or defective embriogenesis is suggested to play a part.

Child↗