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At least 343 records · Page 19Linked to original sources
PubMed2000

Protecting the human subjects of social science research--the role of institutional review boards.

Current and proposed reforms of the regulatory schema for protecting human subjects of research have focused attention on Institutional Review Board (IRB) responsibilities. Consensus on the need for strengthening the oversight of these boards is all but certain--with the exception of research in the social and behavioral sciences, where an argument for less oversight is being made. The thesis in this article is that respecting the salient features of research in the social and behavioral sciences will ameliorate the tensions leading to this demand and offer better protection to the subjects of social and behavior studies.

Behavioral Research↗
PubMed1996

Beyond the orthodox: heresy in medicine and the social sciences from a cross-cultural perspective.

An analysis of the concepts of orthodoxy and heresy with due consideration to the social context (historical, religious, cross-cultural dimensions), within which the terms are discussed, leads us to look historically at its European significance embodied in the witch-craze of the 15th-17th centuries. One way to conceptualize heresy is to analyze it in the context of the relationship of the scientists and scientific theories vis-á-vis societal establishment (ie. power bases such as governments, finance bases, public consensus). Today, unorthodoxy lies in attempts to accomplish interdisciplinary work, or in proposing alternative explanatory strategies (as in alternative medicine). A shift in scientific paradigms seems to characterize the revolutionary changes of our era. The foremost challenge in the construction of new paradigms seems to be the ability to effectively integrate the components of emotion or feelings taking into account both those of the researcher as well as those who are being investigated. This will involve a new conceptualization of objectivity. In an era which is distinguished by globalization, such a task necessitates a new level of understanding that integrates gender related analysis as well as the implications of the recognition of cross-cultural interaction and cultural diversity.

Christianity↗
PubMed2004

Global transformations and intimate relations in the 21st century: social science research on sexuality and the emergence of sexual health and sexual rights frameworks.

This article tracks the conjunction between the social, cultural, political, and economic changes taking place on a global level and the shift in sexuality research from primarily biomedical and behavioral concerns to those of rights and social justice. Particular attention is paid to how transnational public health and human rights discourses, and social movements concerned with gender inequality and the oppression of sexual minorities, have influenced the field of sexuality research. This influence is especially clear in the emergence of the concepts of sexual health and sexual rights, which have enabled researchers to draw clear connections between highly localized phenomena and transnational systems. The importance of rights-based approaches, in particular, has supported an explicit politicization of research and the engagement of researchers in social justice causes. To illustrate the interests and approach of contemporary sexuality research, the article includes a review of recent literature on sex trafficking and same-sex marriage. These cases are used to outline the negative and positive use of rights-the former a means to control harm and the latter a means to advance freedoms. Addressing the tension between these two strategies is a core challenge for the field of sexuality research.

Cultural Characteristics↗