Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “SHOULDER JOINT”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 343 records · Page 19Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

[Application possibilities of MR arthrography in diseases of the shoulder joint].

In a prospective study possible indications for MR arthrography of the shoulder were evaluated. 37 patients were examined before and after intraarticular administration of a 2-mmolar solution of Gd-DTPA. MR arthrography was performed if there was no joint effusion and/or an uncertain finding concerning the rotator cuff or the capsulolabral complex on plain MR images. MR arthrography leads to a better demonstration of labrum pathology in 11/22 patients and to a superior delineation of the capsuloligamentous apparatus in 20/22 cases. In 9/15 patients with impingement lesions MR arthrography allowed a differentiation of severe tendinitis from partial and small full-thickness tears of the rotator cuff. MR arthrography of the shoulder joint enhances the accuracy of MR in case of an uncertain finding on plain MR images.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Constrained total shoulder joint replacement: a critical review.

Constrained total shoulder replacement is a salvage procedure for the patient with disabling pain and a nonfunctioning rotator cuff mechanism. The results of pain relief have been gratifying. When active overhead motion is a goal of treatment a strong deltoid muscle is required. The rationale for fixing a fulcrum is to substitute for the loss of the rotator cuff mechanism that stabilizes the humeral or prosthetic head on the shallow glenoid. The best method of attachment for the glenoid component to an intact glenoid vault described herein has been found to be superior to other methods. In particular, the vault should not be mutilated. This is borne out by the clinical experience and laboratory testing that loosening or pull-out does not occur with an intact glenoid. Moreover, the attachment is stronger than the dry bone just medial to the vault where fracture always occurred through the suprascapular notch in laboratory tests. Although there may be good pain relief with this operation, active function still depends on residual deltoid muscle power wherein a poor deltoid will only allow passive motion. Moreover, the outcome of any shoulder operation still depends in large measure on the excellence of the postoperative rehabilitation program. Finally, other worthwhile shoulder operations should be given first consideration in order to serve the needs of individual patients.

Biomechanical Phenomena↗
PubMed2005

Purtscher's retinopathy after fracture dislocation of shoulder joint.

Purtscher described sudden blindness in patients with severe head trauma due to a remote retinopathy, characterised by bilateral retinal haemorrhages, cotton wool spots, and optic disc swelling seen on fundoscopy. A similar retinopathy has been reported in compressive chest trauma, long bone fractures, and acute pancreatitis. It is less well recognised that Purtscher's retinopathy can occur unilaterally and following less severe trauma. We present a case of unilateral remote traumatic retinal angiopathy following a fracture dislocation of the shoulder joint.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1996

[Arthrodesis of the shoulder joint].

If strict indications are adhered to, shoulder arthrodesis is a valuable method in the operative treatment of restoring function to a chronically painful joint in a physically hard-working patient. Functional failure, especially because of rotation loss occurs often and is frequently the cause of unsatisfactory results. The main problem is the position of the arthrodesis. After numerous contradictory proposals, the most favorable approach is an abduction of 20-25 degrees and flexion of 30 degrees with an internal rotation of 45 degrees. Of all of the previous methods of fixation, today compression arthrodesis with one or two AO plates is preferred.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

[Necrotizing fasciitis following therapeutic injection in a shoulder joint].

Necrotizing fasciitis is an inflammatory, rapidly progressive soft tissue infection usually caused by Streptococcus pyogenes or by a combination of aerobic and anaerobic microorganisms. Here we report the case of a patient who developed necrotizing fasciitis near the site of therapeutic injections. An orthopaedic surgeon in private practice had given the 74-year-old patient, who suffered from left shoulder pain, cortisone injections in his left shoulder joint. During the course of this therapy, the patient developed necrotizing fasciitis. Despite radical surgical debridement of the patient's back, left thorax and amputation of his left arm, the patient expired 15 h after arriving at our department. In cases such as these, patient survival depends upon an early diagnosis followed by immediate radical surgical intervention including complete opening of fascial compartments and excision of necrotic tissues.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Endoprosthetic replacement of the shoulder joint. Possibilities and their analysis].

Functional and anatomic characteristics of the shoulder girdle are special problems, that have to be solved in the process of using an artificial joint replacement to improve the function of a painful shoulder, which is restricted in movement. Seen from a biomechanical point of view, besides a safe fixation of the prosthesis the stability and kinematic of the artificial joint are of considerable importance for the success of the endoprosthetic treatment. The efforts of meeting these requirements by a respective prosthesis design led to a variety of prosthesis types. This study shows the possibilities for prosthetic replacement of the shoulder joint and comprises an analysis of all systems, which are available on the market, as well as of the patent applications of the past 15 years. The prostheses are listed according to their stability. Relative to the state of destruction of the joint unconstrained prosthesis types with completely free and partially restricted mobility, as well as constrained types of joints are being discussed.

Biomechanical Phenomena↗
PubMed1993

[CT arthrography of the shoulder joint].

Double-contrast CT arthrography of the shoulder is an imaging modality of great diagnostic accuracy with regard to glenohumeral instabilities. The purpose of this study is to describe the technique of the method and to demonstrate normal and pathological conditions in detail. Finally, its diagnostic value compared to other imaging modalities is outlined.

Arthrography↗
PubMed1983

A free bone block operation for recurrent anterior dislocation of the shoulder joint.

An operation to prevent recurrent anterior dislocation of the shoulder by insertion of a free iliac bone graft into an anterior glenoid osteotomy is described and has been performed on 16 shoulders in 15 patients. No additional fixation of the graft was used and the divided subscapularis tendon was not sutured. The average follow-up was 7 years and 8 months, no serious complications occurred, there were no recurrences, there was no evidence of degenerative osteoarthrosis and only 4 patients had any detectable loss of power. Only 2 patients had noticed any restriction of movement. There was some loss of external rotation in 13 shoulders. All patients returned to their desired levels of work and sporting activity after operation. The operation is technically easy to perform and has comparably excellent results to other published series.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

[The shoulder joint in chronic polyarthritis].

In patients with rheumatoid arthritis, shoulder problems are very common. In the present study, 96 of 105 patients, i.e., 91%, reported shoulder problems. Thirty-one percent of the patients had such severe shoulder disability that they considered it to be their main rheumatic problem. With increasing duration of the rheumatic shoulder disease, there are progressive destructive changes and a decrease in the range of motion and functional capacity even with conservative treatment, indicating that intervention with surgical procedures may be warranted. In the early effusive stages of rheumatic shoulder disease, radiological synovectomy with beta-emitting radionuclides may be indicated. In proliferative synovitis, surgical synovectomy gives good pain relief and increased shoulder mobility and function. In shoulders with more advanced painful shoulder arthropathy, shoulder replacement is gaining in popularity. However, it is mandatory that candidates must be selected very carefully for shoulder replacement and in patients with severe fibrotic capsulitis, muscular atrophy or mutilation with severe loss of bone, the results after shoulder replacement surgery are often less successful.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMed1984

Arthroscopy of the shoulder joint--a cadaver and clinical study. Part 2: Clinical study.

Shoulder arthroscopy was carried out 56 times on 50 patients. Different types of arthroscopes were employed. Anterior and posterior approaches were used. Diagnoses were 21 cases of glenohumeral instability including 17 of recurrent anterior dislocation and subluxation; 2 of voluntary anterior subluxation and 2 of habitual posterior dislocation, 13 of rotator cuff tear, 6 of chronic subacromial bursitis, 2 of fracture-dislocation, 2 of frozen shoulder, 2 of baseball shoulder, one of rheumatoid arthritis, and 3 miscellaneous. The arthroscopic findings in the instability group and rotator cuff tear group were verified. Bankart lesion and Hill-Sachs lesion were identified arthroscopically. The indications for shoulder arthroscopy are outlined. There was no significant morbidity with this procedure.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Net shoulder joint moment and muscular activity during light weight-handling at different displacements and frequencies.

The purpose of this study was to calculate net shoulder (gleno-humeral) joint moments from inverse dynamics and to measure muscular activity from six shoulder muscles (supraspinatus, infraspinatus, middle deltoid, anterior deltoid, trapezius, and pectoralis major) during light weight-handling at two different displacements (horizontal and vertical) and frequencies (40 and 60 cycles/min), to simulate an occupational cervicobrachial working task (light weight displacement). Ten normal adult male subjects were asked to move a known weight, representing 15% of the maximal lifted weight, in both horizontal and vertical conditions at frequencies of 40 cycles/min and 60 cycles/min. Raw EMG signals from six shoulder muscles were recorded and synchronized with the cinematographic data during three trials of 6 s each. The raw EMG signals of each muscle were full wave rectified and filtered at 3 Hz. The linear envelope (LE EMG) signals were normalized by time (% cycle) and by amplitude (% MVC), and for the analysis of variance, the normalized LE EMG signals were integrated (IN LE EMG). The average shoulder angular velocities, joint moments, and moment powers were computed from cinematographical data. No significant differences were observed between both tasks for the supraspinatus, infraspinatus, and pectoralis major IN LE EMG data as well as for integrated normalized shoulder joint moment for the whole cycle of movement. IN LE EMG data from middle deltoid, anterior deltoid, and trapezius muscles were significantly higher (p less than 0.05) when performing the vertical displacement task for the whole cycle of movement. This muscular activity difference between vertical and horizontal tasks indicated that the vertical displacement conditions induced higher muscular loads on the shoulder than the horizontal weight displacement conditions, although the vertical displacements were approximately 15% longer than the horizontal displacements. The non-significant difference of IN LE EMG between frequencies obtained for all muscles indicated that neither frequencies induced more muscular activity.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Detections of movements imposed on finger, elbow and shoulder joints.

The angular displacements necessary for 70% correct detection were determined in normal subjects at the shoulder and elbow joints and at the terminal joint of the middle finger. Angular velocities of displacement between 0.125 degrees and 160 degrees/s were tested. Each joint was tested in the mid-range of its normal excursion. The joints were carefully supported for testing and the muscles acting at the joints were relaxed. When assessed in terms of angular displacements and angular velocities, proprioceptive performance at the shoulder and elbow joints was superior to that at the finger joint. Optimal performance at the finger joint was attained over the range of angular velocities from 10 degrees to 80 degrees/s. Optimal performance at both more proximal joints was optimal over a wider range (2 degrees-80 degrees/s). Active pointing movements made without vision of the moving part were performed at each joint at velocities within the range of optimal proprioceptive performance. However, when detection levels and displacement velocities were expressed in terms of linear displacements and velocities at the finger tip for all three joints, the finger joint gave the best performance and the shoulder the worst. In practical terms, therefore, displacements of a given linear extent are best detected if they move distal joints and worst if they move proximal joints. For the elbow and finger joints the detection level and velocity data were expressed also in terms of proportional changes in the lengths of muscles operating at these joints, and as proportional changes in the distance between the points of attachment of the joint capsules. Analysis in terms of proportional changes of muscle length showed remarkably similar performance levels at both joints. This suggests that intramuscular receptors are important determinants of proprioceptive performance. Analysis in terms of joint capsular displacement did not unify the data: on this form of analysis proprioceptive performance at the elbow joint was superior.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Instability of the shoulder joint in the athlete].

In all shoulder instabilities it is very important to classify the type of instability precisely in order to choose the right form of therapy and predict the results. The acronyms TUBS, which means traumatic instability, unidirectional, Bankart lesion, and good response to surgery, and AMBRI, which means atraumatic aetiology, multidirectional, and good for rehabilitation, represent the complete range of possible instabilities. We discuss the subtypes in the differentiation of various instabilities and the different causes and pathologies for instability, the clinical and radiological tests possible, and the different surgical treatment options, as well as the results in the literature. A modification of the Bankart procedure and the arthroscopic Caspari capsulorrhaphy procedure for traumatic instabilities are described. The capsular T-shift by Neer and Foster is explained as a surgical treatment for multidirectional instability.

Arthroscopes↗