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At least 343 records · Page 19Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Retroperitoneal air after routine hemorrhoidectomy. Report of a case.

Retroperitoneal air as a complication after routine hemorrhoidectomy has not been reported in the literature. This occurred recently after hemorrhoidectomy in a 34-year-old patient receiving glucocorticoid therapy for rheumatoid arthritis. Adverse steroidal effects of wound healing have been well documented. It is believed that steroid-induced tissue changes contributed to the development of this unique complication.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Significance of pelvic retroperitoneal pneumography in the assessment of extramural invasion of rectal carcinoma.

Pelvic retroperitoneal pneumography (PRP) and barium enema were performed simultaneously in 34 patients with rectal carcinoma in an attempt to assess whether there was extramural cancer invasion. In 9 patients, no free air was visualized in the retroperitoneal cavity surrounding the mass, and histological evaluation of the excised specimens showed extramural invasion in all 9. The mean maximum diameter was 4.1 cm. In 25 patients, free air was seen around the mass, and 10 had tumors limited to the rectal wall, the remaining 15 manifested extramural invasion, however, the mean diameter was small (2.0 cm). In a mass whose center was located along the anterior rectal wall, it was difficult to assess from the free air findings whether there was extramural invasion. Based on the present findings, we concluded that PRP is useful in determining preoperatively whether there is extramural invasion in cases with rectal carcinoma involving the posterior and lateral walls.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Subcutaneous emphysema and pneumothorax complicating diagnostic colonoscopy.

A case of subcutaneous emphysema and pneumothorax secondary to a diagnostic colonoscopy is presented. While 11 cases of retroperitoneal emphysema due to colonoscopy were identified in the literature, there are only two further reports of pneumothorax. Possible etiologic and therapeutic aspects are discussed.

Colonoscopy↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis with pneumoperitoneum and pneumoretroperitoneum following chemotherapy.

Pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis (PCI) is a relatively rare, mostly benign, condition. We report a case of chemotherapy-induced PCI with free retro- and intraperitoneal gas in a 17-year-old man with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Chest radiography and upright abdominal radiography showed free intra- and retroperitoneal gas; computed tomography demonstrated subserosal gas collections. Conservative treatment with oxygen, metronidazol, and parenteral alimentation was performed, and PCI resolved within 2 weeks.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

Fatal carbon dioxide embolism as an unreported complication of retroperitoneoscopy.

Retroperitoneoscopy has gained popularity because it offers a safe alternative to the more debilitating open approach and avoids postoperative ileus. However, this type of procedure carries certain disadvantages in terms of intraperitoneal effusions and hemodynamic changes. Major complications are exceptional. We describe the case of a 52-year-old man who died of carbon dioxide embolism during elective totally extraperitoneal (TEP) inguinal hernioplasty for symptomatic left indirect inguinal hernia. With the patient under general anesthesia, the retroperitoneal space was gained through a 1. 5-cm incision made below the umbilicus. During the dissection, the patient collapsed and could not be resuscitated. At autopsy, air bubbles were admixed with blood in the epicardial veins, but no injury to vessels was demonstrated. We conclude that carbon dioxide embolism usually is caused by direct puncture of major vessels during intra-abdominal procedures. However, when this complication occurs during retroperitoneoscopy, it seems related to pressure-forced entry of carbon dioxide into the venous plexus.

Carbon Dioxide↗
PubMed2003

Pneumoretroperitoneum, pneumomediastinum, pneumopericardium, and subcutaneous emphysema complicating sigmoidoscopy: report of a case.

An 80-year-old woman presented to our outpatient center with abdominal pain and blood-stained stools. She underwent a colonoscopy, which showed a 4-cm type II tumor in the rectum. About 2 h after the colonoscopy, mild facial edema and subcutaneous emphysema developed around her neck. A chest X-ray showed pneumopericardium, pneumomediastinum, and subcutaneous emphysema, and an abdominal X-ray demonstrated retroperitoneal air. An exploratory laparotomy was performed on the second day after the colonoscopy, which showed air in the subserosal space of the sigmoid colon. The air seemed to have leaked from a 2-cm inflamed diverticulum in the sigmoid colon. The mesosigmoid was also expanded by air. We discuss the anatomical mechanism of the various clinical presentations of extraluminal air following colonoscopy.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed2002

Pneumorrhachis, subcutaneous emphysema, pneumomediastinum, pneumopericardium, and pneumoretroperitoneum after proctocolectomy for ulcerative colitis: report of a case.

This article presents the first known case of pneumorrhachis (spinal air), pneumomediastinum, pneumopericardium, pneumoretroperitoneum, and subcutaneous emphysema after proctocolectomy for ulcerative colitis. We review the patient's medical history, clinical and laboratory findings, radiographic data, and operative records, as well as the relevant literature. We describe the case of a young male with ulcerative colitis who developed pneumorrhachis, subcutaneous emphysema, pneumoretroperitoneum, pneumomediastinum, and pneumopericardium after a proctocolectomy with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis. Unlike the case we report, previously described episodes of pneumomediastinum and subcutaneous emphysema in patients with ulcerative colitis developed before operative intervention. We offer possible explanations for these unusual complications based on analysis of this case and thorough review of the literature.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Pseudo-pneumoretroperitoneum secondary to lumbar emphysema: CT demonstration in two cases.

Several conditions may simulate the radiolucent appearances of pneumoretroperitoneum at plain film. These include gas shadows in locations other than the retroperitoneal space or fluid within the retroperitoneal compartments. Two cases of emphysema within the soft tissues of the back mimicking pneumoretroperitoneum on plain radiographs are described. One case was secondary to epidural anesthesia and another to trauma. In both, computed tomography (CT) led to the correct diagnosis. The possible pitfalls in the differential diagnosis of retroperitoneal gas are described with emphasis of the diagnostic role of CT.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Pneumomediastinum and pneumoretroperitoneum.

A 23-year-old man presented to the emergency department with extensive subcutaneous emphysema and severe dehydration after a prolonged self-imposed religious fast. Chest radiographs showed marked pneumomediastinum and pneumoretroperitoneum without pneumothorax. Patients are often admitted to the hospital for close observation when these findings are recognized, but this caution is generally unwarranted. This case illustrates the common occurrence of the usually benign entity of pneumomediastinum without pneumothorax.

Adult↗