Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Preoperative Procedures”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 343 records · Page 19Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Silicone implant arthroplasty of the great toe. A review of single stem and flexible hinge implants.

One hundred sixty-five feet were reconstructed with the single stem silicone implant, including patients with hallux regidus, hallux valgus due to degenerative and osteoarthritic joint changes, hallux valgus secondary to rheumatoid arthritis and patients with previous unsuccessful "bunion" procedures. Preoperative pain and intolerance to shoe wear were relieved in the great majority of patients. The amount of correction of the hallux valgus angle was directly related to the preoperative deformity. Infection occurred in 2 patients, and inflammatory reaction to the implant occurred in one patient. One hundred five feet were reconstructed with a flexible hinge implant; 94 of the feet had joints destroyed by rheumatoid arthritis. Dramatic improvement in the hallux valgus angle resulted in these feet which had relatively severe preoperative deformities. No implant fractures were recorded. The present survey of our cases, and experiences reported by others, encourage the use of these implants by surgeons who follow the suggested indications, surgical technique, and follow up care.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Speech rehabilitation outcome after Blom-Singer tracheoesophageal puncture.

This study evaluated speech rehabilitation outcome and length of training needed for laryngectomized patients who underwent the Blom-Singer tracheoesophageal (TE) puncture procedure. Preoperative patient selection criteria included: 1) acceptable stoma size, 2) adequate motivation and manual dexterity, 3) absence of constrictor spasm. Training focused on coordination of breath control, articulation, muscle relaxation, and proper handling and maintenance of the "duckbill" prosthesis. Speech intelligibility in 12 patients was evaluated following the completion of their speech rehabilitation program, using the CID Everyday Sentences. Each patient was videotaped; the tape then was presented to unbiased listeners who recorded the sentences. The median percentage of intelligibility for the 12 patients was 89.5%; only one patient had a median score less than 60%. The mean length of formal training for the group was only 3.2 hours (range 1 to 7 hours). The percentage of patients attaining speech and the quality of their speech intelligibility was found to be higher than with esophageal speech, which is both time consuming and often difficult to learn. TE puncture followed by proper fitting and training in voice prosthesis usage improves speech rehabilitation outcome for the laryngectomized patient.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Glucose tolerance in the obese surgical patient.

Intraoperative glucose metabolism was studied in seven grossly obese patients during an intestinal bypass surgical procedure. Preoperative fasting plasma glucose levels were in the low normal range. Results of intravenous glucose tolerance studies during the preoperative period suggested that three patients demonstrated a diabetic utilization of glucose. Fasting awake plasma glucose levels were increased after premedication for anesthesia and surgical treatment. Following induction of anesthesia, laryngoscopy and intubation, there was a further increase in glucose concentrations. In five patients, a 25 gram glucose load was given intravenously during the anesthetic period and prior to operation; glucose utilization was severely impaired in all patients. When the glucose load was not administered to two patients, a slow uptake of glucose was suggested. Surgical trauma did not further decrease glucose utilization after anesthesia. In patients with no glucose load, surgical treatment resulted in a gradual rise in glucose levels. These results suggested that intraoperative glucose utilization is impaired in the obese. Although a marked osmotic diuresis leading to hypovolemia is not apparent in the present study, decreased intraoperative glucose utilization demonstrates that cautious intraoperative administration of glucose should be considered in the obese patient.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Geriatric surgery of the upper GI-tract (author's transl)].

The results of surgery of the upper gastrointestinal tract in elderly patients achieved at the Department of Surgery of the University of Mainz are represented. New pathophysiological concepts in peptic ulcer surgery, improved preoperative procedures like endoscopic retrograde cholangiography (ERC) and percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography (PTC) in diseases of the biliary tree are important contributions to the indications and operative tactics. The rules of cancer surgery are also true in geriatric surgery. Diagnostic and therapeutic procedures should be restricted according to the particular limits set up by age.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1983

[Ultrasonic diagnosis of ovarian carcinoma].

Gray-scale ultrasonography was performed prior to surgery in 68 patients with tumors of the ovary. Thirty-four of the 38 benign tumors were considered benign by sonographic criteria. Three of 4 borderline epithelial tumors were considered malignant sonographically, as were 22 of the 26 cancers of the ovary (sensitivity 84%). Nineteen of them were malignant epithelial neoplasms and most were classified as FIGO stages III and IV (76%). In 6 of the 7 patients with stage I and II cancers the latter were considered malignant by sonographic criteria. Twenty-three of the 26 cancers were classified as having a complex structure using the classic ultrasonographic criteria. Histopathological evaluation did not correlate with the ultrasonic findings: sonography could not predict the correct stage and a particular histological type. Nevertheless, ultrasonography is a valuable diagnostic tool as a preoperative procedure in patients with a suspected ovarian neoplasm.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Endoscopic salpingectomy.

A new laparoscopic surgical procedure, endoscopic salpingectomy, is reported. The technique is based on laparoscopic surgical procedures by electrocoagulation, performed with a triple-puncture technique. It is indicated for patients complaining of chronic pelvic pain clinically treated without success and/or who wish to be sterilized and also have chronic pelvic pain, with positive tubal findings of enlargement and/or hyperemia at laparoscopy. Also presented are pre- and postoperative care, instruments, technique, complications, results and follow-up on the first 100 patients who underwent this procedure.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Current status of renoprotective procedures in the surgery of impaired kidneys].

Renoprotective measures are of utmost importance for the preservation of renal function and prevention of acute renal failure of kidneys with impaired function subjected to operative procedures. Preoperatively a thorough nephrological work-up and preparation of the patient has to be performed. Potentially nephrotoxic drugs should be avoided. Examinations with radio contrast agents may lead to a deterioration of renal function, especially if risk factors are present. Hydration is an important part of preoperative renoprotection. Intraoperative renoprotective measures include atraumatic surgical techniques with preservation of renal parenchyma, the administration of diuretics and dopamine as well as a balanced substitution of blood and fluid loss. If the renal circulation has to be interrupted hypothermia should be applied. Controversy exists concerning the beneficial effect of membrane stabilisers, metabolic inhibitors and nucleotid precursors. For the prevention resp. treatment of postoperative acute renal failure balanced hydration, diuretics, dopamine and parenteral hyperalimentation have proven to be useful. The use of prophylactic dialysis leads to a reduction of the complications associated with acute renal failure.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1983

[Surgical treatment of patients with morbid obesity].

Indications for operative procedures, preoperative preparation, operative methods and postoperative management of the patients are discussed on the basis of an experience with the surgical treatment of 46 patients with morbid obesity. The surgical treatment is believed by the authors to be indicated for morbid obesity of the IIIrd and IVth stages when conservative measures proved to be unsuccessful. Positive results were obtained in most the patients operated upon. Two patients died after operation.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Selective arterial embolization in renal tumors.

Selective arterial embolization with Gelfoam was performed in 45 cases of hypernephroma. In 33 cases this technique has been utilized as preoperative procedure and almost always (97%) nephrectomy was facilitated: 97% of the cases had slight or moderate operative bleeding; in 82% of the cases separation of the tumor-containing kidney from adjacent tissues was easy. Embolization has been employed in 12 inoperable patients and was effective mainly in management of bleeding. Angiographic controls after embolization (from 13 to 162 days) were performed 8 times and it was assessed that the efficacy of the procedure on primary tumor growth is limited in time by renal artery revascularization. The embolized patients never presented severe complications, except several episodes of transitory renal failure.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1980

The relationship of postoperative hypertension to complications following carotid endarterectomy.

Severe postoperative hypertension following carotid endarterectomy is a serious and poorly understood clinical problem associated with an increased mortality rate and increased incidence of neurologic deficit. This complication, which is defined as a sustained elevation of systolic pressure greater than 200 mm Hg requiring pharmacologic control, occurred following 19% of 253 carotid procedures. Preoperative hypertension is the single most important determinate in the development of postoperative hypertension. The incidence of preoperative hypertension in patients who developed postoperative hypertension was 79.6% to 57.4% in patients who did not develop this complication (P < 0.01). There was a significantly increased incidence of neurologic deficit and operative mortality rate in the group who developed postoperative hypertension. There were five neurologic deficits in the group who developed postoperative hypertension, for an incidence of 10.2%. The incidence of neurologic deficit in the group who did not develop postoperative hypertension was 3.4%. The only deaths were in the postoperative hypertensive group. The hypertensive patient is at greater risk for postoperative hypertension, which is associated with increased neurologic morbidity and mortality.

Carotid Arteries↗
PubMed1995

Fatty infiltration of disrupted rotator cuff muscles.

The extent of fatty infiltration of rotator cuff muscles was evaluated on computed tomography displays using a five-point scoring system in 63 shoulders before surgery for a rotator cuff tear and in 57 of these shoulders after surgical repair of the tear (the quality of cuff repair was evaluated in these 57 shoulders by arthrography, usually coupled with computed tomography, after a mean time interval of 8 months since the procedure). Preoperatively, significant fatty infiltration of the supraspinatus muscle was uncommon. Severe fatty infiltration of the infraspinatus and subscapularis muscles was seen in some patients. In most instances, fat accumulated in those muscles whose tendons were torn; however, tendon cleavage was associated with mild fatty infiltration of the corresponding muscle in some instances, and wide tears of the supraspinatus and subscapularis muscles were sometimes accompanied with severe fatty infiltration of the infraspinatus muscle. In half the cases, fatty degenerescence of the infraspinatus muscle occurred within six months of the tendon rupture. After surgery, in most shoulders without evidence of rotator cuff leakage on the postoperative arthrogram, no further accumulation of fat occurred. However, a decrease in the amount of existing fat was rarely documented and occurred only in the supraspinatus muscle. Before and after surgery, increasing severity of the fatty infiltration of the infraspinatus muscle was associated with increasing functional impairment of the same muscle. Recurrent rotator cuff tears, which involved only the supraspinatus muscle, were considerably more common when there was severe preoperative fatty infiltration of the infraspinatus muscle.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1995

[An experimental study of chemoembolization for VX2 bone tumors].

An experimental study of preoperative chemoembolization using cis-platinum crystals was performed in rabbit to test a drug delivery system used for malignant musculoskeletal tumors. The cis-platinum was crystallized from solution, and injected into the animals. The average crystal size was 393 x 222 microns, and their properties were the same as the properties of the solution. A VX2 bone tumors was transplanted into the distal femoral metaphysis of a rabbit in the form of a tumor cell suspension. A total of 20 rabbits were divided into four groups. In one group (Group A), chemotherapy was not used to treat the tumor. In the second group (Group B), a cis-platinum solution was injected into a subcutaneous vein at one week after the VX2 transplantation. In the third group (Group C), a cis-platinum solution was injected into the proximal femoral artery. In the fourth group (Group D), cis-platinum crystals were injected into the proximal femoral artery and a tourniquet was applied to prevent blood flow to the knee (below the tumor) during the injection. X-rays and arteriograms were performed periodically. At 3 weeks after the transplantation, the rabbits were sacrificed and the lesions were examined histopathologically. Serial body weights and tumor growth were also assessed. The X-rays and arteriograms in Groups C and D showed less destruction of the adjacent bone, and less vascularity in the tumor than those in Groups A and B. Wide degenerative or necrotic areas inside the tumor were observed macroscopically in Groups C and D. Focal necrosis was most frequently observed microscopically in Group D. It was concluded from the results of this experimental study that chemoembolization was an effective preoperative procedure that could be used as a drug delivery system to treat a malignant musculoskeletal tumor.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Reduction and augmentation mammoplasty.

Women seek reduction mammoplasty for alleviation of their symptoms of mammary hypertrophy, which may include upper back and neck pain, strain, or muscle spasm. Many of these women also desire an improvement in their appearance. Augmentation mammoplasty is sought by women for enlargement of the breasts and to attain a well-proportioned figure. Women who have experienced postpartum involution of the breasts request augmentation mammoplasty to regain the size and shape of their breasts prior to pregnancy. The historical background of these procedures, preoperative evaluation, and technical considerations are presented.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

A trans-reservoir technique for correction of ureterointestinal obstruction in continent urinary diversion.

Following construction of a continent colonic urinary reservoir, 5 uretero-colonic reimplantations became obstructed at the anastomotic site. In these obstructed units previous percutaneous balloon dilation and stent placement had failed and they were subsequently treated by a new reimplantation procedure. Preoperatively, in all ureteral units a percutaneous ureteral stent was inserted to facilitate intraoperative recognition of the ureteral meatus. The technique included a trans-reservoir approach, which allowed easy localization of the stent and anastomotic site. The ureter was dissected free from the intestinal wall and then was mobilized into the lumen of the reservoir. After excision of the scarred distal ureteral segment and spatulation of the proximal healthy ureter, a new direct mucosa-to-mucosa reimplantation was performed leaving the ureter stented. This trans-reservoir approach (occasionally done through an abdominal transverse muscle splitting incision) allows for shortening of the operation, and avoids the time-consuming and more complicated transabdominal lysis of adhesions. All newly reimplanted ureters (100%) showed evidence of adequate ureteral drainage without residual obstruction on followup excretory urography or furosemide renography up to 45 months postoperatively. The trans-reservoir approach for refractory ureteral reimplantation obstruction in continent colonic reservoirs has been associated with no morbidity or mortality, and facilitates the solution to a difficult clinical problem.

Adult↗