Ethical discourse by science-in-fiction.
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During the past year, I have taken part in an experiment in which I have been the experimental animal. I was awarded a fellowship that gave me the opportunity to take a sabbatical from science and spend a year in the School of Literature and Creative Writing at the University of East Anglia. The School of Literature and Creative Writing is internationally renowned, and past students include household names such as Ian McEwan, Kazuo Ishiguro, Trezza Azzopardi and Tracy Chevalier. I have a keen interest in creative writing and had written a few short stories. This was a formidable but thrilling challenge. During my adventure, I realized that, in many ways, I was coming home.
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Last year was the bicentenary of the death of Robert Burns, who is Scotland's best known poet. January 25, Burns' birth date, is also a well-known celebration to the Scottish-the famous 'Burns Night'. Burns wrote many songs and poems, but his 'Address to the Toothache' is of particular interest to dentists. The poem provides a vivid account of one man's experience of toothache and gives an insight into how people regarded pain two hundred years ago.
It is probably true to say that the masticatory apparatus attracts proportionally greater attention than any other part of the body. Evidence that this is so is provided, not only by the degree of specialisation within the dental profession, but by the frequency with which references to teeth and dentistry crop up in literature. Generations of biographers, novelists, poets, playwrights and essayists have written about their dental experiences and included the dentition in describing the facial appearance of characters, factual and fictional. The literary extracts in this article, culled from an extensive collection, refer to orthodontics. They provide a fascinating insight into the patient's perspective on that speciality and make entertaining reading.
People with experience as mental health clients, mental health nurses, writers and other professionals have used literature to benefit mental health service users in various ways. These include expressive writing, as well as applications in psychotherapy and counselling and to deal with specific problems and symptoms. In addition, therapeutic story-telling, bibliotherapy and poetry therapy have been used. Various benefits have been described, but some accounts do not include evidence of clinical effectiveness. However, positive treatment outcomes have been reported in research papers and other literature, with particular evidence of clinical effectiveness in some studies of bibliotherapy, therapeutic writing and poetry therapy. Further work is needed to clarify and measure the effectiveness of various expressive and therapeutic uses of literature. The authors also recommend collaboration among practitioners and the need for supporting evidence for proposals for increased resources in this field.