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At least 343 records · Page 19Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Transport of 5-hydroxydopamine and horseradish peroxidase through the perilymph-endolymph barrier.

The distribution of 5-hydroxydopamine (5-OHDA) and horseradish peroxidase (HRP) in the cochlea was examined by light and electron microscopy after perilymphatic perfusion. Reaction product of 5-OHDA was observed along the endolymphatic surface of the cochlear duct in both 10-minute and 30-minute perfusions, while that of HRP was observed only in the 30-minute perfusion. Both tracers were found in pinocytotic vesicles of Reissner's membrane, Claudius' cells, and Hensen's cells. No labeling was seen in tight junctions of the epithelial cells lining the scala media. The epithelial cells of the spiral prominence showed various degrees of degeneration in the 5-OHDA experiment. These morphologic findings suggest that 5-OHDA and HRP can enter the endolymphatic space from the perilymphatic space by pinocytosis and that the degree of transport depends on the size of the particles.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

Traces of perilymph detected in epipharyngeal fluid: perilymphatic fistula as a cause of sudden hearing loss diagnosed with beta-trace protein (prostaglandin D synthase) immunoelectrophoresis.

The incidence of perilymphatic fistula as cause of sudden hearing loss is not known. We present a case with sudden unilateral hearing loss associated with a positive beta-trace protein test of an epipharyngeal fluid sample. The patient presented with sudden sensorineural hearing loss on the right side. A stapedotomy had been performed nine months previously due to otosclerosis. Intravenous therapy for the treatment of sudden hearing loss was unsuccessful. At the time of sudden hearing loss, epipharyngeal fluid was collected using a Raucocel sinus pack. Investigation using rocket immunoelectrophoresis showed the presence of beta-trace protein. Upon repeating tympanoscopy there was no obvious labyrinthine fluid egress, but the oval window was sealed with fibrin sponge and fibrin glue. The patient's hearing improved over a period of five months.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Dependence of endocochlear potential on basolateral Na+ and Cl- concentration: a study using vascular and perilymph perfusion.

Inside-positive endocochlear potential (EP) and high potassium concentration in the endocochlear duct are generated by transepithelial K+ transport in marginal cells of the stria vascularis. In order to estimate the degree of involvement of Na+ and Cl- in K+ transport in marginal cells, EP in guinea pigs was measured under artificial vascular and perilymphatic perfusion in situ. Na+ depletion due to both vascular and perilymphatic perfusion decreased EP by -10.0 +/- 4.1 mV (delta EP = -86 +/- 5.2 mV, n = 5) from the control value of 78 +/- 4.3 mV (p < 0.01). Cl- depletion due to vascular and perilymphatic perfusion also decreased EP by -10.0 +/- 4.9 mV (delta EP = 8.5 +/- 4.8 mV, n = 6) from the control value of 77 +/- 5.1 mV (p < 0.01). However, under either vascular or perilymphatic perfusion, even lowering of Na+ or Cl- concentration in the perfusate decreased EP only slightly compared to the results under both vascular and perilymphatic perfusion. Furosemide, a blocker of Na+/K+/2Cl- symport, decreased EP under vascular perfusion. This dependency of EP on basolateral Na+ and Cl- concentration strongly suggests that K+ transport by the marginal cell is dependent on the basolateral Na+ and Cl- concentration, and that Na+/K+/2Cl- symport is raised as a possible mechanism for Na+ and Cl- dependency of EP.

Animals↗