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At least 343 records · Page 19Linked to original sources
PubMed2006

Increased expression of membrane-type matrix metalloproteinase-1 is correlated with poor prognosis in patients with osteosarcoma.

Numerous studies have demonstrated a correlation of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) overexpression with the prognosis of various kinds of cancer. The current study investigated whether the expression of MMPs is correlated with the prognosis of osteosarcoma. Expression levels of MMP-2, -9, MT1-MMP and TIMP-2 were examined immunohistochemically in samples from 47 patients with osteosarcoma. Correlation of the positivity of staining with prognosis was analyzed with the Kaplan-Meier method, and statistically analyzed with log-rank test. Co-localization of MMP-2, MT1-MMP and TIMP-2 was determined by double staining with fluorescence-conjugated antibodies. Activities of gelatinases in representative tissues were examined with gelatin zymography. MMP-2 was expressed strongly in 60% of cases (28/47), and MMP-9, MT1- MMP and TIMP-2 was strongly positive in 61% (29/47), 45% (21/47), and 91% (43/47), respectively. Increased MT1-MMP expression was associated significantly with poor prognosis in overall survival (P=0.0480). In cases of overexpression for both MMP-2 and MT1-MMP, there was a tendency for poor prognosis (P=0.0969). In 36 cases who underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy, wide resection of the tumors and post-operative adjuvant chemotherapy, increased expression of MT1-MMP resulted in a significant negative prognostic factor for disease-free survival (P=0.0143). Also, co-overexpression of MT1-MMP and MMP-2 showed a tendency to correlate to the reduced disease-free survival (P=0.0502). Increased gelatinase activity was observed in tissues of co-overexpression of MT1-MMP and MMP-2. The results of this study demonstrate the correlation of MT1-MMP expression and the oncological outcome of osteosarcoma patients, suggesting the prognostic significance of these proteins in osteosarcoma patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

[Analysis of complications and prognosis for different types of stroke patients registered between 1993 and 2000 in Aichi Prefecture].

PURPOSE: This study was designed to analyze complications and prognosis for different types of stroke patients registered in Aichi Prefecture between 1993 and 2000. METHODS: A total of 23,979 out of 27,304 registered patients in the Aichi stroke patient registration program with 4 type of strokes (cerebral thrombosis (CRT), cerebral embolism (CRE), intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), and subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH)) were analyzed for complications and prognosis (survival, disability, dementia), with reference to gender, age-groups, and types of stroke. RESULTS: A total of 13,365 (55.7%) male (65.5 +/- 12.2 yr: Mean +/- SD) and 10,614 (44.3%) female (69.7 +/- 13.3 yr) patients were registered. As the type of stroke, CRT comprised the highest percentage, both in males (49.5%) and females (41.1%), followed by ICH (males: 30.4%, females: 29.8%). The percentage of SAH in females (17.3%) was found to be about twice as high as that in males (8.3%). Analyses of complications revealed hypertension to be the greatest risk factor in both sexes (about 50%), followed by history of stroke (males: 20.1%, females: 16.2%). Male patients had a significantly higher overall survival rate (84.7%) than females (81.0%) (P <0.001). SAH was associated with the lowest survival rate in both sexes (about 60%), with statistical significance (P<0.001). Development of disability or/and dementia as sequela of stroke was higher in females (disability: 54.5%, dementia: 21.1%) than in males (44.2%, 15.1%, respectively) (P< 0.001). Logistic regression analyses revealed that the factors most contributing to death were advanced age, a history of stroke, heart disease, and renal insufficiency. For the development of disability and dementia, being femal, of advanced age, with a history of stroke, heart disease, and renal insufficiency were important. Abnormal lipid metabolism appeared to be a protection factor regarding prognosis (survival, disability, dementia). CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrated that hypertension is the most frequently reported complication for all types of stroke except CRE, and logistic regression analyses revealed that the factor contributing most to prognosis (survival, disability, dementia) was a history of stroke. The results suggested the importance of: i) removing hypertansion as the most significant risk factor, as well as diabetes and heart disease in order to prevent strokes; and ii) preventing re-attack(s) of stroke in order to improve the prognosis.

Aged↗
PubMed2006

Poor prognosis of patients with stage Ib1 adenosquamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix with pelvic lymphnode metastasis.

From January 1990 to December 2004, the prognosis of 28 patients with stage Ib1 adenosquamous cell carcinoma (ASC) were assessed in comparison with those of matched counterparts of pure adenocarcinoma (ADC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). The mean ages were 46.6, 48.3, and 48.5 years for patients with ASC, ADC, and SCC, respectively. All the patients underwent radical hysterectomy with pelvic lymphadenectomy and postoperative adjuvant therapy was given to the patients with positive pathological risk. The incidence of lymph node metastasis for ASC at 21.4% was not significantly different from those for ADC (13.6%) and SCC (15.8%). There was also no significant difference in the incidence of lymphatic or vascular space involvement (LVSI) and depth of stromal invasion between three cell types. Since the tumor sizes of all ASC cases examined in this study were less than 4 cm, the prognoses were compared among stage Ib1 disease according to the classification system of the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO). The overall 5-year survival rates of stage Ib1 ASC, ADC, and SCC were 82.4%, 92.4%, and 94.0%, respectively, suggesting poor prognosis of ASC, but there was no significant difference. Patients with stage Ib1 ASC were retrospectively assigned to a low- or high-risk group based on the surgical-pathologic factors including positive lymph node metastasis, 2-4 cm of tumor size, positive LVSI, and/or deep stromal invasion. While all 9 patients in the low-risk group are alive without disease, 7 of the 19 patients in the high-risk group developed recurrence. The overall 5-year survival rates were 100% for a low risk group and 74.8% for a high-risk group, respectively, but this difference did not reach statistical significance. However, the prognosis of high-risk patients with lymph node metastasis was significantly (p=0.01) worse than low-risk group. The present study suggests that ASC histology appears to carry a poor prognosis than SCC, but low-risk group of stage Ib1 ASC has a good prognosis without postoperative adjuvant therapy.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[A possible prognosis score in corticosteroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome].

Chronic glomerular nephropathies in children are marked by an often unfavourable evolution, so that the establishing of a prognosis at the time of the diagnosis is both a professional and a moral duty for the pediatric nephrologists. The estimation of the current practice renal survival prognosis in children with chronic glomerular nephropathies, by using clinical and laboratory elements in different histological forms of primitive chronic glomerulonephritis (CGN), with a minimum period of observation of one year. We analyzed parameters that may intervene in the duration of renal survival: type of CGN, age at the debut of the illness, histological scores of activity and chronicity, the presence of tubular atrophy lesions and that of interstitial fibrosis, renal failure (RF) installment time, in cases with normal renal function at the beginning, the time until the initiation of dialysis in cases with ESRF, respectively. The statistic analysis of data has been carried out with Epi soft (Fischer test). The results have been as follows: unfavourable evolution has been taken into consideration in the cases which have presented fixed nitric retention or which required the initiation of dialysis. The initiation of dialysis was necessary in 19 cases (76%), out of which 11 (44%) having associated between 4 and 6 of the considered risk factors. If the histological type (SFGS, DGS, MPGN) is added to the obtained score, the accuracy of the estimation increases to 89%. In conclusion, the usage of prognosis scores composed of current elements of diagnosis that have proven to have statistical significance, as far as the renal survival prognosis is concerned, may allow the invoking of a medium-term prognosis in the evolution of children with CGN.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

[Correlation of cervical lymphatic metastasis to prognosis of T3-T4 glottic cancer].

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: The cervical lymphatic metastasis rate of glottic cancer is low, and has seldom been reported. This study was to explore the factors related to cervical lymphatic metastasis of T3-T4 glottic cancer, and analyze its correlation to prognosis. METHODS: Clinical data of 83 patients with T3-T4 glottic cancer, treated in Cancer Center of Sun Yat-sen University from 1992 to 2000, were reviewed retrospectively. The lymphatic metastasis rate, distribution of metastatic lymph nodes, influence factors of neck recurrence of cN0 glottic cancer, and correlation of cervical lymphatic metastasis to prognosis of T3-T4 glottic cancer were analyzed. RESULTS: Overall lymphatic metastasis rate was 20.5%. The neck recurrence rate of cN0 patients was 14.3%. Most metastatic lymph nodes located at the ipsilateral levels II, III, and IV, while only 1 located at the contralateral level II. For cN0 patients, there was no difference in the neck recurrence rate between observation group and prophylactic cervical radiation group (P=0.772). Histopathologic differentiation affected the neck recurrence of cN0 patients (P=0.028); while T stage did not relate to the neck recurrence (P=0.217). The prognosis of cN+ patients was poorer than that of cN0 patients (P<0.001). The neck recurrence of CN0 patients did not affect the prognosis (P=0.460). CONCLUSION: Most metastatic lymph nodes of T3-T4 glottic cancer locate at the ipsilateral levels II, III, and IV. Poor differentiation is significantly correlated to high risk of neck recurrence among cN0 patients. However, the recurrence does not affect the prognosis. Close observation should be done to the cervix of cN0 patients; while neck dissection should be done to cN+ patients.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

[The prognosis and cytogenetic characteristics of acute erythroid leukemia: a report of 55 cases].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the prognosis and cytogenetic characteristics of acute erythroid leukemia. METHODS: We selected 55 patients with acute erythroid leukemia and reviewed the cytogenetic characteristics of these cases. With case-control studies, 55 patients were classified as primary or MDS transformed leukemia depending on the absence or presence of MDS history. In addition, we also classified these 55 cases as normal or abnormal karyotype. We analyzed the treatment response to allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation or chemotherapy and the survival and prognosis of all the groups with Kaplan-Meier and Log-Rank. RESULTS: 45 patients and cytogenetic studies and there were 18 cases with normal karyotypes and 27 cases with aberrant karyotypes. The detection rate of chromosomal abnormality was 60.0%. In the cases with chromosomal abnormality, there were 17 cases with multiple chromosomal abnormality and 10 cases with simple chromosomal abnormality. 10 cases had excess of hypodiploid or hyperdiploid. In 18.5% (5/27) of the cases with aberrant karyotypes 5 chromosomes were involved and in 25.9% (7/27) 7 or 8 chromosomes were involved. The 55 patients were followed up and their treatment response was evaluated. In these patients, total complete remission rate was 63.6%. Among them, the complete remission rate of acute erythroid leukemia with MDS history was lower than that without MDS history (42.8% vs 85.2%, P < 0.05). The complete remission rate of acute erythroid leukemia with aberrant karyotypes was lower than that with normal karyotypes (37.0% vs 83.3%, P < 0.01). The median follow-up was 30 months (3 - 79 months). During follow-up, the overall survival and disease-free survival of the patients with aberrant karyotypes or MDS history who received transplantation were longer than those who received chemotherapy (P < 0.01). Chromosomal abnormality and previous MDS history were the major factors that influenced prognosis. 16 patients received allogeneic haemopoietic stem cell transplantation. Among them, 9 cases had aberrant karyotypes and previous MDS history and 4 cases had no response to chemotherapy. After transplantation, 11 cases survived without any disease. The median survival was 28 months and 2-year survival 68.7% (11/16). CONCLUSIONS: Acute erythroid leukemia patients with aberrant karyotypes or MDS history are usually resistant to chemotherapy. The survival of these patients is short and the prognosis poor. Allogeneic haemopoietic stem cell transplantation could improve survival and prognosis. The patients with aberrant karyotypes or MDS history should receive allogeneic haemopoietic stem cell transplantation as early as possible.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Influence of age on the short- and medium-term prognosis in patients with acute myocardial infarct].

Elderly patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) have a higher subsequent mortality than younger ones, yet the reasons for this adverse prognosis are poorly understood. We compared the clinical course and the prognosis of 163 patients aged 40 to 69 years with 112 patients older than 70 years. During hospitalization period 15.9% of younger and 37.5% of older patients died; at 1 year follow-up the cardiac mortality rate was 8.7% in younger and 12.9% in older patients. In elderly patients a greater prevalence of female gender, diabetes mellitus, anterior myocardial infarction, atrial fibrillation and a greater incidence of heart failure and shock were observed. Multivariate stepwise analysis identified shock and heart rate greater than or equal to 90 bpm at the time of admission as the most important prognostic variables for in-hospital mortality in both groups; heart failure (Killip class II and III) was significant in younger patients, while non Q wave myocardial infarction correlated with a better prognosis in elderly. In elderly patients who survived AMI, predischarge Holter monitoring showed higher frequency and complexity of ventricular arrhythmias, and radionuclide angiography lower left ventricular ejection fraction (E.F.) values. In these patients no difference was found in E.F. values despite myocardial infarction sites. At 1 year follow-up E.F. less than 40% and ventricular arrhythmias (3-4 Moss grading system) were significantly related to prognosis in younger patients, while E.F. less than 40% and clinical signs of heart failure in elderly. Therefore, low E.F. and heart failure account for a worse prognosis in elderly patients, while ventricular arrhythmias in younger ones. The results of this study support aggressive management even in elderly patients following AMI to preserve left ventricular function. In elderly patients a large use of antiarrhythmic drugs is not recommended because of low prognostic value of ventricular arrhythmias.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Relationship between the prognosis and the morphology of stromal invasion of the breast cancer].

I studied on the relationship between the prognosis and the invasion of the breast cancer clinicopathologically. Eight hundred and thirty-nine cases which had invasive cancer foci and mastectomized between 1950 and 1964 at the Cancer Institute Hospital were analyzed. The largest length of the invasive focus was measured histologically as the invasion size. To evaluate quality of the invasion, all invasive foci were analyzed about the composition of 5 morphological types of invasion, which consisted of one type with tubular formation (papillotubular-cribriform) and 4 types without tubular formation (medullary, small nest, pure scirrhous and mucinous). With proportion to the invasion size, 10-year survival rates were gradually diminishing. Cases with 20mm or less invasion size had better prognosis than cases with more than 20mm invasion size. Between tumors consisted with only one morphological type of invasion and tumors consisted of more than one types, the former had better prognosis than the latter. Cases with tubular formation had better prognosis than cases without tubular formation. In conclusion, the invasion size was the most valuable prognostic factor. About quality of the invasion, invasion focus consisted of only one histological type of invasion or of tubular formation was the indicator for better prognosis.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1991

[Importance of the histopathological type of the tumor as a parameter for recurrence and for prognosis of gastric cancers].

Importance of histopathological type of tumor for the prediction of recurrence and prognosis of gastric cancers was analysed in 4419 patients who underwent surgery in Aichi Cancer Center during the 23 years from 1965 to 1987. Correlation of initial recurrence site and the histology of the tumor was examined by the categorical discriminant analysis in 617 patients. Among these patients, 62% of liver metastasis was caused by well differentiated type cancers whereas 71% of peritoneal recurrence was poorly differentiated type cancers. Cox's regression tree type analysis was performed for 2893 cases with curative gastrectomy and the maximum difference in risk ratio was observed whether the tumor microscopically penetrated the serosal layer of the stomach. Difference of the prognosis due to histopathological type of the tumor appeared after correction of the s and n factors and in the early stages poorly differentiated type had better prognosis than well differentiated type cancers. On the contrary, in more advanced cases well differentiated type tumors had much better prognosis than poorly differentiated type cancers. From these results, we suggest that the consideration of histopathological type of the tumor should be implemented as an important parameter for the evaluation of prognosis of the gastric cancers.

Female↗
PubMed1990

[Analysis of multiple stepwise regression for prognosis in patients with bacterial pneumonias in elderly].

This paper was based on the material of 100 patients with elderly bacterial pneumonias, doing analysis of multiple stepwise regression for factors effecting prognosis with IBC-PC electronic computer. 100 patients (82 men, 18 women), average ages were 69.6 +/- 7.9 (60-90) years. According to the materials of clinical selected 39 items of possible affect prognosis factors. Item is independent variable (xi). The prognosis is emergency variable (y). Between both were doing analysis of regression, factors of significance were selected to multiple regression equation. In order to decide the closer relations degree between the xi and the y the F values were regulated. Using quantitative analysis and measure, the primary factors were founded. When F value is equal to 1, selected 22 factors related to prognosis. F value is equal to 2, selected factors decrease to 12, F value is equal to 3, selected factors were 6 items. Respectively, F value is 4, 5, selected factors were 5 items, they have very close regression coefficient. That showed the equation was tendency stable. According to the big or small standard regression coefficient, the sequence of affecting prognosis factors were course of disease, upper digestive tract haemorrhage, dielectric disorder, respiratory failure and gram-negative bacilli infection. The result of analysis showed that the key factors were: treatment and diagnosis without delay, pay great attention to examine of pathogen and management of complication.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

[Clinical studies on endocrine therapy of prostatic carcinoma (2): Prognosis of patients with prostatic carcinoma given endocrine therapy, and analyses of causes of death and side effects of endocrine therapy].

Of 572 patients with prostatic carcinoma, 497 received endocrine therapy as the initial treatment. These patients were surveyed in a cooperative research study by members from five universities. Prognosis, causes of death and side effects of estrogen therapy were studied. The prognosis of patients who had received endocrine therapy became worse, as the stage progressed. The prognosis of those who had received a combination of estrogen therapy with castration tended to be better than that of those who had received estrogen therapy alone. Similarly, the prognosis of those who had received a combination of progesterone therapy with castration tended to be better than that of those who had had progesterone therapy alone. No relationship was found between estrogen doses (low, medium and high) and prognosis, although a precise comparison among the three could not be made because of the smaller number of patents with low doses. A high dose of estrogen may not always be the indication, rather a medium dose such as 300 mg diethylstilbestrol diphosphate may be clinically appropriate. The cause of death could be identified in 303 patients who had received endocrine therapy. Cancer-related death was the most frequent (63.7%), and cardio- or cerebrovascular death accounted for only 14.2% of the cases. When this analysis was confined to the patients who had received estrogen therapy, estrogen administration seemed to be the cause of cardio- or cerebrovascular death of 16.1% of the patients. Daily dosing of estrogen was not definitely related to the incidence, or the interval to cardio- or cerebrovascular death. However, among the patients who had died of cardio- or cerebrovascular disease, 50% of the patients who had received a medium or high dose of estrogen tended to die within two years after treatment, while 50% of those who had received a low dose died within three years.

Cause of Death↗
PubMed1989

[Pathophysiology and prognosis in malignant hypertension: comparison by underlying diseases].

Pathophysiological characteristics and long-term prognosis were studied retrospectively in 69 malignant hypertensives associated with grade III or IV retinopathy and the diastolic blood pressure greater than 120 mmHg. Thirty three (48%) cases had essential hypertension (EHT) as the underlying disease, 26 (38%) as chronic glomerulonephritis (CGN), and the remaining 10 (14%) as others including chronic pyelonephritis, renovascular hypertension, hydronephrosis, multiple calyceal diverticula, and unknown original disease. The role of the renin-angiotensin system in malignant hypertension was investigated by measuring plasma renin activity (PRA) and determining the blood pressure response to angiotensin (ANG)II antagonist, (Sar1, Ile8) ANG II. Basal PRA was significantly higher in the EHT group than the CGN group, and the ANG II antagonist-induced reduction of blood pressure was only evident in the former group. The regression analysis revealed that PRA was linearly correlated with both mean blood pressure (MBP) and serum creatinine prior to antihypertensive treatment in the EHT group but not in CGN patients, although there was inverse correlation between PRA and serum sodium in both groups. Therefore, the renin-angiotensin system seems to play a significant role in elevating blood pressure and deteriorating renal function in malignant hypertension developed from EHT, while it is less important in that from CGN. The 5-year survival rate was 90% in total 69 patients with malignant hypertension, while the 5-year renal survival rate defined as the probability of surviving without maintenance hemodialysis was 37%, indicating that the treatment with hemodialysis as well as antihypertensive drug therapy contributed to an improvement of prognosis of malignant hypertension. The EHT group showed a poor prognosis for life compared with the CGN group, while in the latter group most patients rapidly developed endstage renal failure. Although the pretreatment serum creatinine levels were matched, the renal function more rapidly deteriorated after development of malignant hypertension in the CGN group than did in the EHT group, indicating renal survival rate to be shorter in the former group. Hence, underlying diseases may affect the long-term prognosis of malignant hypertension. The results obtained from this study suggest that the pathophysiological characteristics of malignant hypertension are different and its long-term prognosis is varied by underlying diseases such as EHT and CGN.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[The DNA content of bladder carcinoma in relation to pathologic grading, staging and prognosis: a flow cytometric study].

DNA ploidy analysis of 90 paraffin embedded specimens in bladder carcinoma were carried out by flow cytometry (FCM). Emphasis was paid on grade II tumors which usually have variable clinical course. DNA ploid level determined by FCM correlates highly with pathologic grade, stage, and prognosis of bladder carcinoma. Among grade II tumors, the patients with diploid and peridiploid carcinoma had a favourable prognosis whereas the patients with aneuploidy of high average DNA index had a bad prognosis, in particular, those with triploid and peritriploid tumors had poorer prognosis. DNA ploid level by which the prognosis of patients with bladder carcinoma is evaluated, appears to be more accurate than pathologic grade and clinical stage, particularly stage T0-T or grade II tumors. It therefore can serve as a tumor marker in bladder carcinomas.

Carcinoma, Transitional Cell↗
PubMed1989

Medullary thyroid carcinoma: prognosis of familial versus nonfamilial disease and the role of radiotherapy.

A retrospective study of 202 patients with medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) diagnosed between 1943 and 1987 was done to compare the prognosis of patients with sporadic disease and those with the familial form of multiple endocrine neoplasia type II (MEN-II) and to study the effect of radiotherapy. The relationship between serum calcitonin (iCT), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) to the extent of disease and prognosis was also studied. Patients with MEN-II had significantly longer survival rates than did patients with the sporadic variety (P less than 0.005), but most patients with sporadic disease were older and had more advanced disease. No differences in survival rates were found when patients from these two groups were matched for age and extent of disease (P greater than 0.7). When patients who received radiotherapy were matched for age, extent of disease, and surgery with patients who had had no radiotherapy, the latter group was found to live significantly longer (P less than 0.05). Our studies suggested (1) that the apparently poor prognosis of patients with sporadic MTC may be related to the patients' older age at detection rather than to inherent differences in the two forms of disease, (2) radiotherapy has little effect on MTC, (3) calcitonin gene-related peptide measurement was not helpful in determining the extent of disease or prognosis, (4) patients with liver metastasis had the highest iCT levels, (5) patients with bone metastasis had the highest CEA levels, and (6) patients with diarrhea had poor prognosis and had high iCT levels.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

[Reevaluation of the histological classification of breast cancer--a presentation of a new histological classification considering the relationship between scirrhous tendency and postoperative prognosis].

The present study was designed to evaluate the correlation between the histology and the prognosis of the patients with breast cancer. In this study, 1271 cases with breast cancer were retrospectively studied and an attempt of a new histological classification was presented, which was intended to reflect the prognosis more exactly than the ordinarily used classification by Japan Mammary Cancer Society. Japan Mammary Cancer Society classifies infiltrating carcinoma into 3 types; papillotubular, medullary tubular and scirrhous carcinoma. In this study, when scirrhous interstitial infiltration was observed in papillotubular or medullary tubular carcinoma, even if scirrhous tendency was observed only in small part, the patients' prognosis was as poor as scirrhous carcinoma. The prognosis of common type of infiltrating carcinoma with scirrhous tendency corresponded to that of one grade advanced stage without scirrhous tendency. Considering these results and clinical usefulness, common type of infiltrating carcinoma should be classified to 2 types, namely with or without scirrhous tendency in order to reflect the prognosis and to correspond to WHO classification.

Adenocarcinoma, Scirrhous↗
PubMed1988

Carcinoma of the ampulla of Vater: expression of cancer-associated antigens inversely correlated with prognosis.

To obtain some useful pathologic indicators for predicting the prognosis in carcinomas of the ampulla of Vater, we analyzed 24 surgically resected ampullary carcinomas pathologically with immunohistochemistry of cancer-associated antigens. Pancreatic invasion, lymph node metastasis, and histology of the tumor were significantly correlated with poor prognosis (p less than 0.01), but the size or ulceration of the tumor did not significantly affect the prognosis (p less than 0.05). Immunohistochemically, diffuse positivity for anti-CA19-9 monoclonal antibody was demonstrated in 10 carcinomas and that for anti-carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), in 10. Eight of them showed synchronously diffuse immunoreactivities for both antigens. Although there was no significant correlation between diffuse positivity for CA19-9 and pathologic factors, CA19-9-positive cases exhibited significantly poor prognoses (p less than 0.01). Diffuse positivity for CEA was correlated with pancreatic invasion (p less than 0.05) and poor prognosis (p less than 0.05). Immunohistochemical study of cancer-associated antigens may disclose some malignant potential of ampullary carcinoma other than that expressed in the morphology. Furthermore, because of the consistency of staining results, immunohistochemistry of cancer-associated antigens may also be useful in predicting preoperatively the prognosis of ampullary carcinoma in biopsied materials.

Actuarial Analysis↗
PubMed1988

Prognosis-determined rehabilitation of hip fractures.

Hip fracture patients were selected for rehabilitation using a prognostic scheme created by multiple linear discriminant analysis. The outcome of positive or negative rehabilitation prognosis was depicted graphically against time. The majority of patients (77%) who had been admitted from their own homes had a good prognosis, and 84% of them returned home within 2 months. The optimum rehabilitation time for patients with a negative prognosis was reached 4 months post-fracture, by which time most of them had either returned to their own or to an old people's home. Although the majority (84%) from the latter had a negative prognosis, more than half (53%) were rehabilitated within 2 months. Prognosis-determined rehabilitation was found to be effective. Cost efficient management of the increasing number of fractures in the elderly demands short hospitalization and minimum institutional reconvalescence.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Transplantation of human osteosarcoma into nude mouse--correlation between experiment results and prognosis of patients.

We have made experiments on transplantation of human osteosarcoma into nude mice, and investigated the correlation between experiment results and prognosis of donor patients. Tumor take was observed in 36 of 60 cases (60%) in the initial transplantation, 23 cases (38.3%) in the second passage and 16 cases in the serial transfer of three passages or more. Clinical prognosis was classified into three categories and analyzed. As to the correlation between positive or negative tumor take in the 2nd passage and presence or absence of metastasis, there was a significant relationship was found between tumor take and metastasis. Then, in mice with serially transplantable tumor, the correlation between experiment results and postmetastatic prognosis was investigated. In cases with low tumor growth index, persistence of zone formation and low alkaline phosphatase level, postmetastatic prognosis was good with statistical significance. Consequently, these experiments are highly useful for prediction of clinical prognosis.

Adolescent↗