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At least 343 records · Page 19Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Transplantation of the meniscus in dogs--preliminary report].

A preliminary investigation of the allogenic transplantation of the meniscus without the vascular bundle was carried out in 4 adult dogs with 8 knees. In one operation session on 2 dogs at 2 operative tables and with two operative teams an identical surgical procedure in general anaesthesia was done. A medial parapatellar incision of the knee was used, the medial capsule and the collateral ligament near its proximal insertion were severed. Explanted medial menisci were exchanged and the meniscus from the other dog was put in position of the explanted one and fixed with 3 tangentially placed sutures (posterior, medial and anterior) which were taken out through the capsule and teid extra-articularly; there was no immobilisation, and after 3 weeks the identical operation was done on the other knee. The animals were sacrificed 4-5 months after the operation, the knees were dissected and observed. In all 8 knees transplanted menisci were completely healed around their periphery, however their appearance was rather changed. They were narrower, thinner, and of different colour and consistency. The transplanted menisci were removed and conserved in 10% (formalin) for the further investigation. It is concluded that the allogenic meniscal transplantation without the vascular bundle is possible and that the further investigation of this problem is justified.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

One-stage vs. two-stage adjustable sutures for the correction of esotropia.

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to evaluate the stability and the level of postoperative consciousness, nausea and vomiting, ocular pain, starting oral intake and activity, and cost-effectiveness in patients undergoing medial rectus recession surgery using an adjustable suture technique that was performed by two different methods. METHOD: In this prospective study, we evaluated 78 patients undergoing medial rectus recession surgery. Thirty-eight patients were operated by a one-stage technique in which the whole operation was done under topical anesthesia and adjustment was done on the operating table, while 40 patients were operated by a two-stage technique in which the operation was done under general anesthesia and adjustment was done the following day at the patient's bedside. The results were recorded and compared according to the parameters given above. A scoring system was used to assess all these parameters except for stability. The stability of the procedures was evaluated according to the degrees of squint immediately after the adjustment and at least three months thereafter. RESULTS: There was no significant difference between the procedures with regard to stability and ocular pain. During the early postoperative period, the level of consciousness was better and nausea and vomiting occurred less frequently in the patients operated by the one-stage procedure. Postoperative activity and oral intake returned to normal status more quickly in the one-stage group and the one-stage procedure was cost-effective. CONCLUSION: We conclude that although both procedures provide satisfactory and stable results, the one-stage procedure has significant advantages over the two-stage procedure for medial rectus recession surgery in suitable cases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Laparoscopic surgery--basic armamentarium.

The introduction of laparoscopic techniques into standard intracavitary surgery has received widespread acceptance in North American surgical practice in a very short time. To complete these procedures successfully a basic armamentarium is required by surgeons. The equipment should provide safe conduct of the procedure and maximum flexibility in the types of surgical procedures to be undertaken. The basic laparoscopic equipment needed to facilitate minimal-access-site surgery is reviewed, from the operating table and lighting in the operating room through optics, cameras and television monitors to the instruments and agents needed for the surgical techniques and for securing hemostasis.

Hemostasis, Surgical↗
PubMed1991

Epidemiology of sharps accidents in general surgery.

A prospective study was carried out of all general surgical operations in one theatre of a teaching hospital over a 6-week period to identify the predisposing factors involved in the occurrence of sharps accidents and their relative importance. Although various predisposing factors have been intimated, the relative importance has never been ascertained. Glove puncture was used as an objective measure of a sharps accident and this was compared with subjective reporting of needlestick injury. The overall rate of sharps accidents per surgeon per operation was 23%. The position at the operating table and medical rank of operator affected the rate of accidents more than duration of operation. The group at most risk of sharps accidents was junior surgeons acting as the principal operator. It is important to recommend inoculation against hepatitis B in this group before starting surgical training. Another method of minimizing the risk to junior surgeons would be compulsory training on surgical rigs. Operations on patients with AIDS or hepatitis B should be carried out by the most senior surgeon available to reduce the risk of sharps injury and disease transmission.

Accidents, Occupational↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Precautions to be taken from the anesthesiologic point of view during venous surgery in the obese].

Certain precautions must be taken in venous surgery on the obese patient, as obesity is always accompanied by a number of particular pathological manifestations: haemodynamic disorders (breakdown of the functioning of the left ventricle and hypovolemia), or respiratory disorders (reduction of residual functional capacity and of expiratory volume of the reserve). The posture of the patient on the operating table can also exacerbate the operative risk. Prior to the operation, respiratory functional exploration and gymnastics therefore play an important role. The anaesthetic has to take account of certain considerations. After the operation, the main risk is of respiratory deficiency.

Anesthesia↗
PubMed1994

Surgical correction of ptosis in ocular fibrosis syndrome.

The surgical management of ptosis is reported in seven patients suffering from the ocular fibrosis syndrome. Satisfactory results were obtained with bilateral Crawford type brow suspension with autologous fascia lata in six patients and bilateral Fox type brow suspension with stored fascia lata in a young child. As patients with ocular fibrosis syndrome usually exhibit little or no Bell's phenomenon, corneal exposure can become a problem after brow suspension. It was recommended that the lids are left just closed on the operating table at the end of the operation. None of the patients required a subsequent procedure to lower an overcorrection of the ptosis. The routine prescription of ocular lubricants for 2 months after ptosis correction is advocated. Urgent brow suspension in young children using non-autologous materials should only be considered if there is a risk of amblyopia.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

A comparison between intermittent and continuous transurethral resection of the prostate.

123 transurethral resections of the prostate were studied. The operations were randomized to either continuous or intermittent technique. The first 64 operations were performed using an irrigating fluid pressure head of 65 cm (measured from the top of the operating table). In the rest of the operations an 80 cm pressure head was used. In this way four groups were obtained comprising 30 to 31 patients, differing from each other in respect of irrigating technique. Isotonic 5% mannitol solution was used as an irrigating fluid. The irrigating fluid absorptions were calculated from the plasma mannitol levels determined immediately postoperatively. The use of a trocar significantly lessened the average absorbed fluid volume, while there was no significant difference between the groups of high and low irrigating fluid pressure head. The intraoperative bleeding, the decrease in serum sodium, the resection time and resection rate did not differ significantly between the four groups.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A historical review of the histology of patent autogenous vein grafts and vein patches.

The literature on the histological changes occurring in autogenous vein grafts and patches was reviewed. Over 307 grafts (235 animal and 72 human) and 30 patches (28 animal and 2 human) have been described. Grafts were investigated from patients who died on the operating table up to 22 years after operation. Intimal thickening and various changes in the media (including necrosis and replacement fibrosis) occurred. Dilatation of vein grafts has occurred, and anerysm formation has been reported. Atheroma has been described in the grafts from 5 patients.

Aneurysm↗
PubMed1998

Working conditions and duties of nurses in Byzantium.

From the beginning of the Christian Era, nurses in Byzantium were female and belonged to the Church. These women were called deaconesses and received no payment. Later on, there were professional nurses; the men were called hypourgoi and the women hypourgisses. Their main duties were: Psychological support of patients, everyday care of patients' bodily needs and elementary comfort, cleaning of patients and providing them with proper food, the administration of medicines according to a doctor's instructions, supervising wards when the physicians were not present, the performance of enemas, cuppings and bloodletting, the main therapeutic means used at that time, the placing of patients on the operating table and the performance of minor operations. In the present study details are also given about woking hours and the nourishment and payment of nurses.

Byzantium↗
PubMed1977

Environmental factors and work performance of foundry workers.

Environmental factors such as atmospheric conditions, lighting, noise, and dust in foundry factories of different sizes were evaluated by direct physical measurements and a subjective rating method using an ergonomic checklist. Working postures and subjective feelings of fatigue of the workers were analyzed in various types of foundry shops. The results showed that work load was highly connected with poor working postures and unfavorable arrangement of work space as well as with poor workplace environment, particularly in terms of dust and noise. Forward bending and squatting positions, which were attributable to the manual working height on or just above the floor level, occupied 70--90% of the actual working time handling large-sized casts, while the work using a table allowed workers more frequent erect standing postures. It seemed essential to redesign the fundamental working processes and to improve the work surface height. A comparison was then made as to performance patterns and electromyographic activities of main muscles between the traditional molding work on the floor and the work at a newly developed hydraulic lift-table operated by foot pedals. The new table assured the worker of an optimal standing position and proved to be an effective means of redesigning the work space.

Efficiency↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Chest wall implants: their use for pectus excavatum, pectoralis muscle tears, Poland's syndrome, and muscular insufficiency.

Solid customized and prefabricated silicone implants have been used by the author for 15 years in a wide range of chest wall deformities. Chest wall implants are often used in males seeking to augment a muscularly deficient or underdeveloped chest; however, their greatest use has come in a variety of deformities both congenital and acquired, such as pectus excavatum, Poland's Syndrome, and pectoralis muscle tears. The implants can be either customized using a moulage technique or are prefabricated, manufactured implants which can be modified on the operating table to repair the contour deformity. The immediate postoperative problem of seroma and subcutaneous implant "show" has been minimized by careful planning, gentle technique, deep insertion, improved patient positioning on the operating room table, and the use of oral anti-inflammatory medications. The long-term results of these implants seem very satisfactory. The patients are usually physically active, and the implants show no long-term sequelae such as seroma, infection, displacement, or rupture.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Congenital stenosis of lumbar spinal canal: comparison of results of surgical treatment for this and other causes of lumbar syndrome.

The operative results in 37 consecutive patients suffering from developmental stenosis of the lumbar spinal canal, compared with those in spondylosis and disc herniations, are discussed. The diagnostic certainty of stenosis, suspected on the bases of clinical and radiographic data, is reached only at the operating table. To judge the usefulness of the operation we have considered not only the patients' verdicts, but also the improvements in neurological signs and the appearance of new deficits. Satisfactory results are around 80%, slightly less good with stenosis than with the other causes of lumbar syndrome. Radiographic study with contrast medium is mandatory. Dimer-X has been used with very clear radiographic findings and very few complications. Operating technique is also described: a wide laminectomy with facetectomy is advised. The great importance of early physiotherapy is emphasized.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Clinical value of computer-generated acrylic skull replicas produced by laser lithography.

To determine for what deformity and utility the computer-generated acrylic (CGA) skull replica has the greatest value, we analyzed retrospectively a consecutive series of patients with craniomaxillofacial deformities (N = 54) whose treatment involved the utilization of CGA skull replicas. Application of the CGA skull replica was divided retrospectively into four groups: (1) use as an aid for preoperative analysis of osseous deformity, (2) use as material for preoperative surgical simulation, (3) use as a navigational aid during an operation, and (4) use as a negative template. Based on the aspects of these utilizations, we evaluated for what deformity the CGA skull replica was useful. Analysis of the data led us to conclude the following. First, the CGA skull replica is a valuable tool in craniomaxillofacial surgery, especially for patients with asymmetrical deformities and delicate convexities and concavities of the skull surface. Second, the largest function that CGA skull replicas can satisfy is standardization of craniomaxillofacial surgery. In carrying out preoperative surgical simulation utilizing a replica, drawing osteotomy lines on it, sterilizing it, and then bringing it to the operating table for consultation whenever required during an operation, we are able to proceed with greater precision and speed than if it was not available.

Acrylic Resins↗
PubMed1963

Useful measures in the prevention of deep vein thrombosis in the legs.

THE THREE PROBABLE FACTORS INVOLVED IN DEEP VENOUS THROMBOSIS ARE: (1) stasis, (2) alteration in the endothelium of the veins, and (3) alteration in the clotting mechanism of the blood.Control of stasis is assisted by elevation of the foot of the bed and by the use of washable elastic stockings and early ambulation, together with foot exercises. To prevent damage to the endothelium of the veins during operation, the heels should be elevated off the operating table by means of a small rolled towel in order to take weight off the calf muscles. The use of elastic stockings demonstrated in diagrams and some of the fallacies in connection with their use are outlined.

Bandages↗
PubMed1990

The ophthalmology of Fabricius Hildanus in the 17th century.

Wilhelm Fabricius, born in Hilden, near Düsseldorf, (Fabricius Hildanus) lived from 1560 until 1634. He had been working as physician and surgeon in Switzerland. He left a voluminous literature posthumously edited as 'Opera observationum et curationum medicochirurgicarum'. It is a compendium of 600 extremely interesting pathological cases, some of them in form of letters to close colleagues. Ophthalmology is represented by quite a big chapter, one of them reports a successfully performed exenteratio orbitae because of a tumor. Further parts, for example, describe special ophthalmic twizzers with certain fixing mechanisms and some kind of an operation table equipped by an adjustable prop for the operator's arm. Fabricius points out that after perforation of the eye the loss of aqueous humour is not consequently noxious. He, too, demonstrates the treatment of a symblepharon and describes amongst other therapies the first successful magnetic extraction of an iron foreign body out of the eye in ophthalmic history.

Germany↗
PubMed2000

Acupressure wristbands do not prevent postoperative nausea and vomiting after urological endoscopic surgery.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy of acupressure wristbands in the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV). METHODS: Two hundred ASA I-II patients undergoing elective endoscopic urological procedures were included in a randomized, prospective, double blind, placebo-controlled study. Spherical beads of acupressure wristbands were placed at the P6 points in the anterior surface of both forearms in Group I patients (acupressure group, n = 100) whereas, in Group 2 (control group, n = 100) they were placed inappropriately on the posterior surface. The acupressure wristbands were applied 30 min before induction of anesthesia and were removed six hours postoperatively. Anesthesia was induced with thiopental and maintained with nitrous oxide and oxygen, fentanyl, isoflurane and vecuronium. The tracheas were extubated on the operation table after patients received neostigmine and atropine. Post operative nausea and vomiting were evaluated separately as none, mild, moderate or severe at the time of patient's arrival in PACU, then at six hours and twenty-four hours after surgery by a blinded observer. RESULTS: In the acupressure group, 25 patients had PONV compared with 29 patients in the control group (P = NS). CONCLUSION: Application of acupressure wristbands at the P6 of both forearms 30 min before induction of anesthesia did not decrease the incidence of PONV in patients undergoing endoscopic urological procedures.

Acupressure↗