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At least 343 records · Page 19Linked to original sources
PubMed2003

Precision of a needle localization technic in the lumbosacral multifidus muscles for segmental specific needle electromyographic study: a cadaveric study.

The authors studied 14 cadavers to evaluate the claimed precision of needle placement into segment specific multifidus fascicles when using the "paraspinal mapping" electromyographic technic. Injection of acrylic dye was made according to landmarks proposed by Haig. The dissection showed 86.6 per cent of the injected dye in the correct fascicles. Only 1.4 per cent of the dye was lost. Spinous process level misidentification was the cause of the other 11.8 per cent incorrect injection. The authors expected that in living humans, in which the spinous processes are move identificable than embalmed cadavers, the precisions may be as high as 98.5 per cent. This remains to be studied in a further "in vivo" study.

Cadaver↗
PubMed1988

[Needle electromyography with sonographic control of needle position].

High resolution ultrasound provides excellent imaging of mimic muscles. In contrast to clinical examination, single muscles can be well defined and by real time imaging be observed during function. Since an EMG-needle electrode is also visible the puncture of small muscles or muscle-segments can be achieved with great exactness under sonographic control. The result of the electromyographic studies can, therefore, be related to individual muscles or muscle-segments.

Blepharoptosis↗
PubMed1995

Impact of increased legal access to needles and syringes on community pharmacies' needle and syringe sales--Connecticut, 1992-1993.

In May 1992, the Connecticut legislature passed new laws aimed at increasing injecting drug users' (IDUs) access to sterile needles and syringes (syringes); as of July 1992, pharmacists were permitted to sell and individuals were permitted to possess up to 10 syringes without medical prescriptions (nonprescription syringes). We evaluated the impact of the new laws by conducting (1) prospective surveillance of syringe sales and policies at selected community pharmacies (pharmacies) and (2) a telephone survey of pharmacy managers' reports of syringe sales and policies at a statewide stratified random sample of pharmacies. Our data provide direct evidence that most, but not all, Connecticut pharmacies sold nonprescription syringes when permitted to do so by the new laws. For example, using the telephone survey data, we estimate that during November, 1993, 83% [95% CI: 77-89%] of all Connecticut pharmacies sold nonprescription syringes and 56,000 [95% CI: 44,000-68,000] nonprescription syringes were sold, during November 1993. Our data provide indirect evidence that IDUs were purchasing nonprescription syringes at pharmacies. For example, in five Hartford pharmacies located in neighborhoods where injection drug use was prevalent, the total number of nonprescription syringes sold per month increased significantly from 460 in July 1992 to 2,482 in June 1993 (p = 0.0001). The data suggest that the new laws increased IDUs' access to sterile syringes in Connecticut.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, U.S.↗
PubMed2000

CT-guided transthoracic needle biopsy of pulmonary nodules smaller than 20 mm: results with an automated 20-gauge coaxial cutting needle.

AIMS: To evaluate the efficacy and the complication rate of CT-guided percutaneous lung biopsy of pulmonary nodules smaller than 20 mm in diameter using a 20-gauge coaxial automated biopsy device. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A prospective study was undertaken of 200 patients who underwent 202 consecutive biopsies of pulmonary nodules, performed with a single type of automated biopsy device. Sixty-seven biopsies of nodules smaller than 20 mm in diameter were performed in 66 patients (group A). One hundred and thirty-five biopsies of lesions of 20 mm or greater in size were performed in 134 patients (group B). Patient characteristics, lesion and procedure variables, the accuracy and complication rates were compared. RESULTS: In group A, the final diagnosis of the nodules was malignant in 47 and benign in 19 cases (prevalence of malignancy 71. 2%). In group B, there were 111 malignant and 21 benign diagnoses (prevalence of malignancy 82.2%). In group A, the sensitivity and specificity for a diagnosis of malignancy were 89.5 and 100%, respectively (positive predictive value 100%, negative predictive value 76%). A specific diagnosis of benignity was obtained in nine out of 19 (47%) biopsies. The pneumothorax rate was 15% (10 patients) of which two (3%) required drainage. CT signs thought to reflect alveolar haemorrhage were noted in 28 (43%) and haemoptysis occurred in five patients (5.9%). In group B, the sensitivity and specificity for a diagnosis of malignancy were 95.5% and 100%, respectively (positive predictive value 100%, negative predictive value 82.7%). A specific diagnosis of benignity was made in 14 cases (58.3%). Complications included pneumothoraces in 22 cases (16.2%) requiring drainage in one (0.7%). Presumed alveolar haemorrhage was recorded in 19 cases (14.1%) and haemoptysis occurred in seven (5. 2%). There were no significant differences between group A and group B, except for alveolar haemorrhage (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: The accuracy and complication rate of percutaneous CT-guided biopsy of nodules smaller than 20 mm, performed using an automated 20-gauge coaxial biopsy device, are comparable to those for larger lesions.

Adult↗