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At least 343 records · Page 19Linked to original sources
PubMed2006

The reading, writing, and arithmetic of the medical literature, part 3: critical appraisal of primary research.

OBJECTIVE: To offer suggestions that will help clinicians improve their scrutiny of the medical literature and apply these suggestions to their own medical writings. DATA SOURCES: Literature searches began at the National Library of Medicine's online database and were traced to primary sources. STUDY SELECTION: Studies were selected for their ability to provide historical background, discuss the aspects of study design and statistical analysis, and explore important facets of reading and writing medical manuscripts. RESULTS: Physician readers will become more proficient in their skills as both users and creators of the medical literature. CONCLUSIONS: Reading and interpretation of the medical literature requires a set of skills that can be learned. Similarly, good medical writing skills can be developed. Achieving these skills will enhance the clinician's practice of medicine.

Authorship↗
PubMed2005

The reading, writing, and arithmetic of the medical literature, part 1.

OBJECTIVE: To offer suggestions that will help clinicians improve their scrutiny of the medical literature and apply these suggestions to their own medical writings. DATA SOURCES: Literature searches began at the National Library of Medicine's online database and were traced to primary sources. STUDY SELECTION: All referenced information in this article was cited from primary sources. RESULTS: Objective criteria should be used when assessing the quality of clinical research reports and writing accurate, substantive reports. When reading or writing a journal article, authors should ask themselves if it meets the following standards of high quality: Is the topic or problem important and relevant to current practice? Is the stated reason for the study design valid? Is the description of the study methods clear enough to allow for replication by other researchers? What interventions are being compared, and is the comparison reasonable? Is the number of patients in the study sufficient to show a statistically significant difference? Do the study results have clinical relevance? Are new findings described in relation to the literature? Are both positive and negative aspects of the study addressed? Is the existing literature cited sufficiently? Do the results support the conclusions? CONCLUSION: Reading and interpreting the medical literature require a set of skills that can be learned. Similarly, good medical writing skills can be developed. Achieving these skills should enhance the clinician's practice of medicine.

Authorship↗
PubMed2005

Some notes on medical English.

Writing medical papers is a challenge in any language, but writing in a foreign language such as English can be especially difficult. This paper provides some suggestions on how to overcome common problems in preparing medical papers and presentations, for writers whose native language isn't English. Stylistic and grammatical peculiarities of the English language are considered, as well as Americanizations of Latin terminology, scientific ("international") notation, variations in usage between Britain and the U.S.A., scientific and ethical standards of medical publications in English, and some resources for foreign-language researchers who want to compose papers or presentations in English.

Journalism, Medical↗
PubMed1983

Writing courses in American medical schools.

U.S. medical schools were surveyed to determine the extent and nature of instruction in medical writing. Of the 101 schools responding, only 15 offered writing courses. Seven of the 15 offered only brief seminars or workshops. The other eight offered full-term courses (greater than eight weeks or more than 15 hours of instruction). Those not offering courses indicated a need but claimed lack of time, lack of interest on the part of those needing instruction, or lack of qualified faculty members as major reasons for not having the courses. These obstacles can be overcome by designing the writing course to complement existing elements of the curriculum and by soliciting the help of writing specialists on campus.

Curriculum↗
PubMed2004

Problems faced by editors of peer reviewed medical journals.

Forty-six medical and dental journals are published from Pakistan of which only 29 are currently recognized by the Pakistan Medical and Dental Council. Only a few are peer reviewed. Six are indexed in Medline while EMBASE Excerpta Medica and World Health Organization Index Medicus for Eastern Mediterranean Region cover others. Editors of the peer reviewed medical journals are faced with numerous problems, which relate to the authors. Some of these are: shortage of quality of manuscripts, poor quality of reviewers, problems with indexation in international indexing services particularly Medline, duplicate submission and authorship and lastly, financial problems. Patronage from the Pharma industry is the major source of revenue which itself has serious implications. Editing a medical journal is a very stressful job and the editors have to work under too many pressures. A lot of useful data is presented at medical conferences, but a vast majority of it remains unpublished for various reasons, which adversely affects the citation rate from scientists from the developing third world countries in the world of medical literature. A few lectures on medical writing and research methodology to final year medical students will expose them to the art of medical writing. Specialty organizations can be persuaded to have a session on medical writing at their conferences, which will be extremely helpful not only to the potential new authors but also others, thereby improving the quality of their manuscripts. In addition to regular seminars, workshops for authors, reviewers and training courses for editors, subscribing to local medical journals by healthcare professionals and libraries are some of the measures that will help improve the situation to a great extent.

Abstracting and Indexing↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Quality of medical order writing in general practice facilities (Sousse, Tunisia)].

BACKGROUND: A medical order is a medical and legal document; careful writing of this document enables the reduction of many therapeutic errors. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to evaluate the quality of order writing in Tunisian primary healthcare centres. METHODS: This was a transversal descriptive survey of 2586 medical orders. The quality of the writing was assessed using two parameters: its legibility and the information delivered in it. RESULTS: Among the main results, 36% of orders contained at least 50% of the items retained, 25% of orders were completely illegible, and the quality of writing was considered good in 14% of cases. DISCUSSION: The study showed that hand-written orders in primary healthcare are far from complying with the medico-legal requirements. The teaching of order-writing technique and its computerisation are needed to improve the quality of medical prescribing.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

The reading, writing, and arithmetic of the medical literature, part 2: critical evaluation of statistical reporting.

OBJECTIVE: To offer suggestions to help improve clinicians' understanding of the statistical analyses in the literature and their use of these methods in their own medical writings. DATA SOURCES: Literature searches began at the National Library of Medicine's online database and were traced to primary sources. STUDY SELECTION: All referenced information in this article was cited from primary sources. RESULTS: Physicians should be able to determine the variables studied and how they were measured, the comparisons that were made, the difference (with 95% confidence interval) between the groups, the exact P value for the difference, the statistical test used in the analysis, whether the data conformed to the assumptions of the test, whether the study had adequate statistical power, and the clinical importance of the difference. CONCLUSION: Clinicians should know how to interpret statistical results so that they can use medical science to its full extent in treating patients.

Biomedical Research↗
PubMed1999

Phimosis in antiquity.

The medical term phimosis has been in use since antiquity, but in contrast to the imprecise definition of the term that is characteristic of nineteenth-century and some controversial modern medical writing. Greek and Roman medical writers imbued it with a clinically precise definition. Using the tools of the history of medicine, an analysis of the medical writings of antiquity reveals that phimosis was defined exclusively as a rare, inflammatory or cicatricial stricture of the preputial orifice consequent to a true pathological condition rather than a disease process in itself. Putative associations between phimosis and diseases such as urinary tract infections or cancer were not made in antiquity and are reflections of modern, geographically isolated social anxieties. The modern European scientific conceptualisation of phimosis, however, represents a return to the precise terminology and conservative therapeutic approach characteristic of Greek and Roman medicine.

Greece↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Birth of history of medicine in ancient Greece].

Since the first medical writings some medical doctors pointed out the past of medicine and wrote papers about the origin and evolution of medicine. The first trials of rational history were showed in this paper which attempted to compare the History of Medicine written by medical doctors and the History of Medicine written by a philosopher such as Plato.

France↗
PubMed2002

Relevance of some of the theories of Ibn Khaldoun in his "Al Muqaddimah" to contemporary medicine. A personal interpretation.

The subjects in this paper include Ibn Khaldoun's thoughts on writing, and their implications on today's medical writing. This paper discusses why people write, plagiarism, "Original" and "Copied' writings and where history writing goes wrong and how this can be applied to Medical writing today. The paper also discusses the nature of Science and Knowledge as viewed by Ibn Khaldoun, the anatomy of intelligence, types of thought processes, and effects of environment and craftsmanship on intellect. Ibn Khaldoun's definition of the "Medical" profession and its social standing is discussed as well as his emphasis of the importance of exercise, diet and climate on healthy living. Ibn Khaldoun has clear and advanced concepts on education and methodology of education. He emphasizes 3 stages of coaching, and the importance of travel in consolidating and clarifying knowledge attainment. He abhors coercion as a method of educating the young. Developing the interest of the pupil in the art he is studying, is thought by Ibn Khaldoun to be the central theme of good education. Relevance of all this to contemporary medical education is discussed. Ibn Khaldoun has fascinating ahead-of-time views on the influence of peer pressure and what is now known as "Emotional Intelligence" and he rejects the idea that intelligence is ethnically determined. Instead, he emphasizes the environmental, social and craftsmanship influence on human behavior. He stresses that the method of education has a lot to do with the "apparent" intelligence or "stupidity" of pupils.

Education, Medical↗
PubMed1982

Teaching letter writing to medical undergraduates.

Poor quality medical letters epitomise the failing communication skills of Australian doctors. I asked the 11 Australian medical schools to define how these skills are taught to undergraduates, and The Royal Australian College of General Practitioners (RACGP) to comment on the essay section of the college examinations. Six of the 11 universities replied; two of them teach communication. The RACGP supported the need to teach undergraduates communication skills.

Communication↗