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At least 343 records · Page 19Linked to original sources
PubMed2000

Learning just-in-time in medical informatics.

Just-in-time learning (JITL) methodology has been applied to many areas of knowledge acquisition and dissemination. The paradigm is a challenge to the traditional classroom course-oriented approach with the aim to shorten the learning time, increasing the efficiency of the learning process, improve availability and save money. The information technology tools and platforms have been heavily involved to develop and deliver JITL. This paper discusses the main characteristics of JITL with regard to its implementation to teaching Medical Informatics.

Audiovisual Aids↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Variables, variability, and variations research: implications for medical informatics.

Variations research is one important strategy in the quality management movement designed to improve the quality of health care and to control costs. Information systems are being utilized in variations research to provide an array of potential variables, to provide measures of the variability inherent in these variables, and to assist with the study of the linkages of patient and provider characteristics with interventions and outcomes. This article presents a systems model of inputs, processes, and outcomes with explication of factors related to client, provider, and setting as a heuristic strategy for variable specification. The implications of variable specification, the design and measurement of variability, and the key issue of control in variations research are linked with a discussion of the implications for medical informatics.

Decision Support Systems, Management↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The important role of international exchange in the development of medical informatics in developing countries: a report from China.

China is a developing country, and so is inferior to the developed countries in many aspects of science and technology. It is similarly a new member in the world ranking of the application of computers in biomedicine. However, since implementing the policy of reform and opening to the outside world in 1976, China has achieved greater success in biomedical signal and image processing, biomedical data processing, computer-aided diagnosis, computerized hospital management, etc. China's development shows that international exchange and cooperation are very important for the development of medical informatics in developing countries, and the application of computers in biomedicine has progressively spread all over the world and is increasingly taking root in the hearts of the people.

China↗
PubMed1992

Digital patient records and the medical desktop: an integrated physician workstation for medical informatics training.

The Institute of Medicine and others have advocated a shift from a paper-based to an electronic medical record and many authorities have advanced the concept of a physician workstation that can provide access to a wide variety of both clinically and reference oriented medical information. We have developed a working model of an integrated physician workstation based on a graphically oriented "Medical Desktop," for personal computers. This system gives the user access to much of the information necessary for the practice of medicine, by integrating an electronic medical record (notes, orders, consults, lab values, and radiological studies, organized both independently and in a "Visual Chart") with tools such as drug references, clinical manuals, textbooks of medicine, literature searching, expert system decision support, and electronic communication. It contains an on-line help system that facilitates use and allows access to all the systems' capabilities. This system has been used to teach students and physicians the methods and potential of computer-based medical information management to prepare them for the impact of computers in their practices and educate them concerning the imperative for the involvement of all health care providers in implementing these changes.

Computer Graphics↗
PubMed1994

Developing a medical informatics education program to support a statewide health information network.

The Florida Health Information Network (FHIN) was established in October 1989 to provide biomedical information services to the University of Florida Health Science Center (HSC) and to health professionals throughout the state--especially the northern thirty-nine counties of the state. FHIN services are available to all affiliates of the HSC and by annual subscription to nonaffiliates. At present, FHIN services include database access, circulation services, document delivery, and information services. Training network users has been an objective since the inception. Training has targeted both the HSC Library staff and HSC users and now is expanding to include remote users. Because many users have had insufficient experience with computers, the library has to teach the mechanics of access and network use and to instruct users regarding applications and database searching. This paper describes the development and implementation of the medical informatics education program. Topics include library staff training; educational offerings for HSC faculty, staff, and students; development and implementation of the remote training program; and organizational and budgetary implications for the construction of such a program.

Computer Communication Networks↗
PubMed2003

Is medical informatics a mature science? A review of measurement practice in outcome studies of clinical systems.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the extent of explicit attention to formal issues of 'measurement' in studies examining outcomes of the deployment of clinical information systems. METHODS: A structured literature review identified 27 published studies reporting quantitative outcomes including attitudes, clinician behavior, quality of care, and cost of care. These studies were analyzed for types of outcome reported, evidence of 'reuse' of measurement methodology, and evidence of formal study of the reliability and validity of these measures. RESULTS: The 27 studies meeting the inclusion criteria were published between 1976 and 2002. Several of the studies addressed multiple outcome types. Nine examined clinician attitudes; 22 examined health care behaviors; 15 examined patient health status/quality of care; and four examined economic indicators. There were eight examples of reuse of measurement methods, five of which represented reuse within a single research group. Reliability indices were reported in three studies. There were no reported validity indices. CONCLUSION: Based on this sample of studies, specific attention to issues of measurement is sparse in outcome studies of deployed clinical information systems. As such, medical informatics does not appear to be on a par with more mature sciences in its approaches to measurement of key outcome variables.

Hospital Information Systems↗
PubMed2006

Applied medical informatics for the chest physician: information you can use!--Part 3.

In this third and last part in our series on applied medical informatics (AMI), we will examine the following: (1) a concise wrap-up of the practice steps necessary to achieve the benefits from AMI in your practice; (2) an introduction to the patient health-care record and why it is important to physicians; and (3) a look at some of the latest developments in AMI that are of interest to the chest physician.

Humans↗
PubMed2005

The implementation of managed care for diabetes using medical informatics in a large Preferred Provider Organization.

BACKGROUND: It has been demonstrated by meta analysis that if a regular review of patients is guaranteed, the standard of primary care can be as good or better than hospital outpatient care, however, empirical data suggests that compliance with diabetes clinical practice recommendations is inadequate in primary care. This study describes the reorganization of diabetes care using disease management principles in a Preferred Provider Organization (PPO) operating on a country-wide basis in which each diabetes clinic became responsible for the overall care of all patients with diabetes. METHODS: This descriptive pre and post change study was undertaken in a large public-funded PPO insuring over one and half million individuals. The study was possible due the use of a centralized electronic disease registry which enabled the collection of all patient data. Several markers, such as HbA1C and LDC-cholesterol levels, were used to assess the quality of care for the diabetic patients. RESULTS: Mean HbA1C results of the cohort showed a continuous reduction from 8.1% (S.D. = 1.55) in 1999 to 7.68% (S.D. = 1.47) in 2002 and to 7.79 (S.D. = 1.54) in 2004. Improved results were also recorded for LDL-C 126.37 (S.D. = 35.16) in 1999 to 114.74 (S.D. = 34.49) in 2002, and to 113.39 (S.D. = 33.8) in 2004. The number of diabetic patients seen by the diabetologist increased by 62% over this period, despite an increase in diabetologist work hours of only 23%. CONCLUSION: The reorganization of health delivery for diabetic patients within a country-wide PPO, based on the principles of disease management and supported by medical informatics improves quality of care.

Cholesterol, LDL↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Things to come: postmodern digital knowledge management and medical informatics.

The overarching informatics grand challenge facing society is the creation of knowledge management systems that can acquire, conserve, organize, retrieve, display, and distribute what is known today in a manner that informs and educates, facilitates the discovery and creation of new knowledge, and contributes to the health and welfare of the planet. At one time the private, national, and university libraries of the world collectively constituted the memory of society's intellectual history. In the future, these new digital knowledge management systems will constitute human memory in its entirety. The current model of multiple local collections of duplicated resources will give way to specialized sole-source servers. In this new environment all scholarly scientific knowledge should be public domain knowledge: managed by scientists, organized for the advancement of knowledge, and readily available to all. Over the next decade, the challenge for the field of medical informatics and for the libraries that serve as the continuous memory for the biomedical sciences will be to come together to form a new organization that will lead to the development of postmodern digital knowledge management systems for medicine. These systems will form a portion of the evolving world brain of the 21st century.

Artificial Intelligence↗
PubMed2002

[Update in medical informatics in oncology].

Through the implementation of the French reform of resources allocation, according to the French DRG system (PMSI), all the medical records of French hospitals are currently indexed according to the same rules and classifications. As a by-product, these discharge summaries are merged into huge administrative databases covering both public and private settings. Statistical analysis of these data have begun, and seems to be worthwhile in oncology, e.g. for assessing the burden of cancer treatments in hospitals, for revealing the regional variations in practice or for estimating the incidence of melanoma. However, fully anonymous data leading to double counts, questionable quality of summaries and lack of complete covering in radiotherapy centres, still impede from using the data for epidemiological purpose. Short term improvements are under way: changes in quality assessment and control, possibility of linking successive stays of a patient while respecting privacy, implementation of new classification of procedures and new descriptions of "casemix". The French DRG could then have a place in the monitoring of cancer both at national and regional levels.

Databases, Factual↗
PubMed2000

[Medical informatics (hospital information systems) in neonatology: reality and insufficiencies].

The generalized implementation in France of hospital information systems (HIS) is often considered by the medical practitioners as a useless constraint. Nevertheless, they are now largely used by the administrative authorities for their economical evaluation of medical care. In neonatology HIS is applied to the hospitalized sick neonates as well as to the healthy newborn infants during their maternity hospital stay with their mother following birth. This paper focuses on the practical aspects and difficulties of the current French HIS in neonatology.

Diagnosis-Related Groups↗
PubMed1999

Toward a framework for computer-mediated collaborative design in medical informatics.

The development and implementation of enabling tools and methods that provide ready access to knowledge and information are among the central goals of medical informatics. The need for multi-institutional collaboration in the development of such tools and methods is increasingly being recognized. Collaboration involves communication, which typically involves individuals who work together at the same location. With the evolution of electronic modalities for communication, we seek to understand the role that such technologies can play in supporting collaboration, especially when the participants are geographically separated. Using the InterMed Collaboratory as a subject of study, we have analyzed their activities as an exercise in computer- and network-mediated collaborative design. We report on the cognitive, sociocultural, and logistical issues encountered when scientists from diverse organizations and backgrounds use communications technologies while designing and implementing shared products. Results demonstrate that it is important to match carefully the content with the mode of communication, identifying, for example, suitable uses of E-mail, conference calls, and face-to-face meetings. The special role of leaders in guiding and facilitating the group activities can also be seen, regardless of the communication setting in which the interactions occur. Most important is the proper use of technology to support the evolution of a shared vision of group goals and methods, an element that is clearly necessary before successful collaborative designs can proceed.

Communication↗