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At least 343 records · Page 19Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Early and late complications after endoscopic sphincterotomy for biliary lithiasis with and without the gall bladder 'in situ'.

Endoscopic sphincterotomy has gained wide acceptance in the treatment of biliary lithiasis. We attempted endoscopic sphincterotomy in 443 patients and were successful in 407 (92%). Sphincterotomy was carried out with the gall bladder in situ in 234 cases (57%) of advanced age or high surgical risk. Immediate complications occurred in 7%, of which haemorrhage was the most frequent. The mortality rate was 1.5%. Three hundred and sixteen endoscopic sphincterotomies were performed more than six months before writing and follow up was available for 226 (72%) from six to 78 months. Late complications were observed in 16 patients with gall bladder 'in situ' (12%); the most frequent was cholecystitis in 6%. In five patients of the group without gall bladder, four had cholangitis related to retained or recurrent stones, and one restenosed . No episodes of cholangitis were observed in patients without stones despite reflux of barium up the biliary tree as observed during a barium meal examination.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy for vesical lithiasis.

Between 1991 and 1997, 17 male patients with bladder stones underwent extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy (ESWL) therapy in our department. One patient required epidural anesthesia and 5 patients were treated under intravenous sedation. Complete fragmentation was achieved after a single session in 9 patients and 4 required 2 sessions. Four patients underwent initial ESWL followed by mechanical cystolithotripsy. No major complications were noted. Fourteen patients were stone-free within 1 week after the procedure. Four patients were treated by transurethral resection of the prostate (TUR-P) on the day after completion ESWL. In conclusion, ESWL therapy is a simple, effective and safe modality for the management of vesical lithiasis.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Dissolution of pancreatic lithiasis by direct citrate application into the pancreatic duct in two patients with chronic idiopathic pancreatitis.

Several experimental and clinical studies have shown that citrates are useful in dissolving calcifications and proteic plug in pancreatic ducts both of alcoholic etiology and in patients with chronic pancreatitis. Until now, using citrates to dissolve stones in clinical studies was performed orally with satisfactory medium-term results, including control of abdominal pain and eradication of shadows on X-rays. Laboratory studies have shown that these concretions dissolve quickly when such compounds are applied directly. This paper reports 2 women aged 27 and 40 with histories of chronic abdominal pain, and who, by abdominal X-ray and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), were shown to have multiple calcifications in the main and accessory pancreatic ducts. In both patients, endoscopic sphincterotomy of the bile and pancreatic segments of the sphincter of Oddi and introduction of a nasopancreatic catheter and intraductal infusion of citrates were performed. Radiological controls showed fragmentation and disappearance of calcifications. Clinically, there was complete absence of abdominal pain in the first week following the procedure. This is the first human study of intraductal administration of citrates to dissolve pancreatic lithiasis with highly favorable results.

Abdominal Pain↗
PubMed1991

Postprostatectomy lithiasis.

After a short historical survey and a comprehensive review of the world literature which comprises 242 cases (including 19 personal ones), 10 new cases of lithiasis after prostatectomy are added (5 of which are personal ones), making a total of 252 cases. The CT scan was very useful in the diagnostic imaging. In appropriate situations, the use of the stone basket was found advantageous. In patients who are at risk of developing stones after prostatectomy, great care should be exercised both during the operation and in the postoperative period.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

Management of lithiasis in medullary sponge kidneys.

Twenty-four patients with medullary sponge kidneys (MSKs), diagnosed on a recent IVU, and renal lithiasis were treated by extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL). A detailed history regarding frequency of renal colic and urinary tract infection (UTI) was recorded and compared to the post-ESWL frequency of the symptoms. Our results show that the stone clearance rate is similar to that of non-MSK patients but there is a great reduction in the frequency of renal colic and UTI.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Bone lithiasis or bone metaplasia?

A case in which bone has been found in the upper urinary tract is reported. Since the physiopathology and morphological characteristics of this tissue do not meet the requirements needed to be defined as a urolith, we believe this is a case of bone metaplasia and not urinary lithiasis.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

A case of lithiasis of a persistent urachus.

A rarely encountered case of lithiasis in a persistent urachus with asymptomatic course, in a patient with recurrent nephrolithiasis, is presented. Diagnosis was established by roentgenographic examination and was surgically confirmed.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Urethral diverticulum with lithiasis.

Urethral diverticulum, either congenital or acquired, is very rare and becomes symptomatic when complicated by infection and lithiasis. This paper reports on such a case that was cured by radical excision of the lesion.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

Urinary lithiasis associated with urinary tuberculosis.

In a series of 2,500 patients with urinary tuberculosis, 74 cases evidenced an associated lithiasis (2.96%). Intensifying and amplifying the noxious effects, the association of these affections is misleading. Referring to the published data and their own experience, the authors therefore draw attention to this association which although relatively rare, is important because of the diagnostic problems it involves.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Results of medical treatment of cystine lithiasis.

Litholytic and prophylactic medical treatment of cystine lithiasis in 42 patients over a 5-year period is reported. Treatment consists of administration of urinary alkalizing agents and alpha-mercaptopropionylglycine. Successful results were obtained in a high percentage of cases.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Treatment of lithiasis in the patient with a solitary kidney.

Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) has been the fundamental treatment applied to 88 patients with renal calculi in a solitary kidney. Epidemiological information is given, including lithiasis antecedents and associated pathologies as well as the etiology of the solitary kidney, location and size of stones. The initial treatment was ESWL in 83 patients, ureteroscopy in 2, surgery in 2, and percutaneous nephrolithotomy in 1. Three months after treatment in the ESWL group, 68 patients were completely free of stones and 15 had insignificant caliceal residual fragments. The rest of the patients were treated successfully using the above methods. The secondary complications of ESWL were colic pain (20 cases), fever (13 cases) and obstruction (9 cases).

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Renal lithiasis and nutrition.

Renal lithiasis is a multifactorial disease. An important number of etiologic factors can be adequately modified through diet, since it must be considered that the urine composition is directly related to diet. In fact, the change of inappropriate habitual diet patterns should be the main measure to prevent kidney stones. In this paper, the relation between different dietary factors (liquid intake, pH, calcium, phosphate, oxalate, citrate, phytate, urate and vitamins) and each type of renal stone (calcium oxalate monohydrate papillary, calcium oxalate monohydrate unattached, calcium oxalate dihydrate, calcium oxalate dihydrate/hydroxyapatite, hydroxyapatite, struvite infectious, brushite, uric acid, calcium oxalate/uric acid and cystine) is discussed.

Calcium Oxalate↗
PubMed2005

Antilithiatic effect of Asparagus racemosus Willd on ethylene glycol-induced lithiasis in male albino Wistar rats.

The ethanolic extract of Asparagus racemosus Willd. was evaluated for its inhibitory potential on lithiasis (stone formation), induced by oral administration of 0.75% ethylene glycolated water to adult male albino Wistar rats for 28 days. The ionic chemistry of urine was altered by ethylene glycol, which elevated the urinary concentration of crucial ions viz. calcium, oxalate, and phosphate, thereby contributing to renal stone formation. The ethanolic extract, however, significantly (p < 0.05) reduced the elevated level of these ions in urine. Also, it elevated the urinary concentration of magnesium, which is considered as one of the inhibitors of crystallization. The high serum creatinine level observed in ethylene glycol-treated rats was also reduced, following treatment with the extract. The histopathological findings also showed signs of improvement after treatment with the extract. All these observations provided the basis for the conclusion that this plant extract inhibits stone formation induced by ethylene glycol treatment.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Laparoscopic treatment of common bile duct lithiasis].

With the advances of videolaparoscopic surgery, this approach had become the treatment of choice for cholelithiasis. However, about 5% to 10% may present common bile duct lithiasis. Most surgeons have still difficulties to deal with this situation and do prefer resolve with open surgery or with further endoscopic approach. We present a case of a 60-year-old man, with 18 months history of right upper quadrant pain, weight loss and jaundice. He was referred with diagnostic of pancreatic cancer. Laboratory investigation showed increased bilirubin (10 mg/dL), alkaline phosphatase and GGT. Abdominal ultrasound showed atrophic gallbladder with dilated intra and extrahepatic biliary tree. Computerized tomography scan disclosed enlarged biliary tree with 3 cm stone in the distal common bile duct. The patient underwent a laparoscopic cholecystectomy followed by choledochotomy and retrieval of the large stone. A latero-lateral choledochoduodenum anastomosis was then performed to decompress the biliary tree. The patient had an uneventful recovery being discharged at the 6th postoperative day. Laparoscopic management of choledocholithiasis is feasible in many patients, specially those with dilated biliary tree. The retrieval of stones may be followed by biliary drainage with T-tube. In some elderly patients with chronically dilated common bile duct, as in the present case, a choledochoduodenal anastomosis is the procedure of choice.

Anastomosis, Surgical↗
PubMed1979

John Caffey Award: lithiasis due to interruption of the enterohepatic circulation of bile salts.

Bile salts are formed from cholesterol and conjugated in the liver, excreted via the biliary system into the duodenum, reabsorbed in the ileum, stored temporarily in the hepatic bile salt pool, and reexcreted into the biliary system. This normal enterohepatic circulation of bile salts is both efficient and rapid. Interruption of the enterohepatic circulation of bile salts may cause cholesterol cholelithiasis or oxalate urolithiasis. Clinical and radiologic features of pediatric patients with gallstones and urolithiasis secondary to abnormalities of the ileum are reported. The pathophysiology of lithiasis due to interruption of the enterohepatic circulation of bile salts is discussed. This enteric cause is included in the differential diagnosis of cholelithiasis and urolithiasis in infants and children.

Bile Acids and Salts↗
PubMed2005

MR cholangiopancreatography versus endoscopic sonography in suspected common bile duct lithiasis: a prospective, comparative study.

OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to compare the accuracy of MR cholangiopancreatography and endoscopic sonography for the diagnosis of common bile duct stones in patients with a mild to moderate clinical suspicion of common bile duct stones. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Forty-seven patients were prospectively enrolled. Inclusion criteria included acute pancreatitis, subclinical jaundice, and clinical features of common bile duct stone migration. Radial endoscopic sonography and MR cholangiopancreatography with the single-shot fast spin-echo technique were performed a maximum of 48 hr apart. The gold-standard diagnosis was obtained with ERCP (n = 20) or intraoperative cholangiography (n = 14) if the results of endoscopic sonography or MR cholangiopancreatography were abnormal or if a cholecystectomy was performed, or by clinical and biochemical follow-up (n = 11) if the results of endoscopic sonography and MR cholangiopancreatography were normal. RESULTS: The final diagnosis was common bile duct stones in 16 patients, malignant obstructions in four, and another biliary disease in two (lithiasis migration aspect with papillary edema); 23 patients had no biliary disease. The sensitivity and specificity of MR cholangiopancreatography were, respectively, 90.5% and 87.5% for etiologic diagnosis and 87.5% and 96.6% for the detection of common bile duct stones. The corresponding values for endoscopic sonography were 86.4% and 91.3% for etiologic diagnosis and 93.8% and 96.6% for visualization of choledocholithiasis. Accuracy did not significantly differ between the techniques. CONCLUSION: In cases of mild to moderate suspicion of choledocholithiasis, the accuracies of endoscopic sonography and MR cholangiopancreatography are similar. Because MR cholangiopancreatography is noninvasive, it may be preferred for this indication.

Adult↗