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At least 343 records · Page 19Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Diaphragm pacing in infants and children. A life-table analysis of implanted components.

Since 1976, we have implanted bilateral phrenic nerve electrodes for diaphragm pacing in 33 infants and children. This population includes 23 patients with congenital central hypoventilation syndrome (CHS), two with late onset CHS and hypothalamic dysfunction, three with hypoventilation associated with Chiari II malformation and myelomeningocele, and five with quadriplegia. Our experience, totalling 192 system-years and 96 patient-years of pacing, has enabled us to document the nature and frequency of problems related to the implanted components of the Avery Laboratories (S-232-1) pacemaker system when used in a pediatric population. By life table analysis, the mean time to need for replacement of any implanted component was 56.3 months. A total of 26 failures requiring component replacement occurred and were classified into four types: (1) receiver failure (15 cases), (2) electrode wire or wire insulation breakage (six cases), (3) infection requiring diaphragm pacer system removal (three cases), and (4) mechanical nerve injury (two cases). We conclude that the present diaphragm pacing system is effective but not without risk of biomedical component failure. The present system might be substantially improved by (1) a modified receiver design with a hermetic seal to prevent fluid penetration, (2) stronger, better insulated electrode wires, and (3) modifications of surgical technique and electrode type to prevent phrenic nerve damage.

Actuarial Analysis↗
PubMed1984

The application of a modified follow-up life table technique to the study of outpatient clinic services for sickle-cell patients.

A cohort of 60 matched pairs of sickle-cell anaemia (SS) patients from Ibadan, Nigeria and Oakland, California, were compared in a follow-up study. The null hypothesis tested was that there was no significant difference in the morbidity associated with sickle-cell anaemia among Ibadan SS patients receiving antimalarial prophylaxis and Oakland SS patients. Proportions of all clinic visits during which the patients had crises or infections associated with sickle cell anaemia (SSINF) were used as measures of morbidity. A modification of the follow-up life table was used for the analysis. Plots of PX and its confidence bands against frequency of clinic visits due to crises and SSINF were drawn. The Kruskal Wallis test was used to determine any significant differences in the probability of SS patients from either of the two centres visiting the clinic because of crises or SSINF. The results showed no significant differences in these probabilities.

Actuarial Analysis↗
PubMed1989

[Analysis of factors affecting prognosis of bed-bound elderly at home using the life-table technique].

Survival data analysis was carried out in a community to aim at linking the home visit survey of the 106 chronically bed-restricted elderly aged 60 and older to whom care was given exclusively by their coresidents, to deaths certified within 40 months of the baseline interviews. The questionnaire in the baseline survey included items concerning demographic attributes, functional status, activity of daily living, mental status and family contact. During the 40-month observation interval 59 deaths were registered in this population. The association of 16 independent variables with fatal outcome derived from the above survey was evaluated using two kinds of life-table analyses. First, a non-parametric technique was applied to estimate the survival distribution and computing rank tests for association. Subsequent multivariate analysis made with the step-wise method revealed the significant importance of being stimulated everyday by TV or radio and that of the relationship of caregivers to the elderly as well as good physical function and mental well-being for longevity of chronically bed-bound elderly.

Actuarial Analysis↗
PubMed1982

Long-term results of trabeculectomy in the Japanese: an analysis by life-table method.

The records of a total of 427 eyes with various types of glaucoma treated by trabeculectomy were compiled from 10 institutions. The follow-up periods of these cases were from 3 months to 5 years. Simple statistics gave an overall success rate of 75% in controlling the intraocular pressure (IOP) below 21 mmHg. In 344 eyes followed more than 1 year, the IOP distribution showed that the IOP was between 14 and 19 mmHg in 47% of th 10 institutions. The follow-up periods of these cases were from 3 months to 5 years. Simple statistics gave an overall success rate of 75% in controlling the intraocular pressure (IOP) below 21 mmHg. In 344 eyes followed more than 1 year, the IOP distribution showed that the IOP was between 14 and 19 mmHg in 47% of th 10 institutions. The follow-up periods of these cases were from 3 months to 5 years. Simple statistics gave an overall success rate of 75% in controlling the intraocular pressure (IOP) below 21 mmHg. In 344 eyes followed more than 1 year, the IOP distribution showed that the IOP was between 14 and 19 mmHg in 47% of the eyes, and in only 2.3% was the IOP lower than 10 mmHg. The probability of failure, i.e. the mean IOP being higher than 20 mmHg for more than 3 months, was calculated by a life-table method, which takes diversity in the follow-up period into account. An analysis of the cumulative failure probability by Weibull distribution function showed that the time course of failure in the IOP control is of an early failure type; the majority of failure occurred within one year. The final failure probability after the follow-up period of 5 years was 0.42 in primary open-angle glaucoma and 0.48 in primary angle-closure glaucoma, but it was 0.65 in congenital glaucoma. It was shown that the failure probability after the first trabeculectomy is lower in the older age group than in the younger age group. The second trabeculectomy on the same eye showed a higher failure probability than the first intervention.

Actuarial Analysis↗
PubMed2006

Split-crest and immediate implant placement with ultra-sonic bone surgery: a 3-year life-table analysis with 230 treated sites.

Ultra-sonic bone surgery (USBS) has been recently introduced as a novel osteotomic technique. This clinical study reports on the application of this new technique to perform ridge-split procedures. Over a period of 3.5 years, 57 patients underwent a split-crest procedure with the aim to place 230 implants, 78 in the mandible and 152 in the maxilla, in order to rehabilitate nine full arches, three hemi-arcades, 43 partial bridges and 24 single crowns. The initial ridge width varied between 1.5 and 5 mm, average was 3.2 mm. The final width of the ridge ranged from 4 to 9 mm, average was 6 mm. The split length varied between 4.5 and 40 mm, average was 15 mm. Inserted implants were 3.25-5 mm in diameter however most of them (82.4%) were standard implants of 3.75 mm; implant length was classically 10-13 mm. Two hundred and twenty-eight (99.1%) out of the 230 planned implants were placed, the two non-suitable sites were in the maxilla. In the mandible, the ridge augmentation procedure was drastically eased by performing a basal longitudinal discharge notch. At second stage surgery, eight implants failed to osseointegrate; the success rate for the placed implants was 96.5%. All implants have been loaded for at least 2 months and no implant was lost after loading. One hundred and eighty-one and 77 implants have been loaded for at least 6 and 12 months, respectively. The 3-year life-table analysis of loaded implants showed a cumulative survival rate of 100%. The split-crest procedure performed with USBS showed to be safe and comfortable.

Adult↗