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At least 343 records · Page 19Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Leukocytosis and low serum IgA in workers exposed to the epoxy compound, t-methyl-3-phenylglycidate.

Forty-nine out of 54 male workers engaged in the production of an epoxy compound, t-methyl-3-phenylglycidate, showed skin symptoms in varying degrees that may be due to the skin-irritative effect of the compound. The exposed workers were also shown to have subjective symptoms which may be related to the irritative property of the compound on surface tissue. Laboratory examinations on the blood obtained from the exposed workers showed significantly higher values of leukocyte concentration as compared with the non-exposed controls. This was chiefly caused by the increase of neutrophilic granulocytes and T-cell lymphocytes. Serum IgA levels of the exposed workers were shown to be significantly lower than those of the control group. Hemoglobin concentration, hematocrit value and red cell count of the exposed workers remained at the same level as those of the control subjects. Liver or kidney damage was not found in biochemical analyses on the sera of exposed workers.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Joint fluid leukocytosis of patients with rheumatoid arthritis evidence for neutrophil and monocyte chemotaxis in vivo.

The cell picture of the synovial fluid of fourteen patients with rheumatoid arthritis was studied in smears contrasted with the May-Grünwald-Giemsa stain. The cytology was dominated by neutrophils, many with signs of necrobiosis. The mononuclear cells displayed signs of proliferation and differentiation. Comparison with the immobile erythrocyte provided evidence that the accumulation of leukocytes in the synovial fluid of patients with rheumatoid arthritis was due to active leukocyte migration, presumably stimulated random movement and chemotaxis.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMed2001

Severe hemolytic anemia and excessive leukocytosis masking mycoplasma pneumonia.

The formation of cold agglutinins is frequently observed during Mycoplasma pneumoniae infections. Nevertheless, severe hemolysis is exceptional. We report a case of life-threatening hemolytic anemia caused by M. pneumoniae. As the leucocyte count was excessively elevated, the differential diagnosis primarily comprised hematological malignancies. The presence of cold agglutinins indicated the correct diagnosis, which was confirmed by highly elevated levels of both IgG and IgM antibodies to M. pneumoniae and a chest X-ray suggestive of atypical pneumonia. The patient was treated with roxithromycin and showed a favorable recovery within ten days after admission. This case demonstrates that, even in patients with clinically mild pneumonia, M. pneumoniae may be the cause of severe anemia.

Anemia, Hemolytic↗
PubMed2001

Propranolol affects stress-induced leukocytosis and cellular adhesion molecule expression.

In this study, the impact of the beta-adrenergic antagonist propranolol on resting and acute psychological- and physical-stress-induced circulating leukocyte numbers and the density of cellular adhesion molecules was investigated. In a randomized double-blind crossover design, 45 healthy volunteers performed a 15-min public speaking task and 21 subjects performed a 16-min bicycle exercise after 5 days of ingesting a placebo and after 5 days of ingesting 100 mg/day propranolol. One week of ingesting propranolol modestly elevated the numbers of CD62L+ (P<0.019) but not CD62L- T-lymphocytes. Moreover, propranolol preferentially blunted-psychological stress-induced increases in naïve T-helper (CD4+CD62L+; P<0.049) and naïve T-cytotoxic lymphocytes (CD8+CD62L+; P<0.003), as well as activated T-cytotoxic lymphocytes (CD8+CD29+; P<0.005). However, exercise-induced increases in leukocyte numbers were enhanced following propranolol treatment (P<0.04). In contrast to the effect on the numbers of adhesion-molecule-bearing cells, there was only a modest effect of propranolol on stress-induced alterations of the density of CD62L, CD54 and CD11a. In this study, propranolol treatment interfered with the adrenergic regulation of circulating leukocyte numbers by blunting psychological stress effects but enhancing exercise effects. Propranolol affected the cell activation status to a lesser extent, as reflected by the density of adhesion molecules.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed1978

Acidosis of synovial fluid correlates with synovial fluid leukocytosis.

The antibacterial activity of aminoglycoside antibiotics is significantly reduced by lowering the pH of the incubation medium. Since gram-negative septic arthritis responds poorly to aminoglycoside antibiotic therapy, we sought to determine whether synovial fluid acidosis contributes to this poor outcome. Synovial fluid samples from 22 patients with various forms of acute and chronic arthritis were examined for white blood cell count and pH. A close correlation (r = -0.92, p is less than 0.001) between an increasing white blood cell count and a decreasing pH was demonstrated. Since septic arthritis is associated with high white blood cell counts, in synovial fluid, the resultant low pH may contribute to the poor response to gram-negative septic arthritis treated with aminoglycoside antibiotics.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Association of monocytic leukemia in patients with extreme leukocytosis.

Fifteen of 73 newly diagnosed patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), admitted to Mount Sinai Hospital between July 1977 and October 1979, presented with leukocyte counts greater than 100,000/microliter. Eleven of these 15 patients with hyperleukocytosis had myelomonocytic (AMML-M4) or monocytic (AMOL-M5) leukemia compared to 15 of 58 patients with lower white cell counts (p < 0.001). Identification of type of leukemia, using the FAB classification, was based on morphology and special stains, including myeloperoxidase, Sudan black B, periodic acid-Schiff and nonspecific esterase with and without inhibition by fluoride. The proportion of patients with splenomegaly is higher in those with hyperleukocytosis (73 percent) than in those with lower white blood cell counts (p < 0.001) regardless of cell type. Leukemic infiltration of the skin, gums and central nervous system was seen exclusively in patients with AMML and AMOL. The serum lysozyme levels were significantly higher for all patients with AMML and AMOL regardless of the white blood cell count. The mean serum lysozyme for M-4, M-5 patients was 59.7 microgram/ml compared to 18.9 microgram/ml in patients with other cell types (p < 0.0001). Patients with a white blood cell count less than or equal to 100,000/microliter had a complete remission rate of 69 percent compared to 47 percent for patients with higher white blood cell counts.

Humans↗
PubMed1987

The fifth component of complement (C5) is necessary for maximal pulmonary leukocytosis in mice chronically exposed to cigarette smoke.

Recruitment of elastase-containing leukocytes to the alveoli and small airways of cigarette smokers is thought to be a major contributing factor in the pathogenesis of pulmonary emphysema. The fifth component of complement (C5), when activated, acts as a potent chemoattractant for these cells. We therefore examined the effect of chronic cigarette smoke exposure on numbers of pulmonary leukocytes in congenic strains of C5-deficient (C5-) and C5-sufficient (C5+) mice. Animals were exposed daily to 15 puffs (1.5 cigarettes) or unfiltered smoke from 2A1 Kentucky Reference cigarettes. After 8 weeks of exposure, the total number of bronchoalveolar leukocytes, recovered by lavage, was significantly increased in cigarette smoke-exposed animals (both C5- and C5+) vs their sham-exposed counterparts. In addition, cigarette smoke exposure also significantly increased the total number of recovered alveolar polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) and the PMN chemotactic activity of cell-free bronchoalveolar lavage supernatants in both strains vs those of sham controls. However, total numbers of recovered bronchoalveolar leukocytes and PMNs in smoke-exposed animals were significantly greater (P less than 0.001) in C5+ mice than in their congenic C5- counterparts. In C5+ mice, acute smoke exposure caused an immediate but transient increase in chemotactic activity of lung fluids, which was not observed in C5- mice following acute smoke exposure. These results suggest that cigarette smoking induces an increase in leukocytes in the lungs of mice by mechanisms which are partly dependent on C5.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Leukocytosis and subarachnoid hemorrhage.

We present a study of the white blood cell count at time of admission in patients with spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage. A nearly normal white blood cell count has little correlation with either the clinical grade at time of admission, or with the patient's ultimate outcome. A white blood cell count exceeding 20,000, however, is associated with poor clinical grade on admission and with a 50% mortality.

Humans↗
PubMed1991

Leukocytosis in mice following long-term reconstitution with genetically-modified bone marrow cells constitutively expressing interleukin 1 alpha or interleukin 6.

Leukemic cells of patients with acute myeloid leukemia have recently been shown to spontaneously produce autostimulatory IL-1 and IL-6. In order to investigate the effects of systemic production of these cytokines on normal hematopoietic cells, mice were engrafted with bone marrow cells infected with high-titer retroviral vectors carrying the murine IL-1 alpha or IL-6 genes and the neomycin phosphotransferase gene. Sustained expression of the introduced IL-1 alpha and IL-6 genes was documented by Northern-blot analysis of RNA from G418-resistant mast cells and T cells, derived from bone marrow and spleen, respectively, of successfully reconstituted mice 6-10 months after transplantation. A single mouse engrafted with IL-1 alpha-infected cells which presented with a dramatic neutrophilic granulocytosis (54-fold elevation in circulating neutrophils) was sacrificed for health concerns 2 months post-transplant. Modest changes in peripheral leukocyte counts (at most a 2-fold rise) were observed in all of the other mice, and they remained healthy throughout the observation period. The majority displayed increased hematopoietic activity in bone marrow and spleen, predominantly granulopoiesis, with moderate lymphoid hyperplasia seen in the spleens of mice constitutively expressing IL-1 alpha. These mouse models provide the opportunity to evaluate the potential of persistent IL-1 alpha and IL-6 expression to contribute to leukemogenic transformation.

Animals↗