Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Intestinal Polyposis”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 343 records · Page 19Linked to original sources
PubMed2001

[Rehabilitation of operated patients with diffuse polyposis of the large intestine].

In 1965 to 2000, the State Coloproctology Research Center operated on 584 patients for diffuse polyposis of the large intestine. A 18-year follow-up showed that metabolic disorders developed in 85% of cases due to the loss of large intestine that is important for maintaining homeostasis. The authors consider it necessary to continuously follow up the patients operated on for diffuse polyposis for timely diagnosis of occurring metabolic disorders and their correction. This approach to complex treatment of diffuse polyposis promotes social and working rehabilitation of patients operated on.

Adenomatous Polyposis Coli↗
PubMed2003

Combined effects of prostaglandin E receptor subtype EP1 and subtype EP4 antagonists on intestinal tumorigenesis in adenomatous polyposis coli gene knockout mice.

Previous studies have shown that prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) is involved in intestinal carcinogenesis through its binding to the PGE(2) receptor subtypes EP(1) and EP(4) and activation of downstream pathways. ONO-8711 and ONO-AE2-227, prostaglandin E receptor subtype EP(1)- and EP(4)-selective antagonists, respectively, are known to suppress formation of intestinal polyps in adenomatous polyposis coli gene-deficient mice. The present study was designed to investigate the combined effects of EP(1) and EP(4) antagonists on spontaneous polyp formation in APC1309 mice in order to determine the contribution of each receptor to intestinal tumorigenesis. APC1309 mice were treated with 400 ppm of ONO-8711 alone, 400 ppm of ONO-AE2-227 alone or both in combination in the diet for 6 weeks. The mean area of polyps found in the intestine, calculated as the longer diameter x the shorter diameter x pi, was reduced by 12%, 43% (P < 0.01) and 56% (P < 0.01) of the mean control value (8.8 mm(2)) in the ONO-8711 alone, ONO-AE2-227 alone and combination treatment groups, respectively, suggesting clear additive effects of the combination. The same additive tendency for suppression was also observed with respect to the numbers of polyps in the intestine. Polyp size reduction was more remarkable with the EP(4) antagonist, while the number reduction was more pronounced with the EP(1) antagonist. Our results indicate that EP(1) and EP(4) may have separate intrinsic roles and, to some extent, contribute to polyp formation independently. Thus, combination treatment has potential for the chemoprevention of colon carcinogenesis.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

BMP signaling inhibits intestinal stem cell self-renewal through suppression of Wnt-beta-catenin signaling.

In humans, mutations in BMPR1A, SMAD4 and PTEN are responsible for juvenile polyposis syndrome, juvenile intestinal polyposis and Cowden disease, respectively. The development of polyposis is a common feature of these diseases, suggesting that there is an association between BMP and PTEN pathways. The mechanistic link between BMP and PTEN pathways and the related etiology of juvenile polyposis is unresolved. Here we show that conditional inactivation of Bmpr1a in mice disturbs homeostasis of intestinal epithelial regeneration with an expansion of the stem and progenitor cell populations, eventually leading to intestinal polyposis resembling human juvenile polyposis syndrome. We show that BMP signaling suppresses Wnt signaling to ensure a balanced control of stem cell self-renewal. Mechanistically, PTEN, through phosphatidylinosital-3 kinase-Akt, mediates the convergence of the BMP and Wnt pathways on control of beta-catenin. Thus, BMP signaling may control the duplication of intestinal stem cells, thereby preventing crypt fission and the subsequent increase in crypt number.

Adenomatous Polyposis Coli↗
PubMed2005

Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 is a component of the oncogenic T-cell factor-4/beta-catenin complex.

BACKGROUND & AIMS: T-cell factor (TCF)-4 regulates a certain set of genes related to growth and differentiation of intestinal epithelial cells. Aberrant transactivation of these TCF-4-regulated genes by beta-catenin protein plays a crucial role in early intestinal carcinogenesis, and the transcriptional machinery of the TCF-4/beta-catenin complex is likely to contain targets for molecular therapy. We explored the molecular composition of the TCF-4/beta-catenin transcriptional complex by means of proteomics. METHODS & RESULTS: A protein of approximately 112 kilodaltons was consistently coimmunoprecipitated with FLAG-tagged TCF-4 transiently expressed in HEK293 cells, and the protein was identified by mass spectrometry as poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1). PARP-1 physically interacted with TCF-4 and augmented the transcriptional activity of the beta-catenin/TCF-4 complex. Knockdown of PARP-1 by RNA interference significantly suppressed both transcriptional activity and proliferation by colorectal cancer cells. Auto-polyADP-ribosylation of the PARP-1 protein induced by DNA damage inhibited the functional interaction of PARP-1 with TCF-4. PARP-1 was overexpressed in the intestinal adenomas of patients with familial adenomatous polyposis and multiple intestinal polyposis mice. The expression of PARP-1 was closely associated with the accumulation of beta-catenin and with the undifferentiated status of intestinal epithelial cells. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, we identified PARP-1 as a novel coactivator of the beta-catenin/TCF-4 complex. Although PARP-1 has been believed to play a protective role against carcinogenesis, these expression patterns and functional properties of PARP-1 were highly suggestive of its participation in early colorectal carcinogenesis.

Cell Transformation, Neoplastic↗
PubMed1991

[Endoscopic polypectomy in the surgical treatment of diffuse polyposis of the large intestine].

The article analyses experience in the treatment of 81 patients with diffuse polyposis who underwent subtotal resection of the colon with abdominoanal resection of the rectum and downward displacement of the right parts into the anal canal. It is shown that growth of the remaining occasional polyps and appearance of new polyps are encountered in the maintained parts of the colon and upper parts of the gastrointestinal tract in the postoperative period. The authors found that endoscopic polypectomy allows the right colon to be preserved in 92.6% of cases and the upper digestive tract in 97.5% of cases at a minimum risk of a surgical intervention.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Surgical treatment of diffuse polyposis of the large intestine].

A technique of the operation developed by the authors for patients with diffuse polyposis of the colon is described. A new method of total colectomy is proposed including removal of the rectum mucosa and the endorectal loop ileoanal anastomosis and simultaneous creation of the small intestine reservoir (operations on 2 patients) and a new method of creation of the small intestine reservoir (operations on 7 patients). Good functional results were obtained. Six-eight months after operation the patients had stools 1-6 times a day. In none of 5 men operated upon impotence has developed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

[Surgical tactics in gastric polyps in patients with diffuse polyposis of the large intestine].

An analysis of results of examination and surgical treatment of 500 patients with diffuse polyposis coli for the recent 30 years has shown that one fourth of the patients have polyps in the stomach. They have structure of adenoma with different degree of epithelialdysplasia. The incidence of polyps and their structure do not change after operation on the colon. Carcinoma of the stomach in such patients can develop in 0,4% of the cases while the malignization index of colon polyps is 150 times higher. Hence, the conclusion is made of the first and foremost importance of operation on the colon.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[The therapeutic procedure for desmoids in patients with diffuse polyposis of the large intestine].

Desmoid was diagnosed in 54 out of 632 patients who had been operated on for diffuse polyposis. The age of patients with desmoid ranged from 18-61 years. Twenty of them had desmoid in the anterior abdominal wall whereas 30--in the small intestine mesentery or retroperitoneal space. Dissection was carried out in 14 out of 18 patients with anterior abdominal wall desmoid. Recurrence was registered in 6 patients. Dissection was attempted in 12 out of 26 patients with intraabdominal desmoid but radical procedure could be performed in 5 only. In a group of 4 patients with synchronous desmoid of both sites, both tumors were removed in one patient only whereas in the other 3--only anterior abdominal wall tumor could be dissected.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Diagnostic and therapeutic reflections on polyps and polyposis of the large intestine].

The systematic employment of pancolonoscopy in patients with diseases of the large intestine has shown that histological typing is essential when a polyp or polyposis is observed, since this is the only way prognosis can determined, and is only possible through endoscopic polypectomy. Familial investigation is also mandatory. If its findings are positive, every "polyp", irrespective of its number, site, and distribution, is a possible sign of polyposis. In this context, rectum preservation techniques are justified in relation to factors associated with both the polyp itself and its host.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

Chemopreventive activity of crude hydroxsymatairesinol (HMR) extract in Apc(Min) mice.

We studied the effects of a lignan, hydroxymatairesinol (HMR), and rye bran on intestinal tumor development in adenomatous polyposis colimultiple intestinal neoplasia (Apc)(Min) mice. HMR showed a strong chemopreventive effect in this animal model. The mean number of adenomas in the small intestine was significantly lower (26. 6+/-11.0, P<0.05) in mice fed the inulin and HMR when compared with the inulin and inulin/rye bran fed mice (39.6+/-8.9 and 36.0+/-7.4, respectively). HMR resulted in normalization of beta-catenin levels in adenoma tissue, indicating that HMR mediates its chemopreventive effect through the Apc-beta-catenin pathway. In the cytosolic fraction, beta-catenin level in adenoma tissue was significantly elevated (P=0.008-0.013) in all the diet groups as compared with that of the surrounding mucosa. In the nuclear fraction, beta-catenin in the inulin (3.15+/-2.9 relative units) and inulin/rye (5.17+/-6.94 relative units) groups was also significantly higher (P=0.003-0.009) in the adenoma tissue when compared with the surrounding mucosa (0.5+/-0.5 and 0.35+/-0.39 relative units). However, HMR was able to restore nuclear beta-catenin level of the adenoma tissue (0.41+/-0.25 relative units) to the level found in the surrounding mucosa (0.36+/-0.28 relative units).

Adenoma↗