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At least 343 records · Page 19Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

Ventriculography with methylglucamine iocarmate (Dimer-X). Experimental and clinical study.

In an attempt to study the use and value in ventriculography of meglumine iocarmate (Dimer-X), previously accepted as a water soluble contrast medium safe for myelography, we have conducted animal experiments to compare Dimer-X with megulumine iothalamate (Conray 60) and meglumine diatrizoate (Angiografin). We also made clinical studies of Dimer-X. In the animal experiments, 1.5 ml and 2.0 ml of Dimer-X were injected into the ventricles of 7 dogs. We noted the apparent superiority of Dimer-X over Conray 60 and Angiografin as far as side effects were concerned, but there were no particular differences in the intensities of the ventriculograms obtained. Morphological studies of the ventricles and histological examinations of the ventricular walls 1 month after intraventricular injections of Dimer-X showed no abnormalities. In the clinical studies, ventriculography with 1-5 ml Dimer-X, performed on 17 cases, aged 8 months to 62 years, with diseases of the central nervous system, produced ventriculograms of good diagnostic value with no side effects, such as convulsions, apart from mild headache or vomiting in 4 instances.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Role of CT in diagnosis and management of complications of diverticular disease.

The clinical complications of diverticular disease may be unclear. Seven patients with complicated diverticulitis of the transverse, descending, and sigmoid colon were examined with computed tomography. Exact knowledge of the anatomical relationships of the transverse, descending, and sigmoid colon and neighboring structures are a prerequisite for understanding and interpreting the extensions of peridiverticular disease. Computed tomography proved to be useful in evaluating the presence and extent of sequelae of perforations, and, as a consequence, influenced the planning and timing of treatment.

Abscess↗
PubMed1983

Elimination kinetics of iopamidol, a new water soluble nonionic radiographic contrast medium, analyzed by radioactivation.

We have studied the elimination kinetics of iopamidol employing radioactivation and radiochemical separation. This method offers the advantage of guaranteeing absolutely no interference by radiation with tissue distribution or elimination kinetics of the analyzed compound. Our results show that iopamidol does not cross the blood-brain barrier, has no effect on thyroid iodine uptake and does not accumulate in the liver.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

In vitro and in vivo studies of radiographic contrast media-induced histamine release in pigs.

Routine clinical use of radiographic contrast media (RCM) causes adverse reactions in some patients. To elucidate the mechanisms of these reactions both in vitro and in vivo studies are necessary. In this study, RCM-induced histamine release from isolated mast cells was compared with the in vivo release of histamine and cardiovascular symptoms using a porcine model. The 2 non-ionic preparations examined (Solutrast and Ultravist) released little or no histamine from the 4 cell types tested (porcine pulmonary, cardiac, hepatic, and renal mast cells). The 4 ionic preparations (Angiographin, Hexabrix Rayvist, and Telebrix) caused histamine release from most of the cell suspensions. In almost all cases, the cardiac mast cells were the most sensitive followed by the hepatic mast cells. All 4 RCM tested in vivo produced elevated plasma histamine levels in some animals. The highest incidence was observed using the ionic, high osmolal Rayvist (6 of 12 animals), followed by the non-ionic RCM with the lowest osmolality Ultravist (4 of 12 animals). In vivo, mechanisms in addition to direct histamine release may also be involved in RCM-induced adverse reactions, since low osmolal, non-ionic RCM can cause elevated plasma histamine levels without in vitro release. The susceptibility of cardiac mast cells to RCM-induced histamine release suggests that patients undergoing e.g. coronary angiography may be especially at risk for an adverse reaction.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Spontaneous CSF rhinorrhea through the lamina cribrosa associated with primary empty sella.

Spontaneous CSF rhinorrhea associated with primary empty sella is a recently recognized condition. Because of its surgical indication, the preoperative evaluation of the possible site of the fistulous tract could be of fundamental importance. Most cases of primary empty sella reported in the literature have shown evidence of leakage through the sellar floor into the sphenoid sinus, thus requiring a transphenoidal approach. Non-traumatic defects in the anterior fossa are rarely reported in the literature. We have collected three new cases in which CT cisternography with non-ionic water-soluble contrast medium ruled out the possibility of a transellar fistula, thus suggesting a possible leak in the area of the lamina cribrosa. This was confirmed by the surgical outcome and by the follow-up of each patient.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

CT in syringomyelia: three different aspects.

Three different CT aspects of patients with myelographic and clinical syringomyelia patterns are presented. In the first the CT pattern was atypical. The second case is a typical example of opacification of the cavity after contrast enhancement and the third shows re-formation of the cavity 7 years after surgical damage.

Contrast Media↗
PubMed1983

Diastematomyelia in an adult. Case report.

An adult with diastematomyelia underwent a full neuroradiological study (myelography with jopamidolo plus computed tomography) followed by surgery. The value of the neuroradiological study, especially to the surgeon, is emphasised.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

How reliable is lumbar nerve root sheath infiltration?

To determine the reliability of lumbar nerve root sheath infiltration, a prospective study was performed. Ninety-four patients were randomized into three groups. In the first group of 33 patients, 0.5 cc of dye (Telebrix N, 30 g) was applied at nerve root L4, in the second group of 30 patients, 1.0 cc, and in the third group of 31 patients, 2.0 cc. The infiltration was guided by computer tomography. The diffusion of the dye was documented with computed tomography of the affected segment L4-5. The images were evaluated by an unbiased observer. The results showed that in the first group the dye diffused to the adjacent ipsilateral nerve roots L3 and/or L5 in nine patients. In the second and third groups this diffusion was seen in 9 and 11 patients, respectively. A diffusion into the psoas muscle was documented in 4, 10 and 22 patients, respectively. These latter differences were statistically significant (P < 0.01). Diffusion into the psoas muscle is especially important because the nerve roots converge in this muscle to become a plexus, and they are no longer surrounded by their dural sheaths. Diagnostic lumbar nerve root sheath infiltration should be performed by an experienced examiner. To guarantee high reliability, the tip of the needle should be placed as near as possible to the affected nerve root. The amount of local anaesthetic should be as small as possible, 0.5 cc or preferably less.

Anesthetics, Local↗
PubMed1986

The use of low osmolality water soluble (LOWS) contrast media in the pediatric gastro-intestinal tract. A report of 115 examinations.

There are dangers in the use of either barium sulphate suspensions or the conventional hypertonic water soluble contrast media in the gastrointestinal tract of "at risk" babies and children. These dangers can be avoided by the use of low osmolality water soluble (LOWS) contrast media. This paper reports the satisfactory use of three such contrast media, ioxaglate (Hexabrix), iohexol (Omnipaque) and iopamidol (Niopam) in 115 examinations of the gastrointestinal tracts of 89 babies and children. Morbidity from the inhalation or extravasation of contrast medium was negligible. It is proposed that LOWS contrast media should be used more widely in the gastro-intestinal investigation of all "at risk" babies and children.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Iopamidol, a new nonionic contrast medium in peripheral angiography.

Iopamidol (B 15,000), a new nonionic contrast medium, was compared to diatrizoate (Urografin 60%) in a controlled clinical trial using aortofemoral runoff angiography in a consecutive series of 50 severely arteriosclerotic patients. Iopamidol was found to be superior to the conventionally used contrast medium, as it significantly reduced the pain and discomfort following injection. Only slight to moderate alterations of aortic blood pressure and pulse rate were observed following the injection of both media. The hemodynamic influence of iopamidol, however, was significantly less pronounced than that of diatrizoate.

Angiography↗