Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “INTESTINAL PARASITES”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 343 records · Page 19Linked to original sources
PubMed2002

Intestinal parasitic infection among five interior communities at upper Rejang River, Sarawak, Malaysia.

Intestinal parasitic infection among five interior communities at Bakun Valley, upper Rejang River, Sarawak, Malaysia, was investigated as part of a public health impact assessment of the proposed US$ 3 billion Bakun Hydroelectric Project. Coproparasitological examination of 355 stool samples from 7 of 16 villages representing 5 of 7 tribes in the area revealed infection rate of 41%. A higher infection rate was found among the settled Kayans (56%) than the seminomadic Penans (29%). Infection rate was high (68%) among children less than 14 years old. Trichuris trichiura accounted for more than 90% of all infections; less common were Ascaris lumbricoides, hookworms and Strongyloides stercoralis. Polyparasitism was found in 8% of the individuals surveyed with dual infection due to T. trichiura and A. lumbricoides being more common than dual infection with T. trichiura and hookworm. Women had higher infection rates (57%) than men (33%).

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Maternal and child intestinal parasitism and breast-feeding].

From March to May 1991, the prevalence of intestinal parasites was detected in 208 children under two-year old, from out patients attending the Public Health Service in Rio de Janeiro. Maternal parasitic infection was simultaneously investigated. Information regarding nurseling's breast-feeding and enteroparasites rates was also recorded. The centrifugal-sedimentation was the method used for stool analysis. Positivity was observed in 12.7% for children and 37.3% for women. Ascaris lumbricoides was the most frequently detected parasite in children under one-year old (4.3%) and mothers (12.7%). The distribution of parasites accordingly to breast-feeding showed a significant statistical difference (p < 0.05) among infants. No exclusively suckled child presented infection. Children whose mothers were infected showed almost two fold risk of infection (1.7). A correlation between enteroparasites and weaned children was observed (r = 0.75). We believe that infected mothers can contribute for parasitic infection of their kids.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

[Distribution of intestinal parasites in children from the 23 Nisan Primary School in Hakkari.].

This study was performed on children ranging from 6-14 years old coming from 23 Nisan Primary School in Hakkari. In this study, a total of 114 stool samples from 60 male students and 54 female students were examined for intestinal parasites. Stool containers were given to the students. After the stool containers were collected, they were taken to the Faculty of Medicine of the Yüzüncü Yil University and examined using native Lugol and flotation methods. One or more intestinal parasites were found in 66 (57.8%) out of a total of 114 students. Giardia intestinalis (28.9%), Blastocystis hominis (23.6%), Entamoeba coli (12.2%) and Ascaris lumbricoides (6.14%) were most prevalent parasites.

English Abstract↗
PubMed2006

Asthma and current intestinal parasite infection: systematic review and meta-analysis.

RATIONALE: Epidemiologic studies suggest that intestinal parasite infections may protect against asthma. OBJECTIVES: A systematic review and meta-analysis of epidemiologic studies to determine whether total or species-specific current parasite infection is associated with a reduced risk of asthma or wheeze. METHODS: We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, and CINAHL (up to January 2006); reviews; and reference lists from publications, with no language restrictions. We included studies that reported asthma or wheeze as an outcome measure and ascertained parasite infection by fecal examination. We estimated pooled odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) using data extracted from published papers, or where available, original data provided by authors, using random effect models. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Thirty-three studies met the inclusion criteria. Infection with any parasite was associated with a small, nonsignificant increase in asthma risk (OR, 1.24; 95% CI, 0.98-1.57; 29 studies). In species-specific analysis, Ascaris lumbricoides was associated with significantly increased odds of asthma (OR, 1.34; 95% CI, 1.05-1.71; 20 studies), while hookworm infection was associated with a significantly strong reduction (OR, 0.50; 95% CI, 0.28-0.90; 9 studies) that was directly and significantly related to infection intensity (p < 0.001; OR for highest tertile of infection, 0.34; 95% CI, 0.19-0.62). Other species had no significant effects on asthma. Infection effects on wheeze were derived from smaller numbers, but revealed a broadly similar pattern of results. CONCLUSIONS: Parasite infections do not in general protect against asthma, but infection with hookworm may reduce the risk of this disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

A survey of intestinal parasites in students of Adult Educational Center in Sivas, Turkey.

The prevalence of intestinal parasites in students of Adult Educational Center (Halk Egitim Merkezi) in Sivas, Turkey was assessed. All of the students were females and their age ranged from 12 to 46 with a mean age of 19. Diagnosis was made following examination of stool specimens and cellophane tape preparations (CTP). From each stool specimen only one preparation prepared in saline was searched for both protozoon and helminth parasites. A total of 524 stool specimens and 504 CTP were examined. One or more parasites were detected in 34.5% the former and 23.8% of the latter. When the findings in both specimens were combined the infection rate raised to 48.0%. 176 of the 485 students harboured one, whereas 57 had more than one parasite; 87 had only protozoa, 104 only helminths whereas 42 were infected with parasites of the two groups. The rate of parasites found was as follows: G. intestinalis 8.2%, E. histolytica 1.2%, E. coli 17.9%, A. lumbricoides 2.3%, T. trichiura 0.8%, E. vermicularis 12.6%, T. saginata 16.7%, H. nana 1.0%, and others 0.6. Findings were evaluated from several points.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Intestinal parasites of the grey fox (Pseudalopex culpaeus) in the central Peruvian Andes.

The intestines of 20 grey Peruvian foxes (Pseudalopex culpaeus) were examined for the presence of Echinococcus granulosus and other intestinal parasites. Echinococcus granulosus was not found in foxes but Taenia hydatigena and T. multiceps were found in 7 and 4 animals respectively. The grey fox may not be a suitable definitive host for E. granulosus. However, it may act as a sylvatic reservoir of T. hydatigena and T. multiceps in the central Peruvian Andes.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Survey of the prevalence of intestinal parasites in children of primary school age.

A survey of the prevalence of intestinal parasites in primary school children was carried out in Nimo in Njikoka Local Government Area of Anambra State, Nigeria. Stool samples were taken from children belonging to eight (8) primary schools in the area. Of the 1,536 stool samples examined using light microscopy after formalether centrifugation, 922 (60%) harboured one or more parasites. The prevalence of the parasites was as follows: Ascaris lumbricoides (20.8%); Trichuris trichiura, (15.3%); Necator americanus (13.0%); Entamoeba histolytica (6.8%); Taenia saginata (2.3%); Strongyloides stercoralis (1.3%); Schistosoma mansoni (0.3%); Giardia lamblia (0.1%). The overall infection was 31.9% for males and 27.5% for females. Infection was more prevalent in male and female children (10-12 years). Mixed infections were observed. Entamoeba histolytica combinations with other disease agents were more frequently encountered. The public health significance of these disease agents and methods of prevention were discussed.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1992

Intestinal parasites in returned travelers.

Travelers returning from third-world countries may become infected with a variety of intestinal parasites. Although protozoan infections are more frequently seen, intestinal worms are also encountered. If considered in the differential diagnosis, these infections usually are readily diagnosed and treated.

Humans↗
PubMed1979

Enteral and parenteral feeding to evaluate malabsorption in intestinal parasitism.

General evidence of malnutrition such as loss in body weight associated with intestinal parasitism has been attributed to decreased food intake, to intestinal malabsorption, and to change in host basal metabolism. To establish the relative importance of these factors in this regard, rats with trichinosis were studied. The weights of infected and uninfected animals were followed after being placed on one of three feeding regimens for 1 week--stock diet ad libitum, intraduodenal nutrition, and intravenous nutrition. Infected rats on a stock diet lost weight whereas those on the other two regimens maintained the same weight pattern as uninfected counterparts. The maintainance of body weight occurred despite alterations at the level of the intestinal brush border as indicated by a depression of intestinal disaccharidase activities (sucrase and lactase) and by reduction of monosaccharide absorption (measured as accumulation of beta-methyl glucoside) in the proximal, heavily infected region of the small intestine. There was no compensatory increase in enzyme activity nor in the absorptive capacity in the distal gut. Results support the conclusion that inadequate oral food intake rather than changes in basal metabolism or intestinal pathophysiology accounts for weight loss during the intestinal phase of infection.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

The effect of some ecological factors on the intestinal parasite loads of the Asian elephant (Elephas maximus) in southern India.

Some ecological factors that might potentially influence intestinal parasite loads in the Asian elephant (Elephas maximus Linn.) were investigated in the Nilgiris, southern India. Fresh dung samples from identified animals were analysed, and the number of eggs/g of dung used as an index of parasite load. Comparisons across seasons and habitats revealed that parasite loads were significantly higher during the dry season than the wet season, but were not different between the dry-deciduous and dry-thorn forests in either season. After accounting for the effect of age on body condition, there was no correlation between body condition, assessed visually using morphological criteria, and parasite load in either season. Individuals of different elephant herds were not characterized by distinct parasite communities in either season. When intra-individual variation was examined, samples collected from the same individual within a day differed significantly in egg densities, while the temporal variation over several weeks or months (within a season) was much less. Egg densities within dung piles were uniform, enabling a simpler collection method henceforth.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

[A survey of intestinal parasites of the foreign laborers (Indonesians and Filipinos) in Ishikawa Prefecture].

A survey of intestinal parasites was conducted on 198 foreign workers aged 19-27 from Inodonesia and Philippines. They work for a private company in Ishikawa Prefecture as technical trainee. On the base of stool examination, 94 (71%) out of 133 Indonesians and 48 (74%) of 65 Filipinos had intestinal helminths and/or protozoan infections. The prevalence of Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichura and Hookworm was 4.5, 64.1, 10.6%, respectively. In addition, the positive rate of the cyst of Entamoeba coli, Endolimax nana, Blastocystis hominis and Giardia lumblia was 11.1, 5.6, 4.5 and 2.0%, respectively. No E. histolytica was found; however, counter current immunoelectrophoresis revealed that one out of 112 sera possessed the antibody against the antigen of HK-9 strain of E. histolytica. Sixty-three cases of trichuriasis were treated with mebendazole at a dose of 200 mg/day x 3 consecutive days. Re-examination revealed that 53 (85.5%) of them were cured.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Intestinal parasitic infections of urban and rural children on Pemba Island: implications for control.

The intestinal parasites of the schoolchildren from one rural area and one urban area, both on Pemba Island, Zanzibar, Tanzania, were surveyed within the framework of the local Helminth Control Programme. Stool samples were examined for helminth eggs and protozoa by quantitative (Kato-Katz) and concentration (formalin-ether) techniques. The results indicate that intestinal helminthiases represent a significant public health problem in the study areas. All the subjects were found to be infected with helminths, most (> 97%) with more than one species. Hookworms and Trichuris appear to constitute the most serious challenges to the schoolchildren, both in terms of prevalence and intensity of infection. There were no significant differences between the results from the urban area and those from the rural area. The observations are important in the planning of control activities.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

Nematode intestinal parasites of children in rural Guinea, Africa: prevalence and relationship to geophagia.

BACKGROUND: Intestinal parasitism is common among children in developing countries, but the risk factors for infection are not well characterized. METHODS: A stool examination was performed on 286 randomly selected children aged 1-18 years from three rural villages in Guinea, Africa. Information collected by questionnaire was used to examine the relationship between geophagia and infection with intestinal nematodes acquired by ingestion versus skin penetration. RESULTS: Fifty-three per cent of children were infected by at least one type of soil-transmitted nematode. Geophagia was reported by parents to occur in 57%, 53%, and 43%, of children ages 1-5, 6-10, and 11-18 years, respectively. The pattern of geophagia by age and gender of the children more closely resembled the infection pattern for the two orally acquired and soil-transmitted nematodes (Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura) than it did the infection pattern for the two soil-transmitted nematodes that infect by skin penetration (hookworm, Strongyloides stercoralis). CONCLUSIONS: These findings demonstrate that geophagia is an important risk factor for orally acquired nematode infections in African children. Education regarding geophagia prevention should be an integral component of any soil-transmitted parasite control programme.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

[The occurrence of intestinal parasites among children attending first classes of the elementary schools in Poland in the school year 1997/1998].

OBJECTIVE: The studies were undertaken to: (i) evaluate the epidemiological situation of infections with intestinal parasites among seven-year-old children attending first classes of the elementary schools in 25 provinces of Poland (ii) answer the question concerning an influence of the summer flood 1997 on the epidemiological situation of intestinal parasitoses in the affected regions. METHODS: The studies included 30,110 children, i.e. 10% of the population of seven-year-olds, in the provinces under study, and were based on the examination of a single faecal specimen and a cellophane swab using the following methods: wet mount preparations in 0.9% NaCl and diluted Lugol,s iodine, zinc sulphate centrifugal flotation and decantation. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: The parasites most frequently encountered in the examinations included: Enterobius vermicularis (in 16.45% of the examined), Ascaris lumbricoides (2.8%), Giardia intestinalis (1.02%), Entamoeba coli (0.73%), Trichuris trichiura (0.29%). The obtained results confirmed the decreasing frequency of infections with intestinal parasites in Poland and indicated that the summer flood of 1997 had a little influence on the epidemiological situation of intestinal parasitoses in the affected regions.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Prevalence of intestinal parasite infections with special reference to Entamoeba histolytica on the island of Bioko (Equatorial Guinea).

The prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections was assessed (1993 through 1995) among two different groups of persons on the island of Bioko, Equatorial Guinea. In the first group, parasitologic examinations were performed on stool specimens from a household-based sample of 557 dwellers from the rural area of the island. In the second group, 1,633 inpatients and outpatients at the General Hospital of Malabo (the capital of the country) were studied. All age groups were represented in both groups. The average prevalence of the most common protozoan and helminthic intestinal infections in rural and urban areas, respectively, was as follows: Entamoeba histolytica/E. dispar (14.9% and 32.7%, respectively), Giardia lamblia (7.2% and 8.6%), Ascaris lumbricoides (45.8% and 31.4%), and Trichuris trichiura (25.7% and 36.4%). Seventy-nine sera from patients with amebic liver abscess (suspected by ultrasonography) were studied by an immunohemagglutination assay, with 44 (56%) showing anti-E. histolytica titers > or = 1:32. Of these 79 sera, 71 were studied by an enzyme immunoassay, 86% of which were positive with titers > or = 1:64. This study showed that parasitic infections in Equatorial Guinea represent a major health problem.

Animals↗