Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Hyperopia”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 343 records · Page 19Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

[Progressive hyperopia after radial keratotomy. A new etiological hypothesis: early keratoconus].

As we routinely perform preop computer-assisted video-topography of the cornea in candidates for refractive surgery, we were able to recognize early keratoconus in more than 10% of the cases. Many undetected early keratoconus have been operated on in the 80's. We suggest a possible correlation between early keratoconus and increasing effect of radial keratotomy. The arguments of presumption are founded on clinical observations, knowledge about pathogenesis of keratoconus related to the mechanism of action of radial keratotomy, and epidemiologic considerations.

Female↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Corneal shape in hyperopia.

Background: A trend towards decreased peripheral corneal flattening with increasing myopia has recently been demonstrated. The present study was conducted to determine whether corneal asphericity also varies significantly with hyperopic refractive error. Methods: Thirty-five eyes with spherical equivalent refractive error ranging from -0.37 D to +6.00 D were examined. A conicoid equation was fitted to videokeratoscopic (Topographic Modeling System) data and corneal asphericity and apical radius of curvature values were calculated for each subject. Axial length measurements were made using a hand-held biometric ruler. Keratometry was also performed on each eye. Results: The relationship between corneal asphericity (Q) and spherical equivalent refractive error was not statistically significant (p = 0.7419). In addition, no association could be demonstrated between Q and corneal radius of curvature or between Q and axial length. Corneal radius of curvature was positively correlated with axial length (r = 0.367, p = 0.0298). Axial length was found to decrease as hyperopic refractive error increased (r = 0.753, p = 0.0001). Conclusions: For hyperopic eyes, corneal asphericity does not appear to be significantly correlated with refractive error, a finding that is at variance with previous data for myopic eyes showing an association between these two variables. The results suggest that there may be differences between hyperopic and myopic eyes with regard to the anterior segment changes that occur during refractive error development.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2000

Hyperopic laser in situ keratomileusis with the Nidek EC-5000 excimer laser.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy, safety, and predictability of hyperopic laser in situ keratomileusis (H-LASIK) using modified software. DESIGN: Retrospective, noncomparative case series. PARTICIPANTS: The first 72 consecutive eyes of 44 patients with up to +5.00 diopters (D) hyperopia. INTERVENTION: Hyperopic LASIK using the Automatic Corneal Shaper (ACS; Chiron Vision, Claremont, CA) and the Nidek EC-5000 excimer laser (Nidek, Tokyo, Japan). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Uncorrected visual acuity, manifest spherical equivalent (MSE), best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), and complications were studied. RESULTS: At 6 months, in the low hyperopia group (<3.00 D), mean MSE was +0.30 +/- 0.71 D, with 88.9% eyes within 1 D of emmetropia compared with +1.09 +/- 0.92 D and 51.8% within 1 D of emmetropia in the moderate hyperopia group (> or =3.00 D; P = 0.003). Uncorrected visual acuity was 20/40 or better in 43 of 45 eyes (95.6%) and in 21 of 27 (77.8%) eyes in the low and moderate hyperopia groups, respectively. Only one eye (1.4%) from the moderate hyperopia group lost two lines of BCVA. Eighteen eyes (25%) required retreatment to correct residual hyperopia, 9 eyes (20.0%) in the low hyperopia group and 9 eyes (33.3%) in the moderate hyperopia group. Retreatments resulted in an MSE of +0.02 +/- 0.45 D and +0.04 +/- 0.73 D in the low and moderate hyperopia groups, respectively. No flap-related complications were seen. CONCLUSIONS: Hyperopic LASIK with the ACS and the Nidek EC-5000 excimer laser using our modified software is a safe, effective, and predictable procedure for low hyperopia. Results are satisfactory up to moderate hyperopia. Significant regression can occur for low and moderate hyperopia. Retreatment can be performed safely and effectively to improve the visual and refractive results.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Long-term evaluation of hyperopic laser in situ keratomileusis.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy, safety, and predictability of hyperopic laser in situ keratomileusis (H-LASIK). SETTING: Departments of Ophthalmology, Hadassah University Hospital, Jerusalem, and Assaf Harofeh Medical Center, Zerifin, Israel. METHODS: This prospective noncomparative case series studied the results of H-LASIK in the first 92 consecutive eyes of 50 patients with up to +10.25 diopters (D) of hyperopia. For analysis, the patients were divided into 3 groups based on preoperative hyperopia: low hyperopia (< +3.00 D), moderate hyperopia (> or = +3.00 to 6.00 D), and high hyperopia (> or = +6.00 D). RESULTS: Forty-two patients, 77 eyes (83.7%), were followed for at least 12 months. At 12 months, the mean manifest spherical equivalent was +0.33 +/- 0.65 D (93.1% of eyes within +/-1.0 D of the intended correction) in the low myopia group, +0.21 +/- 0.60 D (92.3% within +/-1.0 D of the intended correction) in the moderate hyperopia group, and +1.62 +/- 1.50 D (36.4% within +/-1.0 D of the intended correction) in the high hyperopia group. The uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) was 20/40 or better in all eyes (100%), 24 eyes (92.3%), and 13 eyes (59.1%) in the low, moderate, and high hyperopia groups, respectively. Comparing the UCVA at the last examination with the best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) before surgery in all patients showed that 59 eyes (76.6%) were within +/-1 line and 18 eyes (23.4%) were within +/-2 or more lines of the preoperative BCVA. Three eyes (3.9%) in the high hyperopia group lost 2 or more lines of BCVA. Three eyes (3.9%) had flap- related complications. Eight patients (15 eyes) with a follow-up less than 12 months did not have intraoperative or postoperative complications. CONCLUSION: Laser in situ keratomileusis was a safe, effective, and predictable procedure for hyperopia up to +6.0 D and less predictable for higher hyperopia.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Hyperopic laser in situ keratomileusis: primary and secondary treatments are safe and effective.

PURPOSE: To retrospectively analyze the safety and efficacy of hyperopic laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) treatment of eyes with primary hyperopia and consecutive hyperopia after initial myopic treatment. METHODS: Thirty-two eyes of 19 patients with primary hyperopia (group 1) and 37 eyes of 26 patients with consecutive hyperopia after initial myopic LASIK overcorrection (group 2) that had LASIK for hyperopia with the Hansatome microkeratome and VISX S2 Smoothscan excimer laser with 6 months' follow-up after surgery were analyzed. Uncorrected visual acuity, best spectacle-corrected visual acuity, fogged manifest refraction, and corneal topography with corneal irregularity measurement (CIM) were evaluated 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months after surgery. RESULTS: In group 1, the mean preoperative cycloplegic spherical equivalent was +4.0 +/- 4.5 diopters (D) (range, +1.5 to + 8.75 D) and the 6-month postoperative cycloplegic spherical equivalent was +0.26 +/- 1.74 D (range, -3.00 to +2.75 D). Fifty-three percent of eyes (n= 17) in group 1 were within 1 D of emmetropia. Sixty-six percent of eyes (n= 21) had uncorrected visual acuity of at least 20/40. Three eyes (9%) lost two lines of best spectacle-corrected visual acuity. Changes in uncorrected visual acuity, best spectacle-corrected visual acuity, spherical equivalent, and the CIM topographic index 6 months after surgery were statistically significant compared with the preoperative values. In group 2, the mean preoperative cycloplegic spherical equivalent was +1.58 +/- 0.35 D (range, +0.125 to +2.75 D), and the mean postoperative cycloplegic spherical equivalent was -0.48 +/- 0.46 (range, -2.75 to +0.38 D). Eighty-six percent of eyes (n= 32) were within 1 D of emmetropia. Eighty-four percent of eyes (n= 31) in group 2 had uncorrected visual acuity of at least 20/40. One eye (2.7%) lost two lines of best spectacle-corrected visual acuity. Complications included an epithelial nest that resolved 3 months after surgery in one eye in group 2. CONCLUSIONS: LASIK is a relatively safe treatment of primary hyperopia and hyperopia resulting from overcorrection after initial LASIK treatment of myopia (consecutive hyperopia). Patients with high hyperopia (>5 D) are at risk for loss of two lines of best spectacle-corrected visual acuity. A reduction in the level of attempted correction appears to be necessary in the treatment of consecutive hyperopia.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pseudo-accommodative cornea: a new concept for correction of presbyopia.

PURPOSE: Efficacy, predictability, stability, and safety of multifocal ablation with a peripheral near zone for correction of myopia, hyperopia, and presbyopia was assessed. METHODS: We performed a retrospective study of 83 hyperopic eyes and 77 myopic eyes. Baseline mean spherical equivalent refraction in the hyperopia group was +1.54 +/- 0.90 D (range 0 to +4.00 D) and in the myopia group, -4.31 +/- 2.62 D (range -12.00 to -0.25 D). Mean near addition was 2.40 D in the hyperopia group and 1.75 D in the myopia group. All eyes had multifocal laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) with a peripheral near zone, using a Nidek EC-5000 excimer laser. Pseudoaccommodative cornea (PAC) software version 6T was used to calculate the multistep ablation profile. RESULTS: Three months after surgery, 80 eyes (96.4%) of the hyperopia group and 75 eyes (97.4%) of the myopia group were examined. Postoperative mean spherical equivalent refraction was -0.19 +/- 0.58 D (range -1.75 to +1.00 D) in the hyperopia group and -0.50 +/- 0.75 D (range -2.50 to -0.75 D) in the myopia group. Fifty-eight eyes (72.5%) of the hyperopia group and 50 eyes (66.7%) of the myopia group were within +/-0.50 D of emmetropia. One percent of eyes in the hyperopia group and no eyes in the myopia group lost 2 or more lines of BSCVA; 5% of eyes in the hyperopia group and 12% eyes in the myopia group gained 2 or more lines of BSCVA. Mean near addition was 0.11 D in the hyperopia group and 0.07 in the myopia group. Binocular unaided near visual acuity was J3 or better in all eyes of both groups and J1 or better in 35% eyes in the hyperopia group and 41% of eyes in the myopia group. CONCLUSION: Multistep multifocal ablation with a peripheral near zone using the Nidek EC-5000 excimer laser and PAC software version 6T was effective, predictable, stable, and relatively safe over a period of 3 months.

Accommodation, Ocular↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Laser in situ keratomileusis for hyeropia and hyperopic astigmatism.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy, stability, and safety of laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) for hyperopia and hyperopic astigmatism using a prospective clinical trial. METHODS: LASIK was performed using the Automatic Corneal Shaper and the Keracor 117C excimer laser on 192 hyperopic eyes with astigmatism of less than 1.00 D (spherical group) and 164 hyperopic eyes with corneal astigmatism of 1.00 to 7.50 D (toric group). RESULTS: At 12 months after LASIK, 110 eyes were available for follow-up examination. In low spherical hyperopia (+1.00 to +3.00 D), 13 eyes (55%) were within +/-0.50 D of emmetropia and none lost 2 or more lines of spectacle-corrected visual acuity. In low toric hyperopia (+1.00 to +3.00 D), 14 eyes (61%) were within +/-0.50 D and none lost 2 or more lines of spectacle-corrected visual acuity. In moderate spherical hyperopia (+3.10 to +5.00 D) 9 eyes (44%) were within +/-0.50 D and none lost 2 or more lines of spectacle-corrected visual acuity and in moderate toric hyperopia (+3.10 to +5.00 D) 5 eyes (36%) were within +/-0.50 D and 2 eyes (14%) lost 2 or more lines of spectacle-corrected visual acuity. In high spherical hyperopia (+5.10 to +9.00 D), 6 eyes (38%) were within +/-0.50 D and 2 eyes (13%) lost 2 or more lines of spectacle-corrected visual acuity, and in high toric hyperopia (+5.10 to +9.50 D) 4 eyes (31%) were within +/-0.50 D and 2 eyes (15%) lost 2 or more lines of spectacle-corrected visual acuity. CONCLUSIONS: LASIK seems to be reasonably effective and safe in spherical hyperopia of +1.00 to +5.00 D but less effective for hyperopic astigmatism. For hyperopia greater than +5.00 D, loss of spectacle-corrected visual acuity occurred in a significant number of eyes and accuracy was sufficiently poor to advise against LASIK in these eyes.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Hyperopic automated lamellar keratoplasty: complications and visual results.

OBJECTIVE: To examine the long-term safety and efficacy of hyperopic automated lamellar keratoplasty (H-ALK) for correction of primary hyperopia and for consecutive hyperopia following overcorrected myopic refractive surgery. METHODS: A prospective study was done on 67 eyes of 50 consecutive patients who underwent H-ALK between March 17, 1993, and August 18, 1995. Hyperopic automated lamellar keratoplasty was performed for primary hyperopia in 25 eyes (group 1) and for consecutive hyperopia after myopic refractive surgery in 42 eyes (group 2, radial keratotomy, 41 eyes, and myopic automated lamellar keratoplasty, 1 eye). The eyes were followed up for a mean+/-SD of 19.2+/-12.8 months (range, 3-49 months), 58 (87%) of them with 6 months' follow-up, and 45 (67%) of them with at least 1 year's follow-up. Twenty-one eyes were followed up for 2 to 4 years. RESULTS: The overall mean+/-SD preoperative spherical equivalent was +2.87+/-1.28 diopters (D). The mean+/-SD postoperative spherical equivalent was -0.03+/-1.42 D at 3 months, -0.42+/-2.25 D at 6 months, -0.55+/-3.00 D at 1 year, -1.58+/-1.53 D at 2 years, and -0.35+/-1.79 D at the last follow-up. A mean myopic shift of 0.50 D was noted between 3 months and 1 year, and of 1.00 D between 1 and 2 years. Hyperopia was meaningfully reduced and visual acuity was improved by H-ALK, especially for patients with primary hyperopia. Long-term refractive instability, however, is a serious problem with this procedure. In this series, 11 (26%) of 42 eyes in which H-ALK was performed for consecutive hyperopia developed iatrogenic keratoconus. CONCLUSION: Based on this study, the long-term instability of H-ALK and the high incidence of iatrogenic keratoconus following the procedure should discourage its use, especially for consecutive hyperopia following radial keratotomy.

Adult↗