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At least 343 records · Page 19Linked to original sources
PubMed2006

Measurement of a genotoxic hydrazine, agaritine, and its derivatives by HPLC with fluorescence derivatization in the agaricus mushroom and its products.

Agaricus blazei MURRILL mushroom products are sold as so-called health foods in Japan. However, a part of Agaricus is known to contain hydrazines. A sensitive and specific method for analyzing a genotoxic hydrazine, agaritine, and its derivatives was developed to assess the safety of Agaricus products. beta-N-(gamma-L(+)-Glutamyl)-4-(hydroxymethyl)phenylhydrazine (agaritine, AGT), 4-hydrazinylbenzylalcohol (HMPH), 4-hydrazinylbenzoic acid (CPH), 4-methylphenylhydrazine (MPH) and phenylhydrazine (PH) were converted to their correspond-ing fluorescent derivatives with 3,4-dihydro-6,7 dimethoxy-4-methyl-3-oxoquinoxaline-2-carbonyl chloride (DMEQ-COCl) as the fluorescence derivatization reagent. The detection limits (S/N=3) for CPH, AGT, PH and MPH were 422, 45.3, 16.5 and 138 fmol, respectively, in a 20 microl injection volume. Recoveries, achieved by adding known AGT amounts to the Agaricus sample and Agaricus products, ranged from 92.8 to 102%. By using this method which does not require partial purification of the Agaricus sample, the amounts of AGT in several types of foods were found to be 112-1836 microg/g dry weight.

Agaricales↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Kinetic study of the hydrodechlorination of trichloroethene in water using a platinum catalyst and hydrazine.

Column experiments were used to measure the hydrodechlorination rate of relatively high concentrations of trichloroethene (TCE) (approximately 100 mg L(-1)). Trichloroethene in water was treated with a platinum on titania (Pt-TiO2) catalyst and hydrazine. The influence of some experimental conditions (i.e., flowrate, temperature, and pH) on the catalytic conversion of TCE was studied. The pseudo-first-order rate constant of the overall hydrodechlorination of TCE was approximately 1 x 10(-3) to 1 x 10(-2) s(-1) in the temperature range of 283 to 328 K and was determined from the dependence of the TCE conversion on the contact time of the feed water with the catalyst by assuming first-order kinetics. The activation energy of the catalytic hydrodechlorination of TCE was calculated as approximately 34 kJ/mol from the temperature dependence of the rate constant. The TCE conversion increases with increasing pH, and probably correlates with the presence of un-ionized hydrazine.

Carcinogens↗
PubMed1993

Dansyl hydrazine labeling of polysaccharide bodies in human brain.

A method is described for selective fluorescent staining of polysaccharide bodies, such as those found in Alzheimer's disease, Lafora's disease and adult polyglucosan disease. Formalin fixed, paraffin embedded sections of human autopsied brain tissue were stained with the fluorescent compound dansyl hydrazine. It specifically stained polysaccharide bodies in tissue sections with great sensitivity and little background. The dansyl hydrazine staining technique also reveals a high degree of structural detail in the stained tissues.

Aging↗
PubMed1975

Mutagenic activity of hydrazine and its combinations with maleic mydrazide and X-rays in barley.

The study was undertaken to investigate the mutagenic activity of hydrazine hydrate a structural isomer of the nucleic acid base thymidine in barley. The treatments were administered alone or in the presence of maleic hydrazide and X-rays. Hydrazine was able to produce chlorophyll mutations in the M1-generation itself if applied alone, in a mixture or as a last treatment in a sequence. In the M2-generation, however, segregation for chlorophyll mutations was observed in all the treatments. The possible mode of action of the mutagen is discussed.

Edible Grain↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Effect of aniline and hydrazine derivatives on reversible oxygen addition in model systems of cobalt complexes of etioporphyrin and alpha, beta, gamma, delta-tetraphenylporphine].

The influence of aniline and hydrazine derivatives on the reversible oxygenation of cobaltous complexes of etioporphyrin I and alpha,beta,gamma,delta-tetraphenylporphin has been studied by means of ESR and electronic spectra. The formation of stable six-coordinated complexes with the said reagents prevents the oxygenation. The excess of hydrazines cause the destruction of porphyrin nucleus. The formation of intermediate dihydroporphyrins (chlorins) has been noticed.

Aniline Compounds↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Residual neurobehavioral impairment in a water technician exposed to hydrazine-containing mixtures.

Residual neurobehavioral impairment in concentration, comprehension, memory, task performance and mood status persisted in a water technician with respiratory and dermal exposures to hydrazine-containing mixtures prior to treatment with steroids for concurrent thrombocytopenia. The findings call attention to the possibility that residual neurobehavioral impairment may be an effect of exposure to hydrazine mixtures.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Hydrazine--a possible cause of isoniazid--induced hepatic necrosis.

Pharmacokinetic parameters of isoniazid, hydrazine (a metabolite of isoniazid), rifampicin and pyrazinamide in a 74-year-old man with pulmonary tuberculosis who died of submassive hepatic necrosis eight days after starting antituberculosis therapy were compared with those of other elderly patients who did not develop hepatotoxicity. Steady-state plasma hydrazine and rifampicin concentrations in this patient exceeded twice the mean +/- 2 SD value for the group of patients without hepatotoxicity, while concentrations for isoniazid and pyrazinamide were comparable. The findings suggest that HYD may have a role in isoniazid-induced hepatic necrosis.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1991

[Treatment of onychomycosis with hydrazine hydrate].

The antimycotic efficacy and tolerability of hydrazine hydrate was assessed in an open study in 87 patients with onychomycosis. After six months of treatment 47% of the patients were cured, and in further 39% a marked improvement of the clinical symptoms was seen. The results show that hydrazine hydrate leads to remarkable therapeutic success in onychomycosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[The results of a clinical study of the preparation hydrazine sulfate].

The paper discusses results of a cooperative study of effectiveness of hydrazine sulfate therapy in 740 patients with primary advanced, recurrent and metastatic solid tumors and malignant lymphomas who had failed all other treatment modalities. Both objective response and symptomatic effect were assessed. Objective response was observed in neuroblastoma, recurrent desmoid, Hodgkin's disease, lung cancer, fibrosarcoma and other tumors. Since hydrazine sulfate provided relief of a wide spectrum of cancer symptoms, it may be recommended for patients with end-stage cancer.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Cytotoxic and DNA-damaging effects of 1,2-bis(sulfonyl)hydrazines on human cells of the Mer+ and Mer- phenotype.

A series of 1,2-bis(sulfonyl)hydrazines with the capacity to function as alkylating agents have been evaluated for their toxicity towards Mer- HT29 and Mer- BE cells, and for their ability to produce DNA damage expressed as single-strand breaks and DNA interstrand cross-links. Compounds of this class with methylating potential showed a marked difference in their capacity to inhibit the growth of Mer- and Mer+ cells, being considerably more toxic to BE Mer- cells. Dose-dependent DNA single-strand breaks were induced by these agents, with the quantity of breaks produced in Mer- and Mer+ cells being essentially the same. Maintenance of these lesions did not appear to explain the differential in toxicity to BE and HT29 cells. A chloroethylating compound of this class was also more toxic to Mer- BE cells than to Mer+ HT29 cells, but the differential toxicity was considerably less than that of the methylating agents of the series. The chloroethylating agent did not produce measurable single-strand breaks of the DNA of treated cells, but caused more DNA interstrand cross-links in Mer- cells than in Mer+ cells. Thus, DNA interstrand cross-links may be at least in part responsible for the cell kill produced by this agent. The findings suggest that methylating and chloroethylating derivatives of the 1,2-bis(sulfonyl)hydrazine family have different biochemical determinants of their cytodestructive actions.

Alkylating Agents↗
PubMed1989

Recognition of tRNA by the enzyme ATP/CTP:tRNA nucleotidyltransferase. Interference by nucleotides modified with diethyl pyrocarbonate or hydrazine.

Treatment of tRNA with diethyl pyrocarbonate or hydrazine prior to incubation with the enzyme ATP/CTP:tRNA nucleotidyltransferase and [alpha-32P]ATP results in exclusion of modified bases from labeled molecules. Purines modified with diethyl pyrocarbonate, which interfere with enzyme recognition, cluster at the corner of the tRNA molecule, where the D- and psi-loops are juxtaposed in all 15 tRNAs used in this study. When the enzyme is isolated from Escherichia coli, few other sites of interference are evident near the 3'-end; when the homologous enzyme from yeast is used, more exclusions are apparent near the 3'-end. Modification of uridines with hydrazine has no effect on interaction with the enzyme, except for one uridine near the 3'-end of tRNA(Gly). Interference of enzyme activity by modified bases can be overcome by longer incubation times or increased concentrations of enzyme.

Diethyl Pyrocarbonate↗
PubMed1985

Studies in spiro heterocycles. Part 4(1): Investigation of the reactions of fluorinated 3-aroylmethylene-indol-2-ones with hydrazine and phenylhydrazine and synthesis of spiro [indole-3,3'-pyrazol]-2-ones.

Reactions of various 3-aroylmethylene-indol-2-ones with hydrazine and phenylhydrazine under exactly similar conditions have been carried out. The reaction with phenylhydrazine has not been investigated earlier. It was found that although the reaction with hydrazine hydrate afforded a spiro derivative viz., spiro[3H-indole-3,3'-(3H)pyrazol]-2(1H)-one, that with phenylhydrazine yielded simply a hydrazone derivative. Representative spiro compounds have been screened for antifertility activity but none was found active at a dose of 10 mg/kg in adult female rats.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Levels of acetyl hydrazines and rate of acetylation of isoniazid in adult tuberculosis patients.

Patients suffering from pulmonary tuberculosis were investigated for the levels of isoniazid (INH) and its metabolites viz. acetyl-INH, mono and diacetyl hydrazines and ammonia. It was observed that 50% of the patients are slow inactivators of INH and almost all show an increase in circulating levels of NH3 at 6 hrs. Mono and diacetyl hydrazine levels in blood and urine were detectable in all the patients up+o 24 hrs though the maximum levels were observed at different intervals after the intake of INH.

Acetylation↗
PubMed1978

Potentiation by clofibrate of in-vivo tumor inhibition by hydrazine sulfate and cytotoxic agents, in Walker 256 carcinosarcoma.

Clofibrate as a sole agent was found to have statistically perceptible antitumor effects against the in vivo growth of Walker 256 intramuscular carcinosarcoma in rats. Clofibrate was also found to potentiate the antitumor effect of hydrazine sulfate, cytotoxic drugs and the combination of hydrazine sulfate + cytotoxic drug. The results suggest that substances which might directly or indirectly interfere with host lipogenesis and/or lipolysis, may also have adjunctal antitumor potential.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Indirect alkylation of CBA mouse liver DNA and RNA by hydrazine in vivo. A possible mechanism of action as a carcinogen.

Treatment of inbred CBA mice with hydrazine sulfate, a liver carcinogen, plus [14C]formate or L-[methyl-14C]-methionine as a source of "C1" units, produced [14C]7-methylguanine (7-MG) in liver DNA and RNA. This methylated guanine was identified by its chromatographic characteristics in three different systems: on Sephadex G10, on Dowex 50, and by paper co-chromatography with authentic 7-MG. Mice that received [14C]formate alone showed no 7-MG in their DNA or RNA. In addition, mice treated with L-[methyl-14C]methionine alone showed no 7-MG in their DNA. These results suggest that "indirect" alkylation of nucleic acids is a mechanism of cancer initiation by hydrazine.

Alkylating Agents↗
PubMed1984

[Gluconeogenesis during therapy of experimental tumors with hydrazine sulfate].

Experiments in vivo were made to examine the action of hydrazine sulfate on the gluconeogenesis in the liver and kidneys of rats with Zajdela's hepatoma and mice with lymphoma NK/Ly. The intensity of the gluconeogenesis in the liver descended and in the kidneys increased. These alterations did not affect blood glucose content in the test animals. The data obtained do not support the hypothesis that the mechanism of hydrazine sulfate action by an abrupt depression of the gluconeogenesis during malignant growth is the sole mechanism.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

[Allergic contact eczema to pyridine and hydrazine derivatives].

The case of a chemistry student with a severe bullous, eczematous allergic contact dermatitis and with a diagnosed sensitization towards pyridine and hydrazine derivatives is reported. The results of the group allergy testing are compared with those in the literature and the widespread occurrence of pyridine and hydrazine compounds is summarized in tables.

Adult↗