Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Gravity Suits”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 343 records · Page 19Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

The effects of antishock trouser inflation during hypothermic cardiovascular depression in the canine model.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the value and to identify any deleterious effects of antishock trouser use during hypothermic cardiovascular depression. Thirteen mongrels were made hypotensive by cooling to a core temperature of approximately 27 degrees C. Eight dogs had antishock trousers inflated for one hour and five dogs served as controls. Metabolic and hemodynamic variables were measured at regular intervals during cooling, during trouser inflation, and after trouser deflation. No study animal experienced ventricular fibrillation. Neither central temperature, pH, or serum potassium nor mean arterial BP or systemic vascular resistance were significantly affected by trouser inflation or deflation. Antishock trouser use during the early phase of hypothermia before rewarming does not appear to result in a central bolus of cold, acidotic, hyperkalemic blood or the precipitation of ventricular fibrillation. There appears to be no significant hemodynamic benefit of antishock trouser use early in the management of hypotension caused by moderate hypothermia.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Factors contributing to paramedic onscene time during evaluation and management of blunt trauma.

Prehospital patient management decisions are complex because the traumatized patient population is heterogeneous with respect to demographics, mechanism of injury, physiological response to injury, and time from injury to medical care. One hundred and nine blunt trauma patient evaluations by paramedics in a county-wide semirural emergency medical services (EMS) system were analyzed to determine paramedic time on the scene and the factors that might influence onscene time. Onscene time linearly correlated with a prolonged transport time. Hemodynamic and respiratory dysfunction were also associated with increased onscene time. Mean onscene time was not significantly different between high (greater than 13) and low (less than or equal to 13) trauma score (TS) groups, although patients with low TS did receive more interventions (more intravenous lines, more frequent intubation, and more frequent pneumatic antishock garment use). Similar results were found when high (greater than 10) and low (less than or equal to 10) Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) groups were compared. The correlation of emergency department TS with initial prehospital TS and onscene time demonstrated a small improvement in TS with increasing onscene time for the patient with an initial TS greater than or equal to 13. However, patient groups with either a low TS or a low GCS score showed no significant improvement in TS with increasing onscene time. Without a strict management algorithm, paramedics use a variety of cues to guide their actions during the onscene management of blunt trauma. Future studies should address the impact of strict management algorithms on onscene time and ultimate patient outcome.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Surgical delays and outcomes in patients treated with pneumatic antishock garments: a population-based study.

Until mid-1991, our emergency medical services (EMS) system required the routine application of pneumatic antishock garments (PASGs) in all trauma cases, and inflation of the garment if the patient was hypotensive (systolic blood pressure < 90 mm Hg). The findings in 398 trauma patients who underwent emergency surgery when PASG was still being routinely applied were compared with the findings in 590 trauma patients who underwent emergency surgery after routine PASG application had been discontinued. Since the discontinuation of routine PASG application, scene time intervals for "intermediate" blunt and penetrating trauma activations have not changed, but scene times for "full-activation" blunt trauma have actually increased (6.4 minutes with PASG and 9.5 minutes without PASG, P = .0004). Transport times were found to be a function of the type of trauma; patients with penetrating injuries were transported more rapidly (P < .0001) than patients with blunt trauma, even after controlling for injury severity and point of origin. Total time elapsed from EMS activation to the start of surgery for "full" activations, both blunt and penetrating, was unchanged (52.8 minutes with PASG and 53.8 minutes without PASG for penetrating trauma, 117.9 minutes with PASG and 105.1 minutes without PASG for blunt trauma). Times for "intermediate" activations did not change significantly. Length of intensive care unit (ICU) stay did not change. Within the subgroup of patients with femoral but not pelvic fractures, time spent at the scene of injury was shorter for patients treated with PASG than for those treated without (9.5 minutes v 14.5 minutes, P = .0066). Predicted and actual mortality rates were unchanged.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Cohort Studies↗
PubMed1983

Reassessing training levels for prehospital EMS personnel.

One of the major questions confronting prehospital care services today concerns determining the appropriate level of training for EMS personnel that will provide the most cost effective systems. Unfortunately there are no studies which assess this problem. Various communities have modified or expanded the roles of prehospital personnel beyond the traditional training of EMTs and paramedics. Continuing education and skills maintenance are ongoing problems faced by all EMS systems, which have been addressed in various ways by individual locales.

Allied Health Personnel↗
PubMed1984

Compartmental pressure measurements during application of the pneumatic antishock garment.

Recent case reports have implicated the pneumatic antishock garment (PASG) in the development of the compartment syndrome in the lower extremities. The present study used the anterolateral compartment of the canine hindlimb to model the effect of the PASG on tissue pressure within the compartment (Pc). Prior to inflation of the garment, baseline Pc was 5.3 mm Hg. PASG inflation to 60 mm Hg for 20 minutes resulted in an increase in Pc of 75.0 mm Hg over baseline values. The rise in Pc was reduced significantly following hemorrhage of the animal, measuring 65.8 mm Hg at a mean arterial pressure of 70 to 80 mm Hg and 62.5 mm Hg at a mean arterial pressure of 40 to 50 mm Hg. In the immediate postarrest state, Pc rise after a five-minute inflation of the garment was 57.5 mm Hg. In all cases, Pc promptly returned to baseline values when the PASG was deflated, and there was no significant change in Pc following deflation of the garment under conditions of normotension, hemorrhagic hypotension, and in the immediate postarrest state. Our results suggest that the level of arterial pressure may contribute to Pc rise during PASG inflation.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Infusion of intravenous fluids distal to pneumatic antishock trousers.

The pneumatic antishock trouser garment is a widely used adjunct in the stabilization of the hypotensive patient. Successful resuscitation may require infusion of intravenous (IV) solutions below the diaphragm. However, once all three sections of the pneumatic antishock trousers are inflated, the only IV access available below the diaphragm with the garment inflated is in the foot or ankle. To determine the feasibility of infusing IV solutions distal to the garment, an IV catheter was inserted percutaneously in an ankle or foot vein (saphenous if possible) of ten volunteers. With a Jobst three-section antishock air pants garment in place but deflated, each volunteer was injected via a 3-mL syringe with a measured amount of xenon 133 dissolved in 2 mL of normal saline. The 133Xe was then rapidly flushed with 250 mL of normal saline using a blood infusion hand pump. Time required for 133Xe to reach the central circulation was measured using a gamma emissions camera. The above procedure was then repeated with the garment inflated to 40 and then to 100 mm of mercury. There was no statistically significant difference in the amount of time to reach peak concentration of 133Xe in the thorax or in the time required to infuse 250 mL of normal saline via hand pump with the garment inflated to 0, 40, or 100 mm Hg. These results indicate that IV solutions may be rapidly infused under pressure distal to the pneumatic antishock trousers and reach the central circulation without significant delay.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Utility of military anti-shock trousers (MAST) in anaphylactic shock--a case report.

A 49-year-old man with severe anaphylactic hypotension deteriorated and developed an unmeasurable blood pressure despite vigorous intravenous (IV) fluid and epinephrine administration. Application of the lower body compression garment known as MAST (Military Anti-Shock Trousers) improved the patient's blood pressure and helped to stabilize it until additional fluids and vasopressors were administered; he survived without sequellae. We propose that augmentation of preload and afterload by MAST is a useful adjunct in severely hypotensive anaphylactic patients who do not respond initially to IV fluids and epinephrine.

Aminophylline↗
PubMed1986

Antishock trousers: a collective review.

Antishock trousers have become an integral part of emergency medical care for many traumatic and life-threatening emergencies. This article represents a summary of the current state of knowledge concerning the use of this device. A brief history of the development of antishock garments is discussed. This is followed by a discussion of human clinical studies and results of clinical research on hemodynamics, respiration, use in head injury, and effects on vascular hemostasis. Indications, contraindications, complications, and recommended procedure for use are discussed. Based on randomized prospective studies, antishock garments have not, as yet, been shown to improve patient morbidity or mortality. Proper use of antishock garments requires an understanding of both their function and their limitations.

Acidosis↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The use of military antishock trousers in trauma--a reevaluation.

The military antishock trousers (MAST) continue to be used widely. The physiologic mechanisms of action have been further elucidated. There are many potential complications associated with their use, some of which are serious. While most observations in the past were based on dog studies or human volunteers, clinical studies are now providing new information that questions the usefulness of the MAST.

Evaluation Studies as Topic↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Anesthetic implications of the child with homocystinuria.

We present a 7 1/2-year-old girl with type I homocystinuria who required anesthetic care during repair of bilateral ectopia lentis. Homocystinuria is an autosomal recessive disorder and represents the second most common error of amino acid metabolism. Defective function of the enzyme cystathionine synthetase results in elevated serum levels of methionine and homocysteine. Physiologic disturbances include an increased risk of thromboembolic events and hypoglycemia. Perioperative measures to prevent thromboembolic events include diet therapy to lower serum methionine and homocysteine levels, adequate preoperative hydration, maintenance of intraoperative cardiac output, and the use of pneumatic stockings to prevent peripheral stagnation of blood. Hypoglycemia is thought to be due to alterations in insulin release associated with high levels of circulating sulfur-containing amino acids such as methionine. Perioperative measures include normalization of serum methionine and administration of exogenous glucose during periods of fasting.

Anesthesia, General↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pelvic antishock sheeting.

The authors present a brief technique guide for the application of pelvic antishock sheeting. In the hypotensive blunt trauma patient with discernible pelvic instability, this field-acceptable measure may help to attain some degree of retroperitoneal hemostasis via indirect tamponade. The technique is explained and existing literature reviewed.

Bandages↗
PubMed2004

[Pneumatic anti-shock garment use leading to non-visualization of pelvic arterial bleeding on angiography].

Initial reports of pneumatic anti-shock garment (PASG) in severely hypotensive patients appeared promising. Nevertheless, large-scale studies in prehospital settings have shown no overall reduction in mortality rates among hypotensive patients with application of the PASG. However, in a subsample of patients with blood pressure < or =50 mmHg, PASG seems to be useful to reduce bleeding and improve survival. To our knowledge, our case report is the first which directly showns on angiography the hemostatic effect of PASG on pelvic trauma bleeding. In spite of its possible complications, PASG remains one of the tools of trained trauma teams who regularly treated severe haemorrhagic shock.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Pressure garments for use in the treatment of hypertrophic scars--a review of the problems associated with their use.

Pressure garments have been the mainstay of hypertrophic scar treatment since the 1970s. However, there are many problems associated with their use. This is the first in a series of papers on pressure garments that will review the literature published to date on the origins of pressure garments for hypertrophic scar treatment and the problems associated with current pressure garment use.

Burns↗
PubMed2006

A novel technique to determine pressure in pressure garments for hypertrophic burn scars and comfort properties.

Current recommendations state that pressure garments should be worn for up to 2 years for hypertrophic burn scars. Thermo-physiological properties of pressure garments were assessed by the thermo-physiological tests and a comparison of the fabric with a sportwool which is a single-jersey knitted fabric was performed. In this novel technique, it was aimed to determine the exact pressure of pressure garments on the applied body part. For the theoretical part of this study, the Laplace equation was used with an optimum pressure of 20 mmHg and a relationship between change in length versus circumference was calculated. To determine the change in length a ruler was prepared for each predetermined circumference value using this relationship. Grid printed fabric samples were prepared with an interval of 2 cm in width direction to be used for the calculation of mean pressure on a Mannequin Leg. The resultant mean pressure calculated experimentally on Mannequin Leg as 24 mmHg was compared to the optimum pressure of 20 mmHg. It was observed that the two values were not statistically significantly different.

Burns↗