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At least 343 records · Page 19Linked to original sources
PubMed2002

Once-daily tazarotene 0.1 % gel versus once-daily tretinoin 0.1 % microsponge gel for the treatment of facial acne vulgaris: a double-blind randomized trial.

The efficacy and tolerability of tazarotene 0.1% gel and tretinoin 0.1% microsponge gel were evaluated in a multicenter, double-blind, randomized, parallel-group study in patients with mild-to-moderate inflammatory facial acne vulgaris. A total of 169 patients were randomized to once-daily applications of one of these topical retinoids for 12 weeks. Both agents were associated with significant reductions from baseline in the noninflammatory and inflammatory lesion counts. Tazarotene treatment was associated with a significantly greater incidence of treatment success (defined as > or = 50% global improvement [67% vs 49%; P=.03]) and significantly greater reductions in overall disease severity (36% vs 26%; P=.02) and noninflammatory lesion count (60% vs 38% at week 12; P=.02) than tretinoin microsponge treatment. Both drugs were well tolerated, with mean levels of dryness, burning, pruritus, erythema, and peeling generally being no more than trace throughout the study. There were no clinically significant between-group differences in these measures of tolerability. Two patients in each group (2%) discontinued because of treatment-related adverse events. The mean amount of medication applied by the patients was 0.28 g per application with tazarotene and 0.41 g per application with tretinoin microsponge, resulting in cost-effectiveness ratios of $81.45 per treatment success with tazarotene and $108.24 per treatment success with tretinoin microsponge. Tazarotene was observed to have greater efficacy and comparable tolerability and to be a cost-effective alternative to tretinoin 0.1% microsponge gel.

Acne Vulgaris↗
PubMed2002

[Detection of apoptosis with gel eletrophoresis combined with computerized gel analysis system].

OBJECTIVE: To explore a new method for detecting cellular apoptosis. METHODS: Using routine electrophoresis assisted by computerized gel documentation analysis system(GDAS), apoptosis of the macrophages treated with dexamethasone was qualitatively and then quantitatively detected. RESULTS: Apoptosis occurred in the macrophages treated with dexamethasone, and DNA fragmentation of the apoptotic macrophages was visualized on 1% agarose gel electrophoresis. The apoptosis rates as determined by computerized GDAS were consistent with the results obtained from flow cytometry that showed typical apoptosis peak. CONCLUSION: Agarose gel electrophoresis assisted by computerized GDAS was relatively simple and less costly in qualitative and quantitative detection of apoptosis with precision.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Naftifine gel in the treatment of tinea pedis: two double-blind, multicenter studies. Naftifine Gel Study Group.

Three hundred and sixteen patients with a diagnosis of tinea pedis were evaluated in two multicenter, double-blind randomized studies. One hundred and fifty-nine patients applied naftifine gel 1 percent and 157 applied gel vehicle to affected areas twice daily for four weeks. At the end of treatment, the naftifine-treated groups had higher mycologic cure rates (66 percent and 63 percent) than the respective vehicle-treated groups (34 percent and 27 percent, p is less than 0.01 and p is less than 0.001). The rate of global improvement in patients' conditions and the reduction in the incidence and severity of most signs and symptoms was greater for naftifine-treated patients in both studies. The results of these studies indicate that twice-daily use of naftifine gel 1 percent is safe and significantly more effective than vehicle in the treatment of tinea pedis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Piroxicam gel versus diclofenac gel in active gonarthroses].

In this single-blind comparative study 97 patients suffering from activated gonarthrosis were treated with either 4 x 40 mg of diclofenac gel or 4 x 5 mg piroxicam gel. Owing to protocol violations, 28 patients were not included in the statistical evaluation. During the course of the treatment, a marked decrease in signs and symptoms was observed in the 69 patients included in the evaluation. In 80% of the patients, the treating physician assessed the efficacy of piroxicam gel as "good" or "excellent", in only 20% it was assessed as "moderate". In the diclofenac group, assessment of the results was positive in 74% of the patients. In 24% of the patients of this group, the physician's assessment of the success of the treatment was "not satisfactory". The majority of physicians and patients were satisfied with the toleration of the drugs used in this study. Only 2 patients (5.6%) of the piroxicam group and 4 patients (12.2%) of the diclofenac group were critical of local toleration. The results of this clinical trial show that the preparations used here are appropriate for local therapy of distortions of the ankle joint.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Ketoprofen 2.5% gel versus placebo gel in the treatment of acute soft tissue injuries.

A parallel, double-blind, placebo controlled and randomized study in a single center was done with ketoprofen 2.5% gel to treat acute soft tissue injuries. Patients applied the gel twice a day for seven days, corresponding to 250 mg of ketoprofen per day. Assessments were made on the third and seventh day by VAS, subjective evaluation and pain threshold algometry. The study group consisted of 29 patients and the control group 27 patients. Pain at rest was significantly relieved in the ketoprofen group, whereas in the placebo group the difference was not significant. In terms of side-effects, no difference between the groups was noticed. In both groups, local dermal irritation was found. Our results suggested that ketoprofen 2.5% gel was safe and superior to placebo in the treatment of soft tissue injuries.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1993

Fluorometric determination of DNA in agarose gels: usefulness for measurement of double-strand breaks in nonlabeled cells by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis.

Quantitative measurement of DNA in agarose gels, particularly as needed for measurement of double-strand breaks induced by agents such as radiation, usually involves the use of radioactively labeled DNA. Thus its usefulness is usually limited to growing cells which incorporate radiolabeled thymidine into DNA. To circumvent this problem, we have developed a fluorometric technique for quantitative estimation of DNA in the presence of large amounts of agarose. Gel slices are solubilized with concentrated sodium perchlorate and DNA is selectively precipitated with cadmium chloride. The amount of DNA can then be estimated with 3,5-diaminobenzoic acid. Determination of DNA is linear in the range 10 ng to 1 microgram or more. We describe the application of this technique to the measurement of 60Co gamma-ray-induced double-strand breaks by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. Our results are essentially identical to those obtained using radiolabeled DNA.

Aminobenzoates↗
PubMed1995

Human lymphocyte cDNA ordered library analyzed by 2D gel electrophoresis. 1. Pooling strategy and matching of gel patterns.

We have analyzed an ordered library of 4,608 cDNA clones from the CEM human leukemic cell line. The aim was to facilitate gene retrieval, to enable immediate access to cDNA clones and to provide information on the protein expression of the individual clones in a 2D gel readout. The matrix array of 24 x 16 x 12, each position of which contained lambda jacII phage from one plaque, enabled us to establish pools of clones along the three axes (24 pools of complexity 192 cloned entities, 16 pools of complexity 288 and 12 pools of complexity 384). The total cDNA complexity is here reduced to such a level that spots which in more complex gels served as landmark spots are not present in each pool, and thus cannot serve as landmarks anymore. The image analysis of such gels and especially the matching of spots is not reliable under these circumstances. In order to achieve reliable matching, additional samples were created, such that pools were co-electrophoresed according to a special concatenation scheme; these samples then contained over-lapping elements (e.g., pools 1 + 2 + 3 and 3 + 4 + 5 have at least those spots in common, which originate from pool 3). This approach turned out to be feasible and we have completed the matching of one half of the ordered library. Already from the present stage of analysis we have obtained valuable information on the cDNA library and on the distribution of clones in this library.

DNA, Complementary↗
PubMed1996

Separation and determination of some stereoisomers by capillary gel electrophoresis with cyclodextrin incorporated in polyacrylamide gel.

Capillary gel electrophoresis (CGE) was successfully applied to the separation of optically active isomers and position isomers by incorporating a suitable cyclodextrin chiral selector in polyacrylamide gel. A commercially available ss-cyclodextrin (ss-CD) was used for enantioselectivity towards o-, m- and p-nitrobenzoic acid, o-, m- and p-hydroxybenzoic acid, o-, m- and p-toluic acid and the optical isomers of dansyl-D,L-leucine and R,S-1,1'-binaphthyl-2,2-dihydrogenphosphate. Especially the effect of organic solvents, such as acetonitrile, methanol, dimethylsulphoxide and others were examined in detail. The resolution varied to some extent with the addition of the organic solvent to the polyacrylamide gel and the running buffer solution. The possible mechanism has also been discussed. In addition, quantitative aspects of the separation of stereoisomers using CGE have been studied, showing that both the resolution and accuracy of the determinations were affected by the ratio of the enantiomers.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1979

Gel matrices for scanning gel chromatography.

I have examined the light-scattering behavior of a number of gel matrices used in gel filtration chromatography. The angular dependence of light scattering by Sephadexes is consistent with treatment of the particles as large scattering particles with a low refractive index increment (mu). Such particles scatter light almost exclusively in the forward direction, permitting their use in direct scanning gel chromatography systems without corrections for multiple scattering and the consequent variation in pathlength through the column. Any matrix material with an appropriate combination of these two properties (large effective size and low mu relative to solvent) will perform reasonably well in direct scanning systems while any material with very small effective particle size (agaroses) or high mu (glass beads) may be expected to perform poorly. Agaroses may be acceptable for work in the visible region of the spectrum while glass beads are not.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1996

Dynamics of single-stranded DNA in polyacrylamide gels during pulsed field gel electrophoresis. A birefringence study.

The study of the orientation of single-stranded DNA in polyacrylamide gels in denaturing conditions has been undertaken by electric birefringence in order to determine the mechanism involved in the electrophoretic transport. The presence of an overshoot in the birefringence signal, when applying the electric field, and the study of the influences of the electric field and of the gel concentration on the dynamics show that a mechanism of reptation with elongation of the molecule occurs in polyacrylamide gels with low T values. Therefore it is suggested that the use of pulsed fields in sequencing electrophoresis is possible and can lead to a large increase of the length of the fragments that can be sequenced in one single run.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2005

Synthesis of porphyrin-introduced silica gels by sol-gel process.

Using a hydroxyl group appended free base porphyrin derivative (HP), porphyrin-introduced silica gels were synthesized by a sol-gel process. The HP content in the materials linearly increased with increasing the HP concentration. Meanwhile, free base tetraphenylporphyrin (TPP) with no hydroxyl groups were almost not incorporated into the silica gels. These facts suggested that the interaction between hydroxyl groups of the HP molecules and silica network is considerably strong. The UV-vis characters of HP-introduced materials were almost the same as pure HP molecules. The Beer's plot indicated that the HP molecules in the materials are dispersed.

Journal Article↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A study on the seasonal epidemiology of Anoplocephala spp.-infection in horses and the appropriate treatment using a praziquantel gel (Droncit 9% oral gel).

In a study on the seasonal dynamics of the gastro-intestinal nematode egg production in horses, one breeding farm also revealed a particularly high prevalence of Anoplocephala spp. infection. Consequently, this farm was chosen for analysing the seasonal pattern of the tapeworm egg excretion over a one year period in order to establish the most favourable periods for an appropriate and successful cestocidal treatment. The seasonal analysis showed a significantly higher (p < 0.05) Anoplocephala spp. egg excretion between July and October, i.e. during the second part of the grazing period. This result clearly underlines the importance of a cestocidal treatment during that period of the year. Subsequently, horses of this farm and of a second farm with a high prevalence of Anoplocephala spp. were used to evaluate the efficacy of praziquantel in a specific oral gel formulation for horses under field conditions. The efficacy of praziquantel was tested in a total of 33 horses from the two farms harbouring a coproscopically detected Anoplocephala spp. infection prior to treatment. Praziquantel (Droncit 9%, oral gel, 1 mg/kg bodyweight) was administered to the horses according to their body weight. The efficacy of the drug was evaluated ten days after treatment by a double faecal analysis. Thereby, no Anoplocephala spp. eggs were found in the faeces of 32 horses (97%). The single horse remaining positive for Anoplocephala spp. eggs did not completely swallow the anthelmintic gel and consequently, did not receive the appropriate dose of the drug.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

Iron-regulated proteins in Phanerochaete chrysosporium and Lentinula edodes: differential analysis by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis profiles.

Sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) were used to identify iron-responsive proteins in the white-rot species (Phanerochaete chrysosporium and Lentinula edodes), by comparing the differential patterns of cellular and membrane proteins obtained from iron-sufficient and iron-deficient mycelia. Six cellular proteins induced by iron restriction have been observed in SDS-PAGE for P. chrysosporium and twelve for L. edodes. In 2-DE, the numbers of iron-restricted induced proteins were 12 and 9, respectively, in a resolution range of 15-60 kDa and pI 4.5-8.1. SDS-PAGE for the plasma membrane protein did not show differences, whereas the outer-membrane protein profile showed 6 and 5 proteins induced by iron depletion in P. chrysosporium and L. edodes, respectively. The results presented here are important data to unravel mechanisms of biosynthesis and/or transport of the iron-complexing agents in ligninolytic fungi and to further correlate them to the ligninolytic processes.

Chrysosporium↗
PubMed1988

Improved staining of proteins in polyacrylamide gels including isoelectric focusing gels with clear background at nanogram sensitivity using Coomassie Brilliant Blue G-250 and R-250.

An improved procedure for staining of proteins following separation in polyacrylamide gels is described which utilizes the colloidal properties of Coomassie Brilliant Blue G-250 and R-250. The new method is based on addition of 20% v/v methanol and higher concentrations of ammonium sulfate to the staining solution previously described. The method combines the advantage of much shorter staining time with high sensitivity, a clear background not requiring destaining, stepwise staining, and stable fixation after staining. The method has been applied to staining of polyacrylamide gels after sodium dodecyl sulfate-electrophoresis and isoelectric focusing in carrier ampholyte-generated pH gradients.

Acrylic Resins↗
PubMed1994

A rapid method for detection of N-acetylglucosaminidase-type chitinase activity in crossed immunoelectrophoresis and sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis gels using 4-methylumbelliferyl-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminide as substrate.

A method for the detection of N-acetylglucosaminidase (GlcNAcase) activity has been developed by using 4-methyl-umbelliferyl-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminide (4-MU-GlcNAc) as substrate in crossed immunoelectrophoresis (CIE) and sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) gels. Visualization of the reaction with a 366 nm ultra-violet light is possible in approximately 30 min. The method is fast and sensitive in comparison with previous methods. The same band as in SDS-PAGE, showing both GlcNAcase and chitinase activity, was found in the present study; we therefore conclude that this method is also useful in a GlcNAcase-type chitinase assay.

Acetylglucosamine↗
PubMed2003

Congruence between starch gel and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in detecting allozyme variation in pulmonate land slugs.

The predominantly selfing slug species Arion (Carinarion) fasciatus, A. (C.) silvaticus and A. (C.) circumscriptus are native in Europe and have been introduced into North America, where each species consists of a single, homozygous multilocus genotype (strain), as defined by starch gel electrophoresis (SGE) of allozymes. In Europe, the "one strain per species" hypothesis does not hold since polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) of allozymes uncovered 46 strains divided over the three species. However, electrophoretic techniques may differ in their ability to detect allozyme variation. Therefore, several Carinarion populations from both continents were screened by applying the two techniques simultaneously on the same individual slugs and enzyme loci. SGE and PAGE yielded exactly the same results, so that the different degree of variation in North American and European populations cannot be attributed to differences in resolving power between SGE and PAGE. We found four A. (C.) silvaticus strains in North America indicating that in this region the "one strain per species" hypothesis also cannot be maintained. Hence, the discrepancies between previous electrophoretic studies on Carinarion are most likely due to sampling artefacts and possible founder effects.

Animals↗