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Results for “Formularies as Topic”

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At least 343 records · Page 19Linked to original sources
PubMed2000

Passerine and softbill therapeutics.

Passerines (songbirds) and softbills (toucans and mynahs) are increasingly presented for veterinary care as pet owners and aviculturists recognize that successful medical and surgical treatment can be performed in these often tiny patients. Even with an increasing amount of pharmacokinetic data in birds, the use of extrapolated drug regimens continues to be a common practice for these species. The extrapolation, using allometric scaling from human, mammalian, and avian drugs to passeriformes and softbills, is complicated and limited. In this article, the choice of the therapeutic approach is discussed. Once the choice for a specific drug is made, tables help calculate the dose in milligrams per kilocalorie without using complicated formulas.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Psittacine therapeutics.

Psittacine therapeutics incorporates a number of clinical parameters. These parameters include fluid therapy, nutritional support, blood transfusions, and administration of medications. This article highlights the basic therapeutic techniques utilized in a veterinary practice that treats psittacine species. Considerations on the practical application of these techniques, as it relates to patient presentation and owner compliance, are discussed within each section of the article.

Aerosols↗
PubMed2000

Raptor therapeutics.

Developing a therapeutic plan for raptors can be challenging because the veterinarian must take numerous and sometimes conflicting factors into consideration. Successful therapy depends on proper management of the raptor patient, beginning with its initial presentation and continuing throughout its time in captivity. Important considerations concerning medicine and natural history peculiar to raptors are addressed. Guidelines for constructing an effective therapeutic plan for the treatment of common diseases and conditions seen in wild raptors are presented.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Pet fish formulary.

Aquarium fish are one of the most popular pets in the United States. Understanding the use of chemotherapeutics in these animals has increased markedly in recent years, and this information is now readily accessible to the private practitioner in this article. The authors introduce the veterinary clinician to the commonly used chemotherapeutics, routes of administration, species-specific precautions, and treatment tips where appropriate.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Therapeutics of companion exotic marsupials.

Exotic marsupials are becoming popular companion pets, yet little pharmacologic information is available to the practitioner. Species include sugar gliders (Petarus breviceps), South American (Brazilian) short-tailed opossums (Monodelphis domestica), brushtail possum or "phalanger" (Trichosurus vulpecula), and wallabies: Bennett's (Macropus rufogriseus rufogriseus) and Tammar or Dama (Macropus eugenii). Guidelines for logical choices of medications based on allometric scaling, gastrointestinal tract anatomy and physiology, and liver metabolism are given. An example of scaling and a formulary based on anecdotal, published medications are provided.

Animal Diseases↗
PubMed2000

Therapeutics for rabbits.

A variety of pharmacologic agents are currently available to treat house rabbits. In many cases, dosages are based on extrapolation from other species or empirical data. Dosing in rabbits is further complicated by individual variation. An understanding of rabbit physiology and the pharmacology of prescribed medications helps ensure that the agents are used as effectively and safely as possible. In this article, basic rabbit pharmacobiology is reviewed and techniques for drug administration are described. A formulary for house rabbits is provided.

Animal Diseases↗
PubMed2000

Rodent therapeutics.

Although the number of rodents kept as pets is increasing in the United States, much of the veterinary information that is known regarding their care is derived from laboratory animal medicine. This article describes individual species variation of medication delivery methods and the associated risks of antibiotic usage. A comprehensive formulary is also included.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Amphibian therapeutics.

The treatment of diseases in amphibians presents unique challenges for the clinician. This article describes the basic principles in selecting and administering therapeutics, and provides drug dose rates used successfully in amphibians. The importance of proper husbandary and hygiene, as it relates to amphibian health and medical management of disease, is also emphasized.

Amphibians↗
PubMed2000

Chelonian therapeutics.

Chelonian therapeutics, which include the diagnosis and treatment of aquatic turtles, semi-aquatic turtles, and tortoises, are discussed. The author looks at various methods of treatment and includes treatment protocols, such as crashed-out turtle and septic turtle protocol. The article also includes a traditional drug formulary and an allometric formulary, containing doses derived from scaling, scaling plus empiric experience, empiric experience, and serologic studies.

Animal Diseases↗
PubMed2000

A formulary for lizards, snakes, and crocodilians.

A formulary of drug dosages for use in lizards, snakes, and crocodilians based primarily on a survey of the existing literature is provided. The formulary is presented as a series of four tables: antimicrobial drugs; parasiticide drugs; anesthetic and analgesic drugs; and miscellaneous drugs. An extensive bibliography is included.

Alligators and Crocodiles↗
PubMed2006

Rhinological, laryngological, oropharyngeal and other head and neck side effects of drugs.

Following a previous paper in which we documented the otological side effects of drug therapy, we here review other drug side effects that ENT surgeons may encounter when dealing with patients. Although otological drug side effects such as hearing loss and tinnitus are well recognized there are many rhinological, laryngeal, oropharyngeal and other head and neck drug side effects. Our data were sourced from the British National Formulary and Electronic Medical Compendium websites.

Databases, Factual↗
PubMed2001

Impact of a formulary change in proton pump inhibitors on health care costs and patients' symptoms.

Patients may fail to successfully undergo a switch in therapy associated with a formulary change. The aim of this study was to measure health care costs and outcomes among patients who failed a formulary change in proton pump inhibitors in a VA medical center. Patients who failed a switch from omeprazole to lansoprazole (N = 51) were matched with patients who were successfully switched (N = 51). Health care utilization data was gathered from VA electronic databases and medical records for six months before and after the switch and, for failure patients, during the lansoprazole trial period. Statistical comparisons between failure and success patients were performed on changes in health care costs between these time periods. Health outcome data for the lansoprazole trial period and subsequent omeprazole reinstatement period were obtained through a telephone questionnaire of failure patients. Changes in total health care utilization costs did not differ significantly between failure and success groups for any of the time periods. Failure patients had significantly poorer health outcomes during their lansoprazole trial periods with significantly greater severity of heartburn and severity and frequency of acid regurgitation (P < 0.001). In conclusion, the formulary change had a negative impact upon health outcomes among failure patients but did not significantly affect their health care utilization costs. Identification of failure patients early in their lansoprazole trial periods could improved their health outcomes and satisfaction with medical care.

2-Pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazoles↗
PubMed1993

Changes in material properties accompanying the national formulary (NF) identity test for microcrystalline cellulose.

It has been found that the current NF identity test for microcrystalline cellulose is actually an assay of the response of the material to energy dissipation expended during the analysis procedure. The blending step needed to effect suspension of the material results in a disintegration of the microcrystalline particles and a concomitant increase in the viscosity of the slurry viscosity. These effects were shown not to be unique functions of either blender speed or blending time. The passage or failure of a given sample of microcrystalline cellulose under the conditions of the identity test was found to be a consequence of the test conditions used. Any given sample of microcrystalline cellulose can be made to pass the identity test if it is blended for a sufficiently long time or at a sufficiently high speed. The test is sufficient, however, to differentiate powdered cellulose from powdered cellulose.

Cellulose↗
PubMed2003

Italian drug policy: ethical aims of essential assistance levels.

In 2001 the Italian Government defined Essential Assistance Levels (LEA), which can be considered as an important step forward in the health care system. The Italian health care system would provide payment of essential and uniform aid services in order to safeguard many values such as human dignity, personal health, equal assistance and good health practices. The Ministry of Health has worked to rationalize the National Formulary and to define evaluation methods for drugs in order to choose what to reimburse without penalizing the rights of the individual and society. This paper describes how this job of rationalization was done and tries to illustrate the choices made in Italy by the use of two meaningful examples (statins and rivastigmine).

Anticholesteremic Agents↗
PubMed1999

[Formulary].

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Analgesics↗