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Results for “Foot Rot”

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At least 343 records · Page 19Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Immunoblot and ultrastructural analysis of antigens extracted from Dichelobacter nodosus with potassium thiocyanate.

The antigens extracted from Dichelobacter nodosus with potassium thiocyanate were analyzed by western blotting with sera from footrot-free sheep and from sheep infected with D. nodosus to identify components specific for infection. Several components with molecular mass < 33 kD were associated with infection, particularly bands of 32.5 kD, 30.5 kD, and 28 kD. Components with molecular mass > 56 kD may be responsible for false-positive reactions observed when sera of footrot-free sheep react with the potassium thiocyanate extract in solid phase enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs). Bands of 62.5 kD, 56 kD, 40 kD, and 19 kD were recognized for most sheep regardless of their disease status or ELISA reactivity and therefore do not appear to be detected by the ELISA. No components of the potassium thiocyanate extract were completely specific for infection. Antigens in the extract were identified primarily on the cell envelope by immunogold electron microscopy. Labeling was concentrated in the periplasm, with minor labeling of the cell surface. The extract consisted of tangled strands of particles with electron-dense cores, and few vesicular structures were observed.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

Comparative study of three surgical treatments for two forms of the clinical presentation of bovine pododermatitis.

In this study, 1013 animals showing signs of clinical pododermatitis were examined and divided into five unevenly numbered groups. Affected animals in Groups I and II showed only signs of vegetative interdigital pododermatitis. The lesions were surgically removed and either protected with bandages (in Group I) or cauterized with incandescent iron (Group II). The animals in Groups III, IV, and V, showed signs of necrotic pododermatitis. These were treated with different protocols after the necrotic tissue was surgically removed: in Group III, the lesion was cauterized; in Group IV, the wound was protected with bandages; and in Group V, both the second and the third phalanges were amputated. There was a statistically significant relapse difference between Group III and Group V, as well as a difference among Group IV and Group V animals, and there were fewer relapses among the latter. The treatment used in Groups II and III proved to be efficient and inexpensive. Amputation of the phalanges was the treatment that resulted in fewer relapses among all protocols, despite its mutilating effect. The association of a local and parenteral treatment with an antibiotic agent, as well as the use of foot baths, contributed greatly to a fast recovery.

Amputation, Surgical↗
PubMed2001

Comparison of erythromycin and oxytetracycline for the treatment of ovine footrot.

A microbiological study of 25 cases of ovine footrot was performed. Cultures belonging to Dichelobacter nodosus were isolated in 48% of the sampled animals. The sensitivity of the 99 strict anaerobic bacterial isolates to 5 antibiotics (penicillin G, amoxycillin, spiramycin, erythromycin and oxytetracycline) was studied. The percentage of resistant cultures was in all cases higher than 30%. The efficacy of erythromycin and oxytetracycline in the treatment of ovine footrot was studied. To conduct this test, an intramuscular injection was applied, of one antimicrobial or the other, at the beginning of the treatment. The tolerance of animals to the antimicrobials, the success rate of treatment and the severity of lameness were evaluated. The percentage of animals cured within 15 days was around 75%. In contrast, only 44% improvement was achieved in the lameness. No differences were found between the two antimicrobials in the above indices.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

Comparative study of biochemical methods for the identification of Dichelobacter nodosus.

The aim of this study was to compare four identification procedures to detect Dichelobacter nodosus and develop a rapid, simple and effective method to identify D. nodosus strains isolated from cases of ovine footrot. The four methods used were: (a) the classic guidelines set down by Holdeman et al. (1977) and Summanen et al. (1993) which are based on gas liquid chromatography (GLC) and different biochemical tests, this method was considered as landmark; (b) Baron and Citron's flowchart for the rapid identification of Gram-negative rod-shaped anaerobes (1997); (c) the API rapid 32 A system (bio Mérieux), and (d) Mast ID Anaerobe ID Ring (MID8) (Mast Diagnostics). None of the four methods used allowed us to correctly identify the D. nodosus strains (neither the strains isolated from cases of ovine footrot nor those originating from type collection). Because of the difficulties encountered in obtaining a correct identification of D. nodosus, we propose a simple, rapid and effective way to achieve this task. Our flowchart will provide the means to identify this microorganism in any laboratory of general microbiology without having to use any specialised equipment.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

Aetiology of caprine footrot in Extremadura region, Spain.

The present study reports on the location of major foci of footrot in goats in the Extremadura region of Spain by the determination of locally occurring strictly anaerobic microorganisms involved in the pathogenesis and development of this disease. The most commonly isolated microorganisms belonged to the genera Dichelobacter, Fusobacterium, Porphyromonas and Prevotella; these were found in conjunction with other species of minor importance. The species most frequently isolated were Fusobacterium necrophorum (40%), Dichelobacter nodosus (31.7%), Porphyromonas asaccharolytica (21.1%) and Prevotella melaninogenica (12.9%). Virulence factors identified in the isolated microorganisms included haemolysins, elastases and lecithinases, which enabled the organisms involved to initiate and/or aggravate the disease. Serotyping was performed for Dichelobacter nodosus isolates, since this species is responsible for triggering the process of infection. A and C were the most frequently isolated serovarieties (representing 40.7% and 25.9% of the cases, respectively).

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Breeding for disease resistance in Merino sheep in Australia.

Breeding for disease resistance in Merino sheep in Australia has attracted considerable research and development attention. Increased labour costs, the reduced efficacy of common anthelmintics and insecticides, consumer demand for products which are free of chemicals and the poor prognosis of alternative long-term control strategies are all forcing sheep breeders to contemplate the best animal health options available, including selective breeding for resistance. The three major diseases which affect sheep production include gastrointestinal nematode parasites, flystrike (cutaneous myiasis) and footrot. Genetic improvement has been shown to be feasible in all these diseases, possibly with little adverse effect on genetic progress in other production traits. Programmes for resistance to internal parasites to be included in practical breeding programmes are now in progress. This paper deals with the incentives for focusing on the three major diseases in Merino sheep, the potential sources of genetic variation, and the means to exploit these sources of variation. The authors also highlight gains and benefits achieved in experimental selection flocks, and the difficulties and options available for commercial breeders.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Effectiveness of vaccination in controlling ovine footrot.

Efficacy of reducing footrot by use of a commercial vaccine was evaluated over 2 yr with 223 ewes from five crossbred genotypes. Ewes were assigned randomly within genotype, age and initial footrot status to a 2 x 3 factorial array of vaccination in the 1st yr and fall vaccination, winter vaccination or control in the 2nd yr. The flock contained a single Bacteroides nodosus serotype (XV) known to be highly cross-reactive with one of the vaccine serotypes (British serotype H). Vaccination reduced footrot incidence by 61% (P less than .01) in the 1st yr and by 45% (P less than .01) in the 2nd yr. Vaccination of previously uninfected ewes did not significantly reduce the rate of new infection, but vaccination of infected ewes reduced re-infection by 92% (P less than .01). Vaccination in the 1st yr failed to produce any carryover or additive protection in the 2nd yr. Genotypes differed in both footrot incidence (P less than .05) and footrot reduction following vaccination (P less than .05), but the effect was inconsistent between years. Vaccination increased serum antibody titers in both years (P less than .01). Among vaccinates in the 1st yr, infected ewes had lower titer levels than uninfected ewes (P less than .01), but no correlation between titer level and incidence was observed in the 2nd yr.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Update on footrot in south-west Germany.

82 Dichelobacter nodosus strains isolated from 9 footrot affected sheep flocks in south west Germany were serotyped and tested for virulence. Serovar B was present in all flocks, representing 64.4% of all isolated D. nodosus field strains. Other serovares found were type A, C, E, G and H. Virulent strains were identified in 5 flocks, while intermediate strains were isolated from all 9 flocks. All serological untypeable strains proved to be avirulent. Based on these epidemiological findings the use of currently available commercial footrot vaccines is appropriate in south west German sheep populations.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Ovine footrot.

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Animals↗