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At least 343 records · Page 19Linked to original sources
PubMed2002

Erythema gyratum repens responding to cetirizine hydrochloride.

We report a case of erythema gyratum repens (EGR) in a 59-year-old man with inoperable pancreatic cancer and liver metastasis. The patient had a widespread erythema with concentric marginal band spreading in waves over the trunk and extremities. Numerous vesicles were seen on the margin of the erythema. The skin lesions were severely pruritic, and his peripheral blood showed marked eosinophilia. He also had palmoplantar hyperkeratosis. A biopsy specimen of the erythema disclosed spongiosis, microvesicles filled with eosinophils, infiltration of eosinophils into the epidermis, and a perivascular infiltrate in the dermis. The skin lesions and pruritus cleared quickly after the administration of cetirizine hydrochloride.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed2006

Necrolytic migratory erythema without glucagonoma in a patient with short bowel syndrome.

Necrolytic migratory erythema (NME) is an uncommon inflammatory dermatosis with a distinctive clinical and histological appearance. It shows irregular erythema, bullae, erosion, crusts and pigmentation. While it is typically associated with glucagonoma, some cases of NME without glucagonoma have been reported. Herein, we report a case of necrolytic migratory erythema associated with malabsorption 30 years after ileocolectomy. She presented erosive erythema with scale or partly flaccid bullae on her intergluteal cleft, buttock and extremities. Her laboratory data revealed essential amino acid deficiency and a slightly decreased serum zinc level, while her plasma glucagon level was low. With diagnosis of non-glucagonoma-associated NME with malabsorption due to short-bowel syndrome, she was treated and improved by i.v. amino acid supplement. Histological findings of NME include necrotic changes of keratinocytes in the upper epidermis, proliferation of those in the lower epidermis and inflammatory cell infiltration of upper dermis. We also examined the expression pattern of epidermal keratins (K6, K10) and Ki-67, one of the markers of proliferative activity, to assess the proliferation and differentiation of keratinocytes in a NME lesion by immunostaining. The findings with these immunostainings support the characteristics of HE-staining, and suggest hyponutrition may induce changing differentiation/proliferation of keratinocytes.

Cell Differentiation↗
PubMed1982

A comparative study of toxic erythema of pregnancy and herpes gestationis.

We compared the clinical features, histopathology, immunopathology and immunogenetics of 30 patients with toxic erythema of pregnancy and 24 patients with herpes gestationis. Although we found some clinical and histopathological overlap we highlighted several important differences. In toxic erythema of pregnancy prominent striae were frequently present. Herpes gestationis was suggested by the occurrence of periumbilical lesions, acute exacerbations immediately after delivery, and persistence of the eruption for more than 3 weeks post-partum. In herpes gestationis, immunofluorescence studies were consistently positive, there was a high frequency of HLA-B8 and an association with autoimmune thyrotoxicosis. Toxic erythema of pregnancy did not share these immunological features. Therefore we feel that toxic erythema of pregnancy and herpes gestationis should continue to be classified as separate disorders.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Quantitative studies on cutaneous erythema induced by ultraviolet radiation.

A reflectance instrument was used to measure the variation in UVR-induced erythema at different positions on the back. The pre-irradiation erythema index decreased from top to bottom of the back but the increase in index remained constant for a fixed exposure dose. In contrast, the minimal erythema dose was higher at lower sites on the back. The measured erythemal response increased linearly with the logarithm of the radiation dose from approximately the minimal erythema dose up to at least fifteen times this value.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Erythema induratum of Bazin.

BACKGROUND: There has been a long controversy about the tuberculous cause of erythema induratum, a chronic form of nodular vasculitis. METHOD: We investigated clinical, histopathologic, and immunohistochemical features of patients with erythema induratum who showed positive tuberculin hypersensitivity reactions or had associated active tuberculosis. RESULTS: The ages of the 32 patients (M 7: W 25) ranged from 13 to 66 years (mean 36.6 years). All patients displayed recurrent crops of tender, painful, violaceous nodules or plaques. Most lesions presented on the legs, but they also occurred on thighs, feet, buttocks, and forearms. The skin lesions evolved for several weeks and healed with scarring and residual pigmentation. Twenty-two patients were treated with isoniazid alone and the remaining 10 patients received combinations of antituberculous drugs. Relapses were encountered in four patients who received isoniazid alone or stopped the medication against medical advice. In most biopsies, histologic examination revealed lobular or septolobular panniculitis with varying combinations of granulomatous inflammation, primary vasculitis, and necrosis. Immunohistochemical labeling revealed a preponderance of T lymphocytes, monocyte-macrophages, and Langerhans' cells, indicative of a type IV hypersensitivity reaction. CONCLUSION: Erythema induratum of Bazin has distinct clinical, histopathologic, and immunohistochemical features. Erythema induratum of Bazin should be considered as a separate entity of nodular vasculitis caused by latent foci of tuberculous infection.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Erythema multiforme due to pyrazinamide.

Drug-induced erythema multiforme is reported with many antimicrobial and antipyretic medications. We present one patient who experienced erythema multiforme and urticaria after administration of pyrazinamide for treatment of cutaneous tuberculosis. The side-effects of pyrazinamide include hepatic or dermatologic disorders, but erythema multiforme has not yet, to our knowledge, been described. Clinical features and discontinuation and reintroduction of the drug led us to consider pyrazinamide the cause of the erythema multiforme, but allergologic studies remained negative, except for the presence of circulating immune complexes. The mechanism of this eruption remains obscure, and definite withdrawal of pyrazinamide seems to be the best therapeutic choice.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

Erythema multiforme-like reaction associated with radiotherapy.

Generalized cutaneous reactions in association with radiotherapy have in the past been grouped into erythema multiforme (EM) and erythema multiforme-like reactions, the latter being reactions that do not strictly fit the accepted clinical and/or histological criteria for EM, yet have similar findings or presentations. Though usually benign and self-limiting, the progression to Stevens-Johnson syndrome, a potentially fatal form of erythema multiforme, has been reported. Presented here is a case study of a less severe radiation-induced erythema-like reaction.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1998

The origin and role of erythema after carbon dioxide laser resurfacing. A clinical and histological study.

BACKGROUND: Transient erythema, which can last up to 3 months after carbon dioxide (CO2) laser skin resurfacing, is a usual side effect with pulsed or rapidly scanned CO2 lasers. OBJECTIVE: We evaluated the cause of erythema in the clinical setting and by histology in order to determine if and how we may decrease it, or even eliminate it. METHODS: Ten patients who underwent resurfacing were recruited to this study. Skin punch biopsies were taken at 0, 7, 21, and 90 days and analyzed by light microscopy. RESULTS: Erythema was noticed from about day 8, when the crusting on the skin surface was exfoliated. It reached its maximum intensity after 14 days, and had disappeared by 60-90 days. Histology showed an early inflammatory response, with an immature neopithelium, and rich vascularization. The normal epidermis had returned by 90 days, and during this period there was reduced optical scattering and absorption in melanin. CONCLUSION: Although the erythema is an unwanted side effect in the patient's eyes, it is to be expected and thus represents the effects of a combination of epidermal immaturity, reduced melanin absorption of light, reduced dermal optical scattering, and increased blood flow secondary to the surgically induced inflammatory response.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

Erythema and melanogenesis action spectra in heavily pigmented individuals as compared to fair-skinned Caucasians.

The protective role of epidermal melanin pigmentation against chronic exposure to ultraviolet radiation is widely accepted, although its photoprotective effect against acute exposure is less certain. In this study, the action spectra of erythema and melanogenesis in heavily pigmented individuals (skin type V) were determined at 295, 305, 315, and 365 nm, and compared with those of skin types I and II. When the erythema and melanogenesis action spectra for skin type V were normalized to 295 nm, they were identical to the corresponding action spectra for fair-skinned individuals, indicating that the photoprotection of epidermal melanin pigmentation is essentially independent of wavelength. The ratio of values for the minimum erythema dose (MED) between skin type V and skin types I and II was 2.29, which is close to the ratio of pigment in these skin types, as measured by diffuse reflectance spectroscopy in the visible range. The minimum immediate pigment darkening dose (IPD) and the minimum melanogenic dose (MMD) at 365 nm, and the MED and MMD at 315 nm were the same for all skin types, while the variation of MED for every skin type was maximum at 305 and 365 nm. The results provide circumstantial evidence that erythema and melanogenesis have the same mechanism at short-wavelength UVB (295 and 305 nm), and different mechanisms in UVA (365 nm). Furthermore, the 24 h MED at 305 nm appears to be a sensitive indicator of skin type.

Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Clearance of UVB-induced erythema in patients with non-melanoma skin cancer.

We have examined the clearance of UVB-induced erythema in 10 non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) patients, comparing their responses to a control group. All participants were followed to resolution of erythema, as measured by a chromameter. The resultant response pattern was modelled in three phases, with comparison of the rates of decay in erythema carried out. Analysis of the rapid decay phase demonstrated a significantly slower rate of resolution of erythema in the NMSC group, compared with the controls. Further elucidation of the molecular and genetic mechanisms controlling this response may improve our understanding of UV-induced carcinogenesis.

Basal Cell Carcinoma↗
PubMed1991

Do pyrimidine dimer yields correlate with erythema induction in human skin irradiated in situ with ultraviolet light (275-365 nm)?

Ultraviolet radiation produces erythema in human skin, and damages the DNA of living cells in skin. Previous work showed that broad-band UV-B (290-320 nm) radiation produced higher levels of cyclobutyl pyrimidine dimers in DNA of individuals with high UV-B sensitivity (low minimal erythema dose) than in subjects of low UV-B sensitivity [Freeman et al. (1986) J. Invest. Dermatol., 86, 34-36]. We examined the relationship between erythema induction and dimer yields in DNA of human skin irradiated in situ with narrow band radiation spanning the wavelength range 275-365 nm. We find that, in general, higher dimer yields are produced per incident photon in volunteers with higher susceptibility to erythema induced by radiation of the same wavelength.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Serological follow-up after treatment of patients with erythema migrans and neuroborreliosis.

To investigate the duration and kinetics of immunoglobulin M (IgM) and IgG antibodies against Borrelia burgdorferi in serum after treatment of Lyme borreliosis, consecutive serum samples from 30 seropositive patients with erythema migrans and 91 seropositive patients with neuroborreliosis were analyzed with a capture IgM enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and an indirect IgG ELISA, both using B. burgdorferi flagella as the antigen. All the patients improved after treatment: 97 patients had a complete clinical recovery, while 24 patients had sequelae. The results showed that patients with erythema migrans and early neuroborreliosis more often initially had highly elevated IgM optical density (OD) values and low IgG OD values against B. burgdorferi, while the opposite was found in patients with late neuroborreliosis. During follow-up, the majority of patients had developed negative or significantly declining IgM ODs after 1 to 1.5 years but persistently positive IgM ODs were found up to 17 months after treatment of erythema migrans and 3 years after treatment of neuroborreliosis. IgG antibody levels declined more slowly and remained elevated to a larger extent, but more than half of the patients had developed negative IgG ODs within 5 years after therapy. However, positive IgG OD values were found after 9 to 10 years for patients treated for neuroborreliosis as well as erythema migrans. Both IgM and IgG antibodies against B. burgdorferi may persist for months to years after successful treatment of Lyme borreliosis. Consequently, a single serum sample with antibodies against B. burgdorferi must always be carefully evaluated and correlated to clinical symptoms.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Anti-inflammatory effect of hamamelis lotion in a UVB erythema test.

BACKGROUND: Although Hamamelis virginiana has long been used in the traditional treatment of skin diseases, there are few controlled clinical studies defining the extent of its anti-inflammatory action. OBJECTIVE: The anti-inflammatory efficacy of pH5 Eucerin aftersun lotion with 10% hamamelis distillate, the vehicle and a prior aftersun formulation were tested in 30 healthy volunteers using a modified UVB erythema test as model of inflammation. METHODS: Four UVB doses ranging from 1 to 2 MED were evaluated in each subject. Test fields on the back were treated occlusively for 48 h following irradiation. Chromametry and visual scoring were used to determine the degree of erythema in the treated fields and an untreated, irradiated control field 7, 24 and 48 h after irradiation. RESULTS: Erythema suppression ranged from approximately 20% of 7 h to 27% at 48 h in the hamamelis fields. A suppression of 11-15% was recorded in the fields treated with the other lotions. Significant differences were noted between hamamelis and these lotions. CONCLUSION: These data provide evidence for an anti-inflammatory action of the aftersun lotion with 10% hamamelis and support the usefulness of the UVB erythema test with multiple UV doses for the testing of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Tropical-wood-induced bullous erythema multiforme.

We report a case of bullous erythema multiforme caused by an exotic wood, pao ferro (Machaerium scleroxylon). A 25-year-old female, a luthier (guitar maker) who often handles a variety of woods, developed bullous erythema multiforme. A patch test confirmed a positive reaction to one of the exotic woods, pao ferro. A subsequent accidental short contact with pao ferro 5 months following the first incidence induced a similar exudative erythema. Exotic woods such as pao ferro should be added to the list of contact allergens that can induce bullous erythema multiforme.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Anti-inflammatory efficacy of topical preparations with 10% hamamelis distillate in a UV erythema test.

In 40 volunteers the efficacy of three lotions with 10% hamamelis distillates from different suppliers, two vehicles, dimethindene maleate 0.1% gel, hydrocortisone 1% cream and hydrocortisone 0.25% lotion were investigated in a modified UV erythema test with three UV dosages (1.2, 1.4 and 1.7 MED). The test preparations were applied occlusively over a 48-hour period following irradiation. Chromametric measurement of redness and visual assessment were performed 24, 48 and 72 h after induction of erythema. The hydrocortisone formulations were most effective in erythema suppression. An anti- inflammatory effect was noted for all three hamamelis lotions as well as for the vehicles. A significantly greater suppression of erythema than seen with the vehicles was noted for one of the hamamelis lotions at 1.4 MED. The efficacy of the antihistamine dimethindene maleate did not surpass the hamamelis lotions or the vehicles. Even though the differences between the hamamelis lotions were slight, it was possible to make an objective selection of the best hamamelis distillate for aftersun purposes.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed2001

Unusual annular erythema associated with myelodysplastic syndrome.

We report a case of unusual annular erythema associated with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). A 58-year-old male with MDS developed annular erythema on his back, scaly erythema on the dorsa of hands, and exudative erythema on his eyelids. Histological examination revealed a mononuclear cell infiltrate around vessels and follicles in the mid- to lower dermis. He had no history of treatment with granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF). Serum granulocyte-macrophage-colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) level was slightly elevated (5.84 pg/ml, normal < 2.0 pg/ml), whereas other cytokines including G-CSF, IL-6, and IL-8 were within normal limits. Skin manifestations were much improved by systemic mepitiostane, and serum GM-CSF level returned to normal levels.

Aged↗
PubMed1977

The value of an assessment of erythema and increase in thickness of the skin reaction for a full appreciation of the nature of delayed hypersensitivity in the guinea pig.

Delayed type skin reactions in guinea pigs have been assessed by measuring three parameters: increase in skin thickness, diameter of erythema and intensity of erythema. Some groups of animals were immunized with different protein antigens in Freund's complete adjuvant with or without cyclophosphamide (CY) pretreatment; others received a single high dose of antigen intravenously at the time of immunization. The results emphasize the importance of measuring all three parameters for several days after skin testing. The intensity or erythema was found to be an especially useful parameter for assessing CY-induced modification of delayed hypersensitivity (DH) reactions. The increase in skin thickness, which can be measured objectively, was also valuable as both immediate and DH reactions are characterized by induration. The diameter of erythema could only be measured accurately for a short time after skin testing. Furthermore, the effects of intravenous antigen and CY pretreatment were not reflected by that parameter.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Suppression of UV-induced erythema by topical treatment with melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine). Influence of the application time point.

BACKGROUND: In a previous study, we reported a significant and dose-dependent suppression of UV-induced erythema in human skin by a topically applied melatonin preparation. OBJECTIVE: The present double-blind randomized study was designed to examine the influence of the application time point of topical melatonin on this antierythema effect. METHODS: Defined small areas on the lower back of 20 volunteers were treated with 0.6 mg/cm2 melatonin dissolved in a nanocolloid gel carrier either 15 min before or 1, 30 or 240 min after UV irradiation with twice the individual minimal erythema dose delivered by a Multiport Solar UV Simulator (UVA and UVB). The erythemata induced were evaluated by visual scoring and chromametry 24 h after irradiation. RESULTS: Treatment of the skin with melatonin 15 min before UV irradiation proved to almost completely suppress the development of an UV-induced erythema. In contrast, no significant protective effects of melatonin were observed when it was applied after UV irradiation. CONCLUSION: Topically applied melatonin has a clear-cut protective effect against UV-induced erythema. Free radical scavenging of UV-generated hydroxyl radicals and interference with the arachidonic acid metabolism are possible mechanisms of the melatonin action.

Administration, Topical↗