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At least 343 records · Page 19Linked to original sources
PubMed2005

Choice of a dental implant system.

Many dentists are bewildered by the intricacies and complexities of dental implants. They are constantly besieged by product advertisements and can find it difficult to choose which systems to work with. Some dentists are so intimidated by the subject that they choose to avoid getting involved with implants and instead stick to traditional tooth replacement systems. By breaking implants down into 4 main components, the body, collar, connection, and restorative post, it is easier to understand the structure and function of dental implants. Each portion should be designed to achieve certain objectives. Once these structural components are understood, it is easier to compare and contrast differing implant systems.

Bone Remodeling↗
PubMed2000

A follow-up study of orbital prostheses supported by dental implants.

PURPOSE: This study reports on the use of osseointegrated dental implants for anchorage of orbital prostheses. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Nine patients were treated with 25 implants inserted in the periorbital area after exenteration of the globe. Implants of 9, 11, and 13 mm length, with a diameter of 3.5 mm, were used. RESULTS: All implants were stable at the stage 2 operation and could be connected with abutments. In 7 cases (19 implants), orbital prostheses were fabricated and have been worn for an average of 3 years. One of the 19 implants was lost after 3 years because of load stress. During the mean observation period, there were only slight skin reactions around the transcutaneous abutments. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that normal dental implants can be used to anchor craniofacial prostheses without altering their design or the surgical method.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Microbial colonization of dental implants in partially edentulous subjects.

This study assessed the colonization of Brånemark dental implants by periodontopathic bacteria in four partially edentulous patients with a total of 10 implants. Marginal and subgingival plaque on the implants was sampled 14 days and 28 days after second-stage surgery and compared with plaque from three teeth closest to the implant sites sampled before second-stage surgery (baseline) and at 14 and 28 days. Slot immunoblot assay was used to determine the presence or absence of bacterial antigen to six different periodontopathic microorganisms. In general, colonization of marginal implant plaque occurred within 14 days, whereas subgingival colonization took longer and occurred within 28 days. It appears that Brånemark dental implants placed in partially edentulous patients may be colonized by disease-associated bacteria within 14 days of second-stage surgery.

Actinomyces viscosus↗
PubMed2005

[Early loading of the dental implants installed within 6 months after tooth extraction].

In the period of 6 months after tooth 237 dental implants were installed. The loading was implemented in 1-4 weeks, 2-3 months and also 4-8 months after the operation. A significant correlation of the results of the early charge on the implants with the type of prosthetic construction was found out. The artificial crowns which splint dental implants and natural teeth proved to be the most effective. By such prosthetic treatment the successful outcomes were achieved the more often the earlier the charge begins. The results of the examination confirm the expediency of early dental implantation and early loading on implants.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Osseointegration of dental implants in patients with and without radiotherapy.

Between 1987 and 1997, 275 dental implants were inserted in the mandibles of 63 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the lower oropharyngeal level following a radical surgical procedure. Thirty-five of these patients had been preirradiated with a complete dose of 60 Gy. In a retrospective analysis we have reviewed the data of these patients for age, sex, localization of the implants, irradiation, interval of implantation and interval of the abutment operation. Thus far, the median follow-up time is 65 months. The 5-year success rate for all implants was 97.9%. We found that radiotherapy, age, sex, localization of implantation or the interval between the end of the tumor therapy and the time of implantation did not have any significant influence on osseointegration or loss of osseointegration. Only the time interval between implantation and the abutment operation was recorded to be of any great significance (p = 0.0001). No augmentation in the osteoradionecrosis rate could be recorded after dental implantation (1.6%), which leads us to conclude that radiotherapy (60 Gy) in patients with head and neck cancers should not be regarded as a contraindication for dental implantation.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Ultrastructural investigations of the bone and fibrous connective tissue interface with endosteal dental implants.

The interface between the tissues of the oral cavity and ceramic and titanium cylindrical endosteal dental implants was investigated with correlated light microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. This study suggested that mandibular bone can directly interface and form an intimate association with one-stage endosteal dental implants. This potential attachment matrix is composed of a composite of calcified bone, and an osteoid unmineralized matrix in association with an apparent osteogenic connective tissue. Further, results from this study suggested that at a level inferior to the junctional epithelium, and superior to the level of crestal bone, fibrous connective tissue can attach to the dental implant. This non-loadbearing attachment of gingival connective tissue could, by contact inhibition, prevent apical epithelial migration. In association with previously documented epithelial attachment, such apical support and connective tissue attachment appears to suggest that endosteal dental implants can be adequately maintained in the oral cavity.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

Dental implant design and its relationship to long-term implant success.

The purpose of this review is to evaluate the effects of the biomechanical aspects of dental implant design on the quality and strength of osseointegration, the bone-implant interface, and their relationships to the long-term success of dental implants. The engineering design of implants is based on many interrelated factors, including the geometry of the implant, mechanical properties, and the initial and long-term stability of the implant-tissue interface. There is no one "optimal" design criterion. However, implants can be engineered to maximize strength, interfacial stability, and load transfer by using different materials, surfaces, and thread designs. Limited information is currently available in addressing how implant thread design influences the overall implant success. Therefore, this article reviews and discusses design elements of various dental implant systems currently in use as they affect the quality of osseointegration and their relationship to overall long-term success patterns.

Alveolar Process↗
PubMed2004

Biomaterials, biomechanics, tissue healing, and immediate-function dental implants.

Selected factors and opinions are reviewed specific to immediate function of dental implants in terms of biomaterial and biomechanical properties and how they might influence postsurgical tissue healing. Comparisons are made among plate, rod, and screw vs plateau, finn, and porous geometry endosteal dental-implant designs with and without alterations in device body-surface microchemistry and microtopography. Available information introduces more questions than answers, and recommendations are made for ongoing studies of bone responses specific to the implant fit and fill parameters focused on the kinetics of postsurgical osteotomy healing and applied loading. The clinical literature supports opportunities for immediate function; however, proposals about pathways for bone healing need further investigation. The current trends within the discipline of implant dentistry offer opportunities to reevaluate current vs previous immediate-function systems.

Biocompatible Materials↗
PubMed1998

Tissue compatibility to different surfaces of dental implants: in vitro studies.

Factors affecting cell and tissue responses to dental implant biomaterials are typically characterized as spatial and temporal. Spatially, a dental implant must form an interface with both bone tissue for the development and maintenance of biomechanical stability and soft tissue for the prevention of microbial infection that can lead to peri-implantitis. There is a developing body of knowledge regarding the reactions of host tissues to implant materials, although the specific mechanisms by which these responses are not yet totally understood. From a temporal standpoint, there seems to be a sequence of events after placement of an implant that involves cell attachment, migration, and differentiation. These early wound healing responses appear to be influenced significantly by the properties of the underlying implant surface. Our laboratory has focused its attention on the first cellular event, i.e., cell attachment at the interface between bone and the implant surface. An in vitro primary cell model has been developed and used to study the influence of materials selection (Ti, Ti-6Al-4V, hydroxyapatite-like coatings), surface topography (smooth to rough), and surface chemistry (as a function of preparation treatments) on the cellular events that occur at implant surfaces. Currently, we believe that both uncoated Ti implants and those fabricated with calcium phosphate or hydroxyapatite-like coatings are capable of supporting initial cellular attachment, although they probably occur by different and incompletely understood mechanisms. The initial interactions of the host tissues with the implant surface remain key for long-term acceptance and must be understood if new generations of tissue engineered devices are to be developed and used clinically.

Alloys↗
PubMed1991

Oral hygiene for dental implant patients.

Effective home care cleaning techniques are described for patients with dental implants. Specific methods are described for the fixed prosthesis, the fixed detachable prosthesis and the removable prosthesis. While dental caries is no longer a problem, peri-implant gingivitis and peri-implant osteitis are concerns for patients who have dental implants. Techniques and the tools available enable dental implant patients to keep their dental implants plaque-free and consequently, free of peri-implant infection. This report will discuss home care for the fixed detachable prosthesis, the removable prosthesis, and the fixed prosthesis.

Dental Devices, Home Care↗
PubMed2006

[Fabrication and application of orbital template with part-opening channels for dental implantation].

PURPOSE: To observe the effect of orbital dental template with part-opening channels used in dental implant surgery. METHODS: Working casts were made for 13 cases with missing teeth after impressions were taken. The dentitions of the cases were then restored with wax teeth. Part-opening channels were made through the wax teeth. After that, impressions and working casts were made again to fabricate the template with part-opening channels by thermo-forming technique. During the implant surgery, the drilling of the bur and inserting of the implants were guided by the part-opening channels on the templates. RESULTS: The working cast and X-ray films of the 12 cases showed that all implants were placed in desirable location and accurate direction with satisfactory prostheses. CONCLUSION: The dental template with part-opening channels could help the operator to place the implants in desirable location and direction successfully. Its fabrication was simple, but it could offer us great convenience.

Dental Implantation↗
PubMed1992

Dental implants.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Dental Implantation, Endosseous↗
PubMed2002

Hydroxyapatite-based composite for dental implants: an in vivo removal torque experiment.

Screw-shaped dental implants were fabricated from commercially pure Ti (c.p. Ti) and HA-based composites. The HA-based composites were fabricated by mixing HA with Al(2)O(3)-coated ZrO(2) powders. The mechanical properties of these composites were enhanced by a factor of 3. These were implanted into the rabbit tibiae and the removal torque to loosen the implants in vivo was measured in order to investigate the osteointegration. After a healing period of 6 weeks, the implants were retrieved with a torque gauge instrument. The HA-based composite implants showed an almost 2-times-higher removal torque when compared to the Ti implants (ANOVA, p < 0.05), indicating excellent biocompatibility to bone. Thus, HA-based composites had not only better mechanical properties but also similar bioactivity as HA itself. It is believed that a HA-based composite is suitable for artificial dental implants.

Aluminum Oxide↗
PubMed2003

Effect of teeth with periradicular lesions on adjacent dental implants.

OBJECTIVES: It is generally accepted that dental implants should not be placed in infected sites. However, the effect of periradicular infections of natural teeth on adjacent osseointegrated implants is less understood. The purpose of this study was to evaluate effects of periradicular lesions on osseointegration of existing implants. Study design Forty titanium solid root-form implants were placed close to premolars in dogs. After healing following implant placement, the adjacent premolars were treated in 1 of 4 ways: group A, no treatment of the adjacent premolar; group B, induction of a periradicular lesion followed by nonsurgical root canal therapy of the premolar; group C, induction of a periradicular lesion followed by nonsurgical root canal therapy of the premolar and surgical detoxification of the implant surface; and group D, induction of periradicular lesion and no treatment of the tooth. After 7(1/2) months, block sections were prepared and the percentage of osseointegration was analyzed histomorphometrically. RESULTS: The average integration for implants in groups A-B was 54%, 74%, 56%, and 68%, respectively. One-way analysis of variance demonstrated no difference between the 4 groups ( P =.518). CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study indicate that teeth with periradicular lesions do not adversely affect adjacent titanium solid root-form implants.

Acid Etching, Dental↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The TIME technique: a new method for localized alveolar ridge augmentation prior to placement of dental implants.

Sufficient bone volume is still considered the most important prerequisite for the osseointegration of dental implants. The TIME technique (autogenous bone grafting combined with stabilization using a titanium mesh) for localized alveolar ridge augmentation was evaluated in 20 patients who had insufficient bone volumes for the primary placement of dental implants. Different clinical recordings were evaluated at TIME stage 1 (augmentation surgery) and at TIME stage 2 (reentry surgery with mesh removal and simultaneous dental implant placement). In most patients, single- or extended-tooth gaps (up to four units) were augmented with autogenous bone harvested from the chin or retromolar area. With the exception of temporary disturbances of tooth sensibility, no morbidity at the donor sites was observed. In one patient, the stabilizing titanium micromesh had to be removed prematurely because of graft infection. At the reentry surgery, the bone grafts were found to be completely incorporated in 75% of the patients. In 15% of the patients, only minimal graft resorption was observed (less than 10% of the graft volume). Subsequently, 28 implants could be placed in 19 patients. The stabilizing titanium mesh was best suited for vertical ridge augmentations. Another feature of the mesh was the excellent tissue compatibility, with little clinical or histologic inflammation, even when the mesh had become exposed.

Adult↗