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At least 343 records · Page 19Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Autokabalesis: a study of intentional vertical deceleration injuries.

Suicidal jumping from a height appears to be a seasonal problem in Glasgow. A series of 58 individuals were studied, giving a total of 60 jumping incidents. Of these, 21 were killed outright, and of 31 reaching hospital a further 11 subsequently died. Many were young, single, unemployed, adult males, the majority of whom had a known psychiatric diagnosis. Jump heights ranged from 1 to 27 floors and jumps from more than 6 floors were almost always fatal. Below this height mortality was related to the attitude of fall. Overall, 50 per cent mortality occurred at the 3rd floor. A wide range of multiple injuries were sustained and the Injury Severity Score was used to grade these for quantitative comparison. This was found to be highly discriminating between survival and non-survival.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

Sensitivity of primary phasic heart rate deceleration to stimulus repetition in an habituation procedure: influence of a subjective measure of activation/arousal on the evoked cardiac response.

The post-stimulus primary bradycardia--sometimes labelled as the first evoked cardiac response, ECR1--is regarded as a response which is independent of the stimulus novelty factor. Despite this however, in our previous research we have observed a noticeable variation of this response, which made us suspect that there could be some additional factor influencing it. To test this, we designed a habituation procedure to measure susceptibility of the ECR1 to stimulus repetition. In our experimental design, we also included a measure of the level of activation (arousal) as a possible additional factor influencing the time-course of the cardiac response. The level of arousal over the study was measured by the Activation-Deactivation Adjective Check List (AD ACL). Our results show that mere stimulus repetition does not influence the time-course of ECR1. However, another pattern of results appeared when one of the dimensions of AD ACL, namely Tense Arousal, was taken into account. We observed different ECR time-courses during the initial stimulus presentations for subjects with high and low levels of Tense Arousal. These results are interpreted within the framework of Preliminary Process Theory in terms of the different attentional patterns in subjects with high and low levels of Tense Arousal.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMed1996

Vertical deceleration injuries: a comparative study of the injury patterns of 101 patients after accidental and intentional high falls.

We analysed the pattern of injury of 101 adult patients who were treated in our Trauma Center after a fall from an average height of 7.2 m between 1987 and 1990. In 62 patients the fall was accidental, and 39 jumped with suicidal intent. The most common injuries were fractures of the thoracic and lumbar spine (83.0 per cent) especially of the thoracolumbar junction. The pattern of limb injuries is towards a significant preference of the metaphyseal and epiphyseal parts of the bones of the distal joints (wrist, elbow, ankle, subtalar). Fractures of the diaphyseal areas and the proximal joints (shoulder, humerus, hip, femur) were rare. The incidence of thoracic (20.8 per cent) and pelvic injuries (30.0 per cent) was relatively lower. Blunt abdominal injury (5.9 per cent) was rare after a fall from a great height. Head injuries occurred in only 27 per cent of our patients who all survived their transport to hospital. There is no significant difference in injury patterns between deliberate and accidental falls, but there is a higher number of isolated injuries in all patients after unsuccessful suicidal jumps.

Accidental Falls↗
PubMed2004

[Airbag associated deceleration trauma with complete infradiaphragmatic dissection of the inferior vena cava (IVC) and tear of liver veins].

Numerous investigations have demonstrated that the ability of passenger airbag systems to reduce both injury severity and mortality in car accidents is restricted to the simultaneous application of seatbelts and airbags. Depending on the impact force during the accident and also on the driver's position to the airbag an isolated airbag deployment can even produce severe injuries. We describe a complete infradiaphragmatic dissection of the IVC and a tear of liver veins after an airbag deployment without seatbelt use. We discuss different airbag associated injuries, the possible pathomechanism of the described injury, frequency and prognosis of abdominal vascular injuries and their emergency treatment. In the presented case the isolated severe vascular injury resulted in an intraoperative death caused by exsanguination. In blunt trauma with accompanying hypotension pre-arrival alarming of the ER, rapid transport to the hospital and immediate surgery are most important for the outcome.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1990

Acute aortic valvular incompetence following blunt thoracic deceleration injury: case report.

Blunt trauma leading to aortic valvular incompetence is rarely encountered, with 27 cases reported to date. All cusps and commissures are involved to a similar degree. Treatment includes either reattachment of cusps to the annulus (80% recurrence of incompetence) or valvular replacement (no recurrence). Valve replacement is the treatment of choice for these patients.

Accidents, Traffic↗