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At least 343 records · Page 19Linked to original sources
PubMed2000

Effect of natural "micronized" progesterone on the chorionic gonadotropin concentrations in cyst fluids of women with gross cystic breast disease.

Gross cystic breast disease (GCBD) is common in women, especially in the age range between 35 and the menopausal years. The present study examined the possible role of progesterone (Pg) in the chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) concentration in GCBD. The breast cyst fluids (BCFs) were drawn by fine needle aspiration between the sixth and the eighth day of the menstrual cycle and twenty days later. On the day of the first aspiration the patient began to take 100 mg of natural micronized Pg orally until the second aspiration. At both times blood samples were also taken. Determinations were done of both BCFs and blood sample using two fully automated chemiluminiscent enzyme immunometric assays. Pg has been demonstrated to induce a significant increment in hCG + free ss-hCG (median, range): 0.27 ng/ml, 0.12-6.24 vs. 1.92 ng/ml, 0.12-423.5; free ss-hCG: 0.11 ng/ml, 0.02-2.40 vs. 0.91 ng/ml, 0.02-58.40 in the BCFs, with no change in the circulating concentrations of the hormone. None of the sera studied presented levels of hCG + free ss-hCG or free ss-hCG above 0.5 ng/ml or 0.1 ng/ml, respectively. The occurrence of hCG or a derivative polypeptide in BCFs, when they are present in high concentrations suggests that this glycoprotein could be synthesized in situ and possibly involved in the pathogenesis of GCBD by the degree of differentiation of breast epithelial cells induced by the hormone.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1991

Breast cyst fluid concentrations of beta-endorphin, steroids and gonadotrophins in premenopausal women with gross cystic disease.

Breast cyst fluid (BCF) and plasma levels of beta-endorphin (beta-EP), oestradiol (E2), progesterone (P), luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), prolactin (PRL) and cortisol were assayed radiochemically in a group of 10 premenopausal women aged 45-50 years suffering from gross cystic breast disease. The concentration of beta-EP (fmol/ml) in BCF (17.6 +/- 4.6 S.E.) was over four times higher than that in plasma (4.2 +/- 0.5 S.E.). The level of E2 was 41 times higher (1738.2 +/- 350.5 S.E. pg/ml) and that of P was 47 times higher (65.47 +/- 8.25 S.E. ng/ml) in BCF than in plasma. The significantly increased values of beta-EP, E2 and P in BCF and the identification of beta-EP in the cyst-lining epithelium indicated that local synthesis occurs. Growth factor-like properties of beta-EP and E2 are responsible for the propagation of cystic changes. The autonomous formation and activity of beta-EP, E2 and P in cystic formations were not correlated with LH, FSH, TSH and cortisol levels, which were significantly higher in plasma than in BCF. The concentration of PRL in BCF was not significantly higher than that in plasma. Moreover, the plasma concentrations of testosterone, androstenedione, thyroxine, triiodothyronine, thyroxine-binding globulin and sex-hormone-binding globulin were within the normal ranges. In this study we demonstrated synergism between beta-EP and steroid hormones which encourages the development of gross cystic disease in premenopausal women.

Estradiol↗
PubMed2001

Allopregnanolone, pregnenolone sulfate, and epitestosterone in breast cyst fluid.

The risk of breast cancer is 2 to 5 times higher in patients suffering from gross cystic disease. Breast cysts are categorized into two groups (type I and type II) according to the concentration of electrolytes in the cyst fluid. The two types also differ with respect to accumulation of steroids and steroidogenic enzyme activity. In type I cysts a higher risk of breast carcinoma could be expected. Here, we studied a possible relationship between the type of cyst and levels of epitestosterone (an endogenous antiandrogen), allopregnanolone (a product of 5alpha-reductase activity), and pregnenolone-sulfate (an activator of N-methyl-D-asparate receptors). We have found five times higher levels of epitestosterone in BCF in comparison with the circulation. Allopregnanolone levels were similar to those in plasma of women in the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. Pregnenolone-sulfate levels in BCF were about two orders of magnitude higher when compared with the circulation. No differences were found in concentrations of the steroids studied between the types of cysts.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Comparison of cysticercus extract, cyst fluid and Taenia saginata extract for use in ELISA for serodiagnosis of neurocysticercosis.

Cysticercus cellulosae extract (CS), cyst fluid (CF), and an extract of Taenia saginata adult worm (TS) were evaluated for use in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for serodiagnosis of human neurocysticercosis in Thai patients. ELISA sensitivity was found to be 78.13%, 81.25% and 62.50%, respectively. False positivity was 6.66% with CS and 0% with other antigens. CF gave positivity with a pooled visceral gnathostomiasis serum and 3 of 10 (30%) of angiostrongyliasis sera. CS produced weakly positive ELISA with pooled opisthorchiasis and visceral gnathostomiasis sera. TS gave weak positive ELISA with a pooled opisthorchiasis serum. It was concluded that CF was the best antigen for use in ELISA for serodiagnosis of human neurocysticercosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

Posttraumatic cerebrospinal fluid cyst of the orbit.

A 41-year-old woman had a motor vehicle accident and sustained a fracture of the left temporal bone with anterior and middle skull base involvement. After 10 months, she developed persistent right-sided exophthalmus. Orbital computed tomography scans showed a soft tissue mass in the roof of the right orbit with an inferior calcified border. The surgery revealed a cerebrospinal fluid cyst with intracranial communication through the fistula in the posterior orbital roof.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1979

Electrolytes of breast-cyst fluid.

We constructed an electrolyte balance sheet for 11 individual specimens and two pooled specimens of breast-cyst fluid. Na+ and K+ ranged in concentrations from those representative of extracellular fluids (147 and 9 mmol/L, respectively) to those of intracellular fluid or a high K+ secretion (23 and 168 mmol/L, respectively). Cl- concentrations ranged from 9 to 98 mmol/L (mean, 31), bicarbonate concentrations from 0 to 34 mmol/L (mean, 16). Ca2+ concentrations did not exceed 2.1 mmol/L. Total protein ranged from 14.7 to 35.8 gL. Fluid osmolality ranged from 249 to 300 mOsm/kg of water (mean, 280). The difference between measured cations and anions indicates an "anion gap" of 140 mmol/L, which must be carried by 46 mOsm/kg of water. We suggest that tricarboxylic acids of the Krebs cycle may account for the missing trivalent anions.

Bicarbonates↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Quantification of the sulfates of 16 alpha-hydroxy androgens that are possible precursors of estriol-3-sulfate in human breast cyst fluid.

The concentration of 16 alpha-hydroxydehydroepiandrosterone-3-sulfate (16 alpha-OHDHAS) was determined in 29 samples of human breast cyst fluid (BCF) and in 15 of these, androst-5-ene-3 beta,16 alpha,17 beta-triol-3-sulfate (A-TriolS) was also assayed. The median value of both was about 100 ng/mL and the ranges were from 1.4 to about 1800 ng/mL. There was a significant association in the values for the two sulfates (p less than 0.05). These concentrations are consistent with a role for 16 alpha-hydroxy androgens as possible precursors for estriol-3-sulfate. The latter is highly elevated relative to other body fluids in BCF. The androgens also correlated directly with the concentrations of K+, an indicator of apocrine proliferation of breast cysts.

Androstenols↗
PubMed1998

Immunoblot analysis of a 10 kDa antigen in cyst fluid of Taenia solium metacestodes.

The diagnostic value of a 10 kDa subunit of 150 kDa protein in cyst fluid (CF) of Taenia solium metacestodes was evaluated. Immunoblot analysis revealed that most sera from patients with neurocysticercosis recognized the 10 kDa subunit strongly (209/217 cases, 84.6%), while a few sera from individuals with other parasitic diseases including alveolar echinococcosis (AE, 2/20, 10%) and cystic echinococcosis (CE, 2/25, 8%) showed faint reactions. Sera of cases with other parasitic diseases, especially AE and CE, exhibited cross reactions against other bands in CF. Both differential immunoblot and immunoprecipitation analyses showed that the 10 kDa subunit was the most specific to cysticercosis and highly antigenic, whereas other components at 20-40, 64, 95 and 106 kDa in CF were cross-reactive. IgG subclass ELISA and immunoblot demonstrated that both IgG4 and IgG1 reactions were predominant in neurocysticercosis and recognized the 10 kDa.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Preparation and identification of monoclonal antibodies against Echinococcus granulosus hydatid cyst fluid antigen].

McAbs were prepared by fusing SP2/0 cells with spleen cells of BALB/c mice immunized with hydatid cyst fluid (HCF) antigen. Antibodies in hybrid culture supernatant were detected by ELISA, and positive hybrids were cloned by technique of limiting dilutions. Numbers of chromosomes of five hybridoma cell lines (1D1, 1D8, 2D6, 4B10, 4F4) were demonstrated in the range of 99-108. The immunoglobulin class/subclass of McAb 4F4 was IgM and the others belonged to IgG1. IHA, ELISA and I-ELISA were used for identifying titer and specificity of five McAbs. The titers of two McAbs (1D1, 1D8) reached 1:10(6)-10(7) in IHA and ELISA. Two of these McAbs (1D1, 4F4) with other parasitic antigens revealed cross-reactions. This indicated that the McAbs 1D1 and 4F4 were against common antigen determiners of different parasitic antigens and the McAbs 1D8, 2D6, 4B10 against specific antigen determiners of HCF.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Apolipoprotein D is the major protein component in cyst fluid from women with human breast gross cystic disease.

GCDFP(gross-cystic-disease-fluid protein)-24, a progesterone-binding protein present in large amounts in cyst fluid from human breast gross cystic disease, was purified in a one-step procedure by size-exclusion h.p.l.c. Peptide fragments obtained by trypsin digestion of the intact protein were purified by reverse-phase h.p.l.c. and analysed for their amino acid composition and subjected to automated Edman degradation. A search of the National Biomedical Research Foundation Data Bank revealed that all the sequenced tryptic peptides from protein GCDFP-24 matched perfectly with regions present in the amino acid sequence determined for human apolipoprotein D. Additional data on N-terminal sequence of the unblocked proteins, carbohydrate-attachment sites, amino acid composition and molecular-mass estimations supported the identity between both molecules. On the basis of this identity a possible role of apolipoprotein D in progesterone transport is proposed.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Curschmann's spirals in cyst fluid associated with a teratoma of the ovary. A case report.

BACKGROUND: Curschmann's spirals, first described more than 100 years ago, are common in cytologic specimens from the respiratory tract and have also been observed in cervical smears, urine, and peritoneal and pleural effusions. No simple theory can explain the exact mode of spiral formation, which is presumed to be a complex physical and biochemical phenomenon. CASE: A 29-year-old woman, gravida 2, para 2, underwent right ovarian cyst excision after an abdominal ultrasound examination revealed a cystic mass of the right ovary. Histologically, the cyst was an immature cystic teratoma containing respiratory epithelium with mucous glands in the submucosa. Cytologic examination of the cyst fluid showed the presence of Curschmann's spirals. CONCLUSION: To the best of our knowledge, the formation of Curschmann's spirals associated with an immature cystic teratoma has not been previously reported. In this situation, the presence of spirals could be explained by formation from mucus normally found in that environment.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Study of the in vitro activation of the complement alternative pathway by Echinococcus granulosus hydatid cyst fluid.

In the present study we have investigated the fluid phase activation of the complement (C) alternative pathway by Echinococcus granulosus sheep hydatid cyst fluid (SHCF) and its higher molecular weight fraction (SHCF-I) by quantitating the formation of both the terminal C intermediary C5b6 complex and the terminal C complex (TCC). Our results show that in vitro C activation progresses beyond the C5 step suggesting that potentially lytic complexes may be generated in vivo. In addition, SHCF and SHCF-I glucidic moieties are probably involved in C activation since 80% and 86% of SHCF and SHCF-I activity respectively was destroyed by periodate oxidation. Furthermore, partial deglycosylation with Peptide N-Glycosidase F of SHCF-I which had been digested with Pronase E, released an active fraction (MW < 14 KDa) which bound to Soybean agglutinin, suggesting that N-linked oligosaccharides containing alpha- or beta-linked N-acetyl galactosamine play a role in C activation by SHCF.

Acetylgalactosamine↗
PubMed1982

Correlation between levels of dehydroepiandrosterone-sulphate and prolactin in human breast cyst fluid.

Concentration of dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate (DHAS), cortisol (F), aldosterone (A) and prolactin (PRL) were measured in 70 samples of breast cyst fluid (BCF) obtained by needle aspiration from patients having gross cystic disease of the breast. DHAS concentrations in our series of BCF were scattered over a broad range, up to values 200-fold higher than in plasma, with ample interindividual variability; cortisol was present in BCF in very small amounts. Aldosterone and PRL values were in the same order of plasma levels; moreover, a significant correlation was found between DHAS and PRL concentrations in BCF.

Breast↗
PubMed1995

Epidermal growth factor content of breast cyst fluids from women with breast cancer or proliferative disease of the breast.

The intracystic electrolyte content is generally used to identify different breast cyst subpopulations: cysts containing high K+ levels have been associated with an increased risk of subsequent breast cancer. In order to define whether other biochemical features of breast cyst fluid (BCF) might further explain such an increased risk, we determined the content of epidermal growth factor (EGF), a known mitogenic factor for normal and transformed breast epithelium, in cysts of women with breast cancer or proliferative lesions of the breast (atypical ductal or lobular hyperplasia and proliferative disease without atypia). Median intracystic EGF levels were significantly higher in patients with breast cancer or atypical hyperplasia than in cysts of women without any clinical or instrumental evidence of proliferative disease chosen as controls (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01, respectively). In patients affected by proliferative disease without atypia, intracystic EGF levels were not different either from controls or from the other study groups. No significant difference among groups was observed in the prevalence of Na+/K+ < 3 cysts, this being the most frequently observed type of cysts in all groups except in that with proliferative disease without atypia. No significant difference in EGF levels between cysts ipsilateral or contralateral to the biopsy was observed within each histological group. Our results indicate that EGF levels are higher in cysts aspirated from breasts with an associated proliferative pathology, either benign or neoplastic. The determination of intracystic EGF, combined with that of electrolyte content, might help to identify a subset of patients with gross cystic disease of the breast at potentially higher risk of developing breast cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Usefulness of hydatid cyst fluid of Echinococcus granulosus developed in mice with secondary infection for serodiagnosis of cystic Echinococcosis in humans.

The aim of this work was to assess the usefulness of hydatid cyst fluid (HCF) of Echinococcus granulosus, obtained from mice experimentally infected with hydatid cyst tissue homogenates, for the serodiagnosis of cystic echinococcosis (CE) in humans. The sensitivity and specificity of HCF obtained from mice for the detection of immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies in the sera of CE patients were compared with those of HCF from sheep and/or from a human CE patient by using immunoblotting (IB) and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). HCFs obtained from three different host species all were highly useful for immunoblotting, and sera from 19 (95%) of 20 CE patients equally recognized the antigen B subunit (approximately 8 kDa). HCF from mice showed a cross-reaction with 9 of 20 alveolar echinococcosis (AE) sera (45%), whereas HCFs from two other host species cross-reacted with 14 of the AE sera (70%). Although 2 (10%) of 20 sera from neurocysticercosis (NCC) patients were false positive with HCF from both sheep and humans, none of these sera showed a positive reaction with HCF from mouse origin. ELISAs with HCFs from both mouse and sheep origins detected all 20 CE and AE sera; however, these ELISAs showed 45% (9 of 20) and 60% (12 of 20) false-positive reactions with 20 NCC sera, respectively. The presence of nonspecific human IgG in HCF obtained from a CE patient prevented us from applying it to the ELISA. HCF of E. granulosus, obtained from laboratory mice with a secondary infection with hydatid cyst tissue homogenates, appears to be highly useful for the serodiagnosis of CE in humans and may be useful in domestic animals.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Bronchogenic cyst with high carbohydrate antigen 19-9 in the cyst fluid and the serum.

A mass of 8 cm in diameter was revealed in the right upper lung field of a 46-year-old female patient. The chest X-ray film taken one year previously revealed only a linear shadow in the same position, which was thought to be a vacant cyst. The levels of carbohydrate antigen (CA) 19-9 in cyst fluid and serum were elevated, at 410,000 and 130 U/ml, respectively. After surgical resection, serum CA19-9 returned to normal. Pathologically, the cyst wall was lined with bronchial epithelium with no evidence of malignancy. Immunohistochemical study revealed CA19-9 positivity in the bronchial epithelium of the cyst wall.

Body Fluids↗