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PubMedDate not supplied

A preoperative mixture of anesthetic jelly, dilating drops, antibiotics, and anti-inflammatories for cataract surgery.

A technique of using a preoperative mixture of topical anesthetic jelly, mydriatics, antibiotics, and anti-inflammatories for cataract surgery is described. The goals of this technique are to improve efficiency and effectiveness and obtain optimal pupillary dilation with an intracameral antibiotic level. Using an all-in-one mixture can be highly effective and efficient for the surgical nursing staff.

Ambulatory Care Facilities↗
PubMed1999

A randomized comparison study of drop versus spray topical cycloplegic application.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the acceptance of ocular spray administration. METHODS: A randomized, single-masked comparison in a cohort of children from 3 to 13 years. Assessment of patient pain was recorded on a visual analog scale. Cycloplegia was assessed by an ophthalmologist masked to the assignment. A questionnaire was used to assess patient acceptance. 126 patients participated. The average age was 7.7 years for spray, 7.1 for drops. RESULTS: Pain (higher number = more painful): means: 41/100 for spray; 35/100 for drops (P=0.28). No difference in cycloplegia noted (i.e., satisfactory in all subjects). Subjective acceptance: high in both patient groups, but a preference for spray was noted (P=0.06). No untoward drug reactions occurred with either method. CONCLUSIONS: Cycloplegic spray was as acceptable, or more acceptable than drops. Cycloplegia was comparable for the two methods. Spray application of cycloplegic drugs is a satisfactory route of topical administration for children.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed2000

Granulomatous anterior uveitis in a patient with CREST syndrome.

The CREST syndrome is a variant form of progressive systemic sclerosis. Apart from the occurrence of keratoconjunctivitis sicca, other types of ocular involvement associated with this variant are quite rare. We present the case of a 73-year-old woman with the CREST variant of progressive systemic sclerosis who developed unilateral granulomatous anterior uveitis. Systemic and laboratory testing failed to suggest evidence for any other associated systemic disease as a possible cause of the granulomatous uveitis. The inflammation was successfully controlled with topical steroids and mydriatics. While a small number of cases of uveitis have been reported in other variant forms of progressive systemic sclerosis, to date there have been no descriptions of uveitis associated with the CREST syndrome.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed2001

Repeat cycloplegic examinations at the Naval Operational Medicine Institute.

BACKGROUND: Cycloplegic examination is required for applicants who desire entry into Naval Aviation training. Before this study, all cycloplegic examinations performed at any site were repeated at the Naval Operational Medicine Institute (NOMI), Pensacola, FL, on all student naval aviator (SNA) candidates to assess for latent hyperopia which exceeded established limits for entry into training. HYPOTHESIS: Repeat cycloplegic examination does not vary sufficiently to change student status regarding physical qualification for training. METHODS: Data analysis of cycloplegic examinations repeated at the NOMI, for which the first and second examination were recorded in the Aviation Medical Data Retrieval System (AMDRS), over 10 yr. RESULTS: There were 3919 SNA applicants who had cycloplegic examinations repeated at NOMI. Of them, 3903 (99.59%) were within standards on the repeat examination. There were 16 candidates who were sent to NOMI with a previously disqualifying cycloplegic examination. On second cycloplegic examination, 15 were within standards for SNA. Only 15 of the SNAs with a first cycloplegic examination within standards were outside SNA standards on repeat examination. Of these 15, 12 were also outside SNA standards in distant visual acuity and/or in manifest refraction. The remaining 3 were found to have excessive myopia, not latent hyperopia, on the second cycloplegic examination. The standard deviation between the first and the second cycloplegic examination was computed to be less than 0.50 diopters in any meridian. CONCLUSION: The cycloplegic examination of SNA candidates need only be repeated if the first cycloplegic examination is outside the SNA limit or within two standard deviations of the SNA limit.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Pupil location under mesopic, photopic, and pharmacologically dilated conditions.

PURPOSE: To determine whether there are systematic changes in pupil location with changes in the state of pupil size and with other ocular variables. METHODS: High-resolution images of the pupil of the eyes of 70 subjects were taken using an infrared-sensitive camera. Images were obtained under mesopic, photopic, and pharmacologically dilated conditions. From the images, the center and diameter of the corneal limbus and the pupil were computed. In addition, the location of the first Purkinje image was calculated. RESULTS: The pupil center shifted consistently temporally as the pupil dilated. The total motion was relatively small, with a mean distance of 0.133 mm motion between the mesopic and photopic conditions, with the pupil diameter changing from 6.3 to 4.1 mm. Ninety percent of the subjects had a motion of less than 0.3 mm. One patient showed a motion of almost 0.6 mm. The change in location of the pupil center was not significantly related to refractive error, age, or the change of pupil diameter. CONCLUSIONS: Changes in the location of the pupil center with changes in the dilation of the pupil are typically slight, but can be significant in a few subjects, especially in pharmacologically dilated pupils.

Adaptation, Ocular↗
PubMed1975

[Cycloplegia and residual accommodation (author's transl)].

The cycloplegic effect of 1% Atropine Sulphate, 2% Homatropine Hydrobromide and 1% Cyclopentholate (Cyclolat) were compared on 8 to 10 year-old children with hyperopic accommodation and partial accommodation squint. The objective refraction was measured by skiascopy and with Hartinger's refractometer, and these two values were compared. The distant-vision correction, and also the near-vision correction needed so that Table 2 of Pursch's Tables could be read, were measured. Atropine showed itself to be the most effective cycloplegic agent. With atropine cycloplegia was attained in 46.77% - shown by a necessary near-correction of +2 dioptres, or less. In 27.42% the correction was +1.5 dioptres. With homatropine a correction of +2 dioptres or less occurred in 82.14%, after Cyclogyl in 72.34%. Better cycloplegia could be reached, if before the test correcting spectacles are worn. Only with repeated refraction-tests to overcome accommodation spasm could one succeed in finding the complete hypermetropic state -- even with the help of a not very demanding cycloplegic agent like atropine. Cyclogyl was found to be the most suitable agent here.

Accommodation, Ocular↗
PubMed1992

Acute retinal necrosis after chickenpox in a healthy adult.

A healthy man had acute retinal necrosis (ARN) two weeks after diffuse varicella eruption. Treatment with acyclovir and corticosteroids was associated with a favorable clinical outcome. To our knowledge, there are no reported occurrences of permanent visual loss or retinal detachment in healthy patients with postvaricella ARN.

Acyclovir↗