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[Comprehensive primary health care in rural areas].

Excellent primary care my be possible in rural areas because of factors inherent in the rural lifestyle which create an ideal patient-doctor relationship. However, the primary laboratory, radiological, physiotherapeutic, therapeutic and social service facilities and personnel must be improved by the Department of Health to create professional satisfaction and effectiveness for the primary care physician and primary contact satisfaction for the patient.

Clinical Competence↗

Strengthening an academic nursing center through partnership.

Nurse-managed health centers offer holistic health care and patient-centered health promotion and disease prevention. These goals are particularly well suited to the needs of children and their families. Few reports in the literature, however, have described such practices. The purpose of this paper is to describe one practice, Valencia Health Services (VHS), a nurse-managed, academic health center providing primary care to pediatric and adolescent patients. Valencia Health Services offers interdisciplinary, comprehensive health services to ethnically diverse children and their families through an inter-university partnership and provides clinical experiences and research opportunities, under the supervision of expert faculty-clinicians, to students of nursing (advanced practice, public health, and case management), social work and psychology. Valencia Health Services is the rare nurse-managed academic health center that provides comprehensive health care to children and adolescents. The multifaceted demands of such a health center, however, present both unique opportunities for quality care and service and considerable ongoing challenges.

Adolescent↗

Why the United States should adopt a single-payer system of health care finance.

Although nothing could be less fashionable today than talk of comprehensive health care reform, the major problems of American health care have not gone away. Only a radical change in the way the U.S. finances health care--specifically, a single-payer system--will permit the achievement of universal coverage while keeping costs reasonably under control. Evidence from other countries, especially Canada, suggests the promise of this approach. In defending the single-payer approach, the author identifies several political and cultural factors that make it difficult for Americans to obtain a clear view of this option. Finally, the author argues that much discussion of rationing is vitiated by bracketing more systemic questions to which the issue of rationing is inextricably linked.

Canada↗

Assessment of the geriatric patient.

UNLABELLED: In its final report, the 1981 White House Conference on Aging recommended that "Comprehensive foot care be provided for the elderly in a manner equal to care provided for other parts of the human body, to permit patients to remain ambulatory: IMPLEMENTATION: Remove current Medicare exclusions which preclude comprehensive foot care." The ability to ambulate requires appropriate foot health as a catalyst. Keeping patients walking is a goal that needs to be met if older persons are to maintain a high degree of quality in their lives. Given the high prevalence of foot problems in elderly persons, especially in those patients with chronic diseases and mental health problems, foot care needs are essential. Foot health, care, and foot health promotion should be part of comprehensive health care for older Americans. The ability to remain active and ambulatory is one means of assuring dignity and self-esteem for the elderly.

Aged↗

Comprehensive care and the sanatoria: Cuba's response to HIV/AIDS.

The authors present an overview of Cuba's response to HIV/AIDS including: (a) the development of comprehensive health care in Cuba; (b) the epidemiology of AIDS in Cuba; (c) the sanatoria approach to treatment and recent changes; (d) the idea of comprehensive HIV/AIDS care as a basic human right; (e) the effects of the special period on the HIV/AIDS program and containment of the epidemic; and (f) a critique of Cuba's HIV/AIDS program.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗

Nutrition: an integral component in the health care of children. The interdisciplinary team in action.

The purpose of this paper is not to disseminate new findings or to review past research, but simply to state a progressive clinical philosophy in practical terms. Current emphasis on specialization and the simultaneous need for comprehensive health care seriously challenge the health professional's ability to provide adequate services without a well integrated interdisciplinary approach. In addition, clinical experience strongly points toward the need for individualization of treatment within this broad spectrum of interdisciplinary management. The problems of childhood allergies, epilepsy, and feeding problems are used to illustrate this concept, and the interplay between psychic and somatic factors has been highlighted as rationale for integration of nutrition in an interdisciplinary health care program for children.

Child↗

Verification of the health care region in Fukuoka Prefecture.

Because the change in the location of industries, if comprehensive health care is to be promoted, there is need to derive a methodology for finding the life cycle patterns of the residents and to set up health care regions from these results. Formally, health care had evolved within the prefecture or the Health Center administrative districts with each spectrum of health promotion, "disease prevention" and "diagnosis, treatment and rehabilitation" using fragmented and unrelated methods. However, there is need to designate the region for health care planning aside from the present units for administrative purposes. With this object in mind, Fukuoka Prefecture, which has experienced a dramatic change in industrial structure, was selected as an example. Regions were designated centering around the analysis of "socio-economic aspects" and "demographic characteristics". From the viewpoint of the relationship with the life style, the geographical extent of the activity of the residents was studied through the commuting areas. Based on this activity range and the geographical distribution of the industrial locations, a reasonable "Region for health care" was designated. The first quantitative approach to verify the results was made by using the weighted pair-group method and principal component analysis. And from the vantage of the Fuzzy Sets-theory, a multivariate technique centering around clustering analysis was next utilized to analyse.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗

Comprehensive primary care for children with special health care needs in rural areas.

OBJECTIVE: Most research on comprehensive primary care interventions for children with chronic health conditions has been conducted in large urban areas, where child health and related services are readily available. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the feasibility and impact of a medical home demonstration project in a more rural part of the country. METHODS: Fifty-one parents of children with special health care needs participated in a pre-/posttreatment assessment of a program designed to enhance comprehensive and coordinated care. Participants were recruited from 3 primary care practices in a central Midwest state and remained in the program for approximately 12 months. RESULTS: Parents reported significant increases in satisfaction with care coordination and access to mental health services after the intervention. They also noted decreases in family needs, caregiver strain, parents' missed work days, children's school absences, and utilization of ambulatory services. Satisfaction with primary care declined slightly but remained in the "very good" range. Families of children with more complex conditions were more likely to report a decrease in needs after intervention, but other factors, such as geographic location or socioeconomic status, were not related to key outcome variables. CONCLUSIONS: Comprehensive care has a positive effect on children with chronic health conditions and their families, including those who live in more rural areas. Additional study is needed to learn more about rural service delivery strategies that promote implementation of this approach in general practice.

Adolescent↗