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At least 343 records · Page 19Linked to original sources
PubMed2001

[Evaluation of resistance to activated protein C in myocardial infarction patients].

BACKGROUND: It is known that resistance to activated protein C (APCR), often associated with a single point mutation (Arg506-->Gln) in the coagulation factor V gene (factor V Leiden), is the most frequent inherited abnormality of blood coagulation. It plays a key role as pathogenetic factor of venous thromboembolism, but its association with an increased risk of arterial thrombosis is uncertain. Aim of the present study was to evaluate the prevalence of APCR in men, who suffered myocardial infarction more than 6 months earlier and without cardiovascular risk factors (hypercholesterolemia, smoking, diabetes, obesity and hypertension). METHODS: The study was carried on 20 men aged <65 years who have suffered myocardial infarction. Twenty healthy subjetcs matched for sex and age were recruited as controls. We determined: PTT, PTT-PCA (Activated Protein C), PTT-PCA/PTT, AntiThrombin III, Protein C, Protein S, Fibrinogen, Glucose, Triglycerides, Cholesterol, HDL-C, LDL-C, APO A1, APO B100, Lp(a), oxizided LDL antibody and some components of the complement system (C3c, C4). RESULTS: In the group of patients there were six subjects (30%) with APCR, while there were no subjects in the control group (0%) with APCR. Patients were subdivided into two groups: with and without APCR. Patients with APCR displayed significantly higher levels of fibrinogen (367.5+/-48.4 vs 268.3+/-37.7), LDL-C (147.0 +/-20.7 vs 125.8+/-25,6), APO B100 (133.8+/-29.8 vs 121.8+/-31.5), oxizide LDL antibody (596.8+/-357 vs 315.3+/-179.6) and C4 (45.6+/-10 vs 37.85+/-11,3). Significant positive correlations (p<0.05) were observed between PTT-PCA/PTT ratio and fibrinogen (r=0.68) and between PTT-PCA/PTT ratio and oxidized LDL antibody (r=0.61). CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, the high prevalence of APCR (30%) in our patients seems to be important in order to carry out a primary prevention of arterial thrombosis and a secondary prevention of new thromboembolic complications.

Activated Protein C Resistance↗
PubMed1992

[Cleavage fragments of C3 and of dermo-epidermal junction of normal human skin].

Recently, we have demonstrated the presence of C3dg deposits, a cleavage fragment of the third component of complement, on the basement membrane zone (MB) of normal human skin. These C3dg deposits are specific, isolated and not restricted to stratified squamous epithelia. Their origin is not thought to be due to passive incorporation of circulating C3dg within selected MB. Conversely, human keratinocytes are able to synthesize and secrete C3 and could represent a local source for these C3dg deposits. In situ production of C3 by epidermal cells could play a role in local inflammatory reactions. Similarly, a C3dg binding site(s) in selected basement membrane may account for the accumulation of C3-containing immune complexes in such tissues in pathological conditions.

Basement Membrane↗
PubMed1992

[Immunological profile of workers occupationally exposed to chlorine].

Immunological profile of 42 men working under exposure to chlorine for a period from 2 to 38 years was analysed. Toxicological analyses of air samples which were carried out for 20 years showed similar chlorine concentration ranging from 0.21 to 1.05 mg/m3. The number of B, T, and non-B, non-T lymphocytes was determined as well as the C3c, C4 complement components and proteins of acute phase reaction: alpha 1-acid-glycoprotein, haptoglobin and ceruloplasmin in the serum. Chronic exposure to chlorine produced a stimulating effect on the immune system, which was manifested by elevated IgA, IgD and IgM levels, the concentration of acute phase reaction proteins and increased number of B lymphocytes. The observed phenomenon had no influence on the antibacterial and anticancer immunity of the workers.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Immunological humoral responsiveness in men occupationally exposed to lead.

On the basis of literature the hypothesis of the effect of lead upon humoral, immunological responsiveness in the adult men was examined. The examinations comprised 77 men occupationally exposed to lead of high concentration and 50 persons not exposed to this metal in their work. In the group of many years' occupational lead exposure, especially with lead-poisoning traits, an immunosuppressive effect of lead on humoral responsiveness was found. It was pronounced in peripheral B lymphocytes pool reduction and IgG and IgM serum immunoglobulins titres decrease as well as in the decrease of the specific antibodies (IgG) production--after antityphoid immunisation.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Evaluation of immune response after thymectomy].

Immunological status of children after thymectomy performed at the age between 2 months and 15 years for teratoma in 5, and hyperplasia in 1. Cellular immunity parameters--as percent and total T lymphocyte count and their PHA reactivity, humoral immunity--as IgG, IgA, IgM concentrations, and phagocytosis--as phagocytosis index, NBT test, complement components--C3c, C4--concentration were evaluated between 6 and 12 years following surgery. No abnormalities within investigated parameters, nor the history of more frequent infections or other immunological disorder were detected.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Cicatricial pemphigoid disclosed by superficial desquamative gingivitis. Clinical and immuno-electron microscopic study of a case].

Six months before consulting, a 71-year old man developed buccal and genital erosions which gradually became worse. Physical examination showed signs of superficial desquamative gingivitis, wide erosions on the bony palate, erythemato-erosive balanoposthitis and 7 bullae or skin erosions on the upper part of the back. At histopathological examination of a cutaneous bulla there was dermoepidermal cleavage and an inflammatory infiltrate without eosinophils. At direct immunofluorescence, linear deposits of IgG and C3 were present along the basement membrane. A search for anti-skin autoantibodies was negative at indirect immunofluorescence but positive at immunoblotting (240 Kd band). The cicatricial pemphigoid was treated with dapsone alone in doses of 100 mg/day. Treatment was continued for 6 months, resulting in complete cure of the mucosal and cutaneous lesions. An immunoelectromicroscopic study, performed according to the technique described by Prost et al., on a fragment of skin from around the bullae, showed deposits of granular IgG in the lamina lucida and the lamina densa and deposits of C3 in the lamina densa. This case of cicatricial pemphigoid exhibited 3 features which are not usually found in bullous pemphigoid. Clinically, the buccal lesions were located on the gums and on the hard palate, i.e. where the mucosa adheres to the underlying bone through the periosteum. This location is habitual in cicatricial pemphigoid and differs from that of the bullous pemphigoid lesions which affect the free mucosa lining the cheeks and the soft palate. Treatment with dapsone was dramatically successful in our patient whose lesions disappeared in 6 months.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aged↗
PubMed1989

On chronic prostatitis with special studies of Staphylococcus epidermidis.

Patients with chronic prostatitis have an increased number of white blood cells in expressed prostatic secretion. Two groups can be separated, one is characterized by uropathogenic bacteria in expressed prostatic secretion and recurrent urinary tract infections, chronic bacterial prostatitis. In this group an immune response to the bacteria has been demonstrated. Patients belonging to the other group, non-bacterial prostatitis, have similar symptoms. Many harbour Gram-positive bacteria in a high number, often Staphylococcus epidermidis in expressed prostatic secretion. This bacteria is usually not considered in prostatitis in spite of extreme high numbers. The etiology of non-bacterial inflammations is thus unknown. Forty-three per cent of the patients with chronic prostatitis had Gram-positive bacteria and 13% had Gram-negative in expressed prostatic secretion. Forty-four per cent of patients referred with symptoms of prostatitis did not have any aerobic bacteria at the prostatic level in sufficient number for the diagnosis bacterial prostatitis according to Meares and Stamey and form thus a third group. Antibiotic treatment of patients with non-bacterial prostatitis reduced symptoms but also changed the bacterial flora in urethral and prostatic secretion in such a way that uropathogens were found after treatment. In a group of patients an immunologic response to Staph. epidermidis was searched for by measuring complement components (C3c, C4c) as well as ceruloplasmin in serum and immunoglobulins (IgA, IgG) in seminal plasma. A specific ELISA method to estimate antibodies in serum against Staph. epidermidis was tested. No specific pattern separated patients from controls or patients with Gram-negative bacteria from patients with Gram-positive bacteria. Staphylococcus saprophyticus in cultures from men with prostatitis were more frequent in the third quarter of the year. The bacteria seemed to appear during or after antibiotic treatment but disappeared spontaneously during a follow-up period of six months. Treatment with the surfactant sodium pentosanpolysulphate, a heparinoid, given orally to patients with chronic prostatitis reduced concomitant pain in muscles and joints. The possibility of an altered host factor function in the polymorphonuclear leucocytes of patients with chronic non-bacterial prostatitis colonized with Staph. epidermidis was investigated. Chemotaxis, phagocytosis and intracellular killing were reduced in vitro and may to a part explain the bacteriological findings. Careful evaluations must thus be performed of earlier neglected factors to reach better knowledge of the chronic prostatitis.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Clonidine-induced immune complex disease.

We report upon a 46-year-old woman, who developed immune complex disease after treatment with clonidine for one year. The diagnosis was verified with histological demonstration of IgG and IgM complexes as well as complement C1q, C3c and C4 between muscle fibres and at the dermo-epidermal junctions. The patient's symptoms abated and the abnormal results of blood tests reverted to normal following cessation of clonidine therapy.

Clonidine↗
PubMed1988

Immunohistochemical study of Warthin's tumour with special regard to the germinal centre.

In order to analyze the role of the lymphoid stroma of Warthin's tumour, the author made an immunohistochemical study especially focussing on the germinal centre (GC). In the GCs, IgM and IgE were much more clearly observed in a lace-like network than other heavy chains, and also could be detected electron microscopically on the surface of GC cells and follicular dendritic cells (FDCs). Plasma cells scattered beneath the epithelial component were mainly positive for IgG and IgA. IgG-positive plasma cells were more predominant than IgA plasma cells. Among the cases examined, there was a significant difference in the number of IgE-positive GC and plasma cells. In the GCs five complement components (C1g, C4, C3c, C3d, C5) and complement receptors (C3bR and C3dR) were positive, displaying a lace-like pattern, which were proved, electron microscopically, to coincide with the surface of FDCs and GC cells. IgE-positive GCs showed the same result. DRC1, which specifically reacts to FDC-membrane, was located only in GCs, and electron microscope also revealed positive findings on the surface of FDCs. The above mentioned findings in the GC of Warthin's tumour were similar to those of lymph nodes except for the frequent distribution of IgE. Salivary amylase was seen in the GC on rare occasions, but was not positive on the surface of GC cells and FDCs. It is suggested that FDCs play an important role in immunological behaviour with complement and complement receptors in the GC of Warthin's tumour.

Adenolymphoma↗
PubMed1986

[An immunochemical study of extracts from synovial fluid cells in rheumatoid arthritis].

Extracts were obtained by ultrasonic vibration from synovial fluid cells of patients with rheumatoid arthritis and rabbit antisera against the extracts were prepared. The antisera were absorbed with normal human plasma. Double immunodiffusion revealed two precipitin lines between the extracts and the antisera. These antigens were called P1 and P2. P1 and P2 antigens were detected in 17 (94%) and 10 (56%), respectively, out of 18 rheumatoid synovial fluids. In osteoarthritic fluids, P1 antigen was detected in only one (4%) of 25 cases but P2 antigen was never detected. The P1 antigen was not inactivated by trypsin or deoxyribonuclease but P2 antigen was digested by trypsin suggesting its protein character. Though it is not clear that these antigens are specific for rheumatoid arthritis, these antigens in synovial fluid cells seem to be associated with the rheumatoid synovial fluid.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Acute-phase reaction after inflammatory aggression. Experimental study].

It is well known that inflammatory aggression makes important changes in plasma proteins levels. Among all of these proteins, C3 fragment of the complement system and haptoglobin, Acute Phase Reactants Proteins, are considered important mediators of the inflammatory response although their specific behaviour is not completely understood. In this work we have studied the modification of both proteins after an inflammatory aggression, which was experimentally induced in rats, trying to connect their behaviour with the lesion stages. Our data show that the plasmatic level of both proteins is increased during the inflammatory aggression, although haptoglobin level gives a more accurate approach to the local phenomenons which occur in the inflammatory focus. This fact suggests that each acute phase reactant has a certain specificity depending on the kind of aggression suffered by a patient.

Acute-Phase Reaction↗
PubMed1987

Clinical applications of crossed immunoelectrophoresis to the study of complement activation.

The purpose of our study was to set up a reliable method for the measurement of complement activation by adapting the method of crossed immunoelectrophoresis. We utilised anti C3 antiserum and barbitone buffer, containing sufficient EDTA to prevent in vitro activation of complement. We studied 44 patients undergoing open heart surgery, with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) by the analysis of plasma samples taken during the operation, and also samples of plasma and dialysate effluent from patients with end stage renal failure undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). Measurements were also carried out on stored blood, aged serum and serum treated with varying doses of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Complement activation occurs in 95% of patients during CPB with levels ranging from less than 4.5% to 11.3% of total C3, but there was no detectable activation in any pre-bypass sample. Negligible complement activation occurs in the plasma of CAPD patients, but the dialysate effluent gave results from undetectable levels to 31.7%, in the absence of clinical peritonitis. Variable in vitro complement activation occurs in aged serum, but it was not detectable in stored blood. Serum treated with LPS showed levels of activation directly proportional to the dose of LPS and measurable at a level of 0.1 microgram/ml of serum. The method had a coefficient of variation of 4.5%, and provides a reliable way of measuring complement activation in clinical situations such as cardiopulmonary bypass and peritoneal dialysis.

Cardiopulmonary Bypass↗
PubMed1986

Increased serum IgE antibodies in institutionalized asthmatic children after a transient return home. The role of house dust mite allergens in the home as a trigger of asthmatic attacks in mite-sensitive patients.

Increased serum IgE antibodies to Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, a house dust mite, were observed in 12 of 13 institutionalized mite-sensitive asthmatic children after returning for four days to their own homes. These results implicate the house dust mite as a trigger of asthmatic attacks in these patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Restriction of immunoglobulin heterogeneity, autoimmunity and serum protein levels in aged people.

Ninety-one sera of persons above 80 years of age were screened for autoantibody activity against lipoproteins (anti-LDL 7, anti-HDL 6 positive), for rheumatoid factor activity (Latex 14, Waaler-Rose 7 positive) and for antinuclear factors (11 positive). Among the sera with autoantibody activity 29 percent showed deviations of the normal kappa/lambda ratio of immunoglobulins, as opposed to 22 percent of the sera without detected autoantibody activity. In 3 percent of the sera an M component was detected. Determination of the alpha1-acid glycoprotein, alpha1-antitrypsin, haptoglobin, haemopexin, complement component C3c and C4, IgG, IgA and IgM levels showed significant increases in alpha-, and beta-globulins as well as in IgG and IgA in sera of the aged persons as compared to a normal population between 20 and 60 years old. No significant difference was noted between the gamma-globulin concentration in sera of aged persons with or without autoantibody activity. The evaluation of the relationship between serum protein levels and alterations of the kappa/lambda ratio indicated that the alpha- and the beta-globulins were significantly raised in sera with altered kappa/lambda ratios, whereas, with the exception of M component containing sera the gamma-globulin levels seemed not significantly affected by changes in this ratio.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

Chemotactic factor generation by asbestos. Fibre type differences and the effects of leaching.

The generation of chemotactic factors in normal human serum by treatment with chrysotile and crocidolite asbestos was investigated using the Boyden chamber method. Both types of asbestos produced chemotactic activity but not to the same extent. The two fibre types also produced different levels of complement activation as measured by C3 conversion using two dimensional immunoelectrophoresis. While there was a simple correlation between fibre concentration and C3 conversion the production of chemotactic activity declined at high doses of chrysotile. Phosphate buffer treatment reduced the differences between fibre types. The possible role of these phenomena in asbestos-associated disease is discussed.

Asbestos↗