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At least 343 records · Page 19Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Non-surgical sterilization using phenol-mucilage: acceptability versus efficacy.

Sterilization has become a popular means of birth control and many methods have been developed to meet the needs of different groups of women. In a pilot study, non-surgical sterilization using phenol-mucilage was found to be extremely acceptable to a group of Chinese women despite its failure rate. The method is simple, safe and inexpensive. It is suggested that this method would be suitable for women who are afraid of surgical sterilization.

Adhesives↗
PubMed1993

Vasal sterilization in China.

Vasal sterilization has become the most popular method of contraception in many countries since the 1960's. In China, an estimated 30 million men have undergone voluntary sterilization. There have been two major developments in vasectomy technique, the no-scalpel method and the percutaneous chemical vas occlusion. These methods have significantly increased the acceptability of male sterilization in some cultures since no incisions in the skin are required. The effective rate is over 98% for both methods. The clients experience less pain, fewer complications and more rapid recovery. Epidemiological studies of large numbers of volunteers receiving no-scalpel or chemical vas occlusion procedures have resulted in a clearer picture of their safety, effectiveness, simplicity and economy. Meanwhile, some promising reversible vasal sterilization techniques have also been studied.

China↗
PubMed1990

No-scalpel vasectomy at the King's birthday vasectomy festival.

No-scalpel vasectomy was developed to increase acceptability of vasectomy by elimination of the fear of the incision. Although this method has been used for over 8,000,000 men, the technique is largely unknown in developed countries. During the King's birthday vasectomy festival no-scalpel vasectomy was compared with standard incisional vasectomy in 1203 patients. An average of 57 procedures per day could be done by each physician with the no-scalpel method, compared to 33 procedures with the standard method (p less than 0.001). The complication rate was 0.4/100 procedures for no-scalpel vasectomy compared with 3.1/100 for standard vasectomy (p less than 0.001). No-scalpel vasectomy is a rapid and economic alternative to standard vasectomy, with fewer complications and increased patient acceptability.

Constriction↗
PubMed2005

Evaluation of single intratesticular injection of calcium chloride for nonsurgical sterilization in adult albino rats.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate a method of chemical sterilization and its efficacy in adult albino rats. METHOD: Evaluation was conducted 3 weeks after a single bilateral intratesticular injection of calcium chloride (CaCl2) at the dose of 5, 10, 15 or 20 mg per testis per 100 g body weight. RESULTS: The significant graded diminution in relative sex organ weights, testicular androgenic enzymes like Delta5,3beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (Delta5,3beta-HSD) and 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (17beta-HSD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione S-transferase (GST) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities, testicular content of reduced glutathione (GSH), plasma and intratesticular concentrations of testosterone, epididymal sperm count as well as significant elevation in plasma concentrations of luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and testicular content of malondialdehyde (MDA) were noted in all the treated groups with respect to vehicle control. There was no chronic general stress in experimental animals as indicated by insignificant changes in plasma concentrations of corticosterone, prolactin, total protein, blood urea nitrogen and fasting blood sugar level. Dose-dependent responses on testicular histopathology were recorded by noting multinucleated giant cells in seminiferous tubules, derangement of tubular architecture along with infiltration of leucocytes and appearance of fibrous tissue throughout the testicular sections. The fertility efficacy of the 10, 15 or 20 mg CaCl2-treated males was nil, proven after mating with fertile, virgin healthy females, as there were no implantation sites in each uterine horns noted by laparotomy. CONCLUSION: Intratesticular CaCl2 injection at a specific dose might serve as a way of sterilization and may be considered as an alternative to surgical castration in male animals.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

Evaluation of the potential immunotoxicity of 3-monochloro-1,2-propanediol in Balb/c mice II. Effect on thymic subset, delayed-type hypersensitivity, mixed-lymphocyte reaction, and peritoneal macrophage activity.

3-Monochloro-1,2-propanediol (MCPD) is a well-known by-product of acid-hydrolyzed soy sauce during its manufacturing process. To evaluate the immunotoxicity of MCPD, we investigated its effect on the thymic subset, delayed-type hypersensitivity, mixed-lymphocyte reaction and peritoneal macrophage activity. MCPD was administered by gavage for 14 days at 0, 25, 50, and 100 mg/kg/day to female Balb/c mice. The thymic subsets and annexin-V positive cells in thymic cells were quantified by flow cytometry. Mixed-lymphocyte reaction, delayed-type hypersensitivity and peritoneal macrophage activity were assessed. The mixed-lymphocyte reaction and delayed-type hypersensitivity were not significantly changed. However, there were significant increases in the apoptosis of mice treated with high dose of MCPD compared to the vehicle control. A significant decrease in the CD4+CD8+ thymic subset of mice treated with high dose of MCPD was observed. The activity of peritoneal macrophage was significantly reduced in high dose group. These results indicate that MCPD could modulate the immune function in Balb/c mice.

Animals↗