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At least 343 records · Page 19Linked to original sources
PubMed2005

Allergic reaction to topical eyedrops.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: To examine recently published papers dealing with drug-induced allergic reactions. As allergy is only one possible mechanism, this review was extended to all reports or studies describing allergic, inflammatory or toxic effects related to eyedrops since 2004. RECENT FINDINGS: These studies were first classified into clinical reports or surveys, experimental works and biological studies showing drug-induced effects on the ocular surface or eyelids. Studies aimed at determining the role of preservatives or comparing preservative-free and preserved eyedrops were further analysed separately. SUMMARY: Reports on allergic or toxic reactions of eyedrops are published repeatedly. The reports raising the most important issues are those concerning antiglaucoma drugs. They consistently describe inflammatory reactions at the conjunctival level, with strong evidence that preservative is a major source of toxicity for the ocular surface.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Anti-allergic effects of (E)-3-[p-(1H-imidazol-1-lylmethyl) phenyl]-2-propenoic acid (OKY-046), a specific thromboxane (TX) A2 synthetase inhibitor: effects on type I allergic reactions].

We studied the effects of OKY-046 on type I allergic reactions. OKY-046 (100 mg/kg) given orally suppressed antigen-induced bronchoconstriction and TXB2 generation in broncho alveolar lavage fluid in rats passively sensitized with anti-DNP-As monoclonal IgE. At the dose of 30 mg/kg given intraduodenally, it also inhibited antigen-induced bronchoconstriction in guinea pigs passively sensitized with anti DNP-As serum and actively sensitized with ovalbumin. However, aspirin (30 mg/kg) didn't suppressed them significantly. Azelastine (10 mg/kg) inhibited bronchoconstriction in passively sensitized rats and actively sensitized guinea pigs. In 48 hour homologous PCA reactions of rats and mice, oral administration of OKY-046 (300 mg/kg) and tranilast (100 mg/kg) suppressed the extravasated dye in the skin. OKY-046 decreased histamine release from passively sensitized rat peritoneal exudate cells. There was no effect of OKY-046 on SRS-A and leukotriene release from actively sensitized guinea pig lungs and passively sensitized rats. In conclusion, we think that OKY-046 should be an useful asthmatic drug or anti-allergic drug by oral administration.

Acrylates↗
PubMed1998

Fc epsilon RI on dendritic cells: a receptor, which links IgE mediated allergic reaction and T cell mediated cellular response.

Dendritic cells (DC) are bone marrow derived cells with strong antigen presenting capacity and can induce primary immune responses by activating naive T cells. Cells of this lineage are called as professional antigen presenting cells (APC), because of their primary function as APC. Since the demonstration of IgE bound epidermal Langerhans cells (LC) in atopic dermatitis (AD) patients, a role of IgE bearing DC as a regulator of IgE mediated allergic reactions is emphasized. Indeed, IgE molecules on DC are functional. DC can take up, process and present IgE bound antigens to T cells more efficiently by means of their surface IgE receptor, FcepsilonRI. In addition to its role as an antigen focusing molecule, DC FcepsilonRI may have another function to induce co-stimulatory signals to T cells, by which Th2 type T cell activation is preferentially induced. Thus, this receptor could serve as an amplifying factor for T cell mediated allergic reactions.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

Food allergy is a matter of geography after all: sesame as a major cause of severe IgE-mediated food allergic reactions among infants and young children in Israel.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence, importance, and the order of frequency of IgE-mediated food allergens among infants and young children in Israel. STUDY DESIGN AND PATIENTS: In a cross-sectional study, the prevalence of IgE-mediated food allergy was investigated in 9070 infants and young children (0-2 years) who were followed-up at 23 Family Health Centers (FHCs) in central Israel. Patients with suspected IgE-mediated food allergic reactions, were recruited for further evaluation (detailed questionnaire and skin-prick test (SPT)). RESULTS: We identified 150 out of 9070 (1.7%) patients with suspected IgE-mediated food allergy. Among them, 102/150 (67%) [59 males, 43 females; mean age 10.3 months] completed a detailed questionnaire and underwent SPT. Evaluation revealed 131 positive SPTs in 78/102 (76.5%) patients. Twenty-seven positive SPTs in 18 patients were considered clinically irrelevant based on previous consumption of the relevant foods without clinical symptoms. Thus, there were 104 relevant positive SPTs in 78 patients. The overall prevalence of clinically relevant IgE-mediated food allergic reactions among these patients is estimated to be 1.2% (104/9070). The most common food allergens were egg, cow's milk, and sesame. Anaphylaxis was the presenting symptom in 14/78 (18%) including six sesame-induced cases. A history of other atopic diseases was reported in 27 (35%) patients. In addition, 22 (28%) had a history of atopy in first-degree family members. CONCLUSIONS: We found sesame to be a major cause of IgE-mediated food allergy in Israel. In fact, it is second only to cow's milk as a cause of anaphylaxis. We recommend that testing for food allergens be tailored to each community based on local experience and should include sesame in appropriate populations.

Child Welfare↗
PubMed1977

Allergic reaction to Patent Blue Violet during lymphography.

A case of an allergic reaction to Patent Blue Violet dye used for the purpose of lymphangiography is reported. The clinical findings were urticarial reaction, edema of the eyelids and lips, and hypotension. Previous sensitization to triphenylmethane dyes, in drugs and other chemicals was likely, but not proven. Such commonly used compounds have been compiled in a Table. History of a previous hypersensitivity reaction to these compounds is not a contraindication for lymphangiography but should call for emergency planning and possible premedication.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Allergic reaction to CDDP: report of 4 cases].

Four cases of CDDP allergic reaction (CDDP reaction) are reported. CDDP was given intravenously with vinka-alkaloid and bleomycin or cyclophosphamide (CDDP combination therapy). Case 1 was a 59-year-old man with left ureteral squamous cell carcinoma. The tumor was so large and infiltrated into the retroperitoneal space, that he had conservatively undergone only left nephrectomy and tumor biopsy. Post-operative CDDP combination therapy was performed. Soon after the beginning of the 6th CDDP drip-infusion, a reaction to CDDP occurred. Case 2 was a 22-year-old man diagnosed to have left testicular embryonal carcinoma with multiple pulmonary metastases. After radical orchiectomy and retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy, CDDP combination therapy was performed. At the beginning of the 8th CDDP drip-infusion, a reaction to CDDP occurred. Case 3 was a 49-year-old man diagnosed to have non-papillary bladder carcinoma. Although his bladder was tumor free by TUR-Bt, distant lymph node metastases occurred. CDDP combination therapy was performed. At the beginning of the 6th CDDP drip-infusion, a reaction to CDDP occurred. Case 4 was a 64 year-old-man diagnosed to have bladder carcinoma which was recurrent from right renal pelvic tumor. After total cystectomy and ileal conduit, CDDP combination therapy was performed for diffuse retroperitoneal lymph nodes metastases. At the beginning of the 8th CDDP drip-infusion, a reaction to CDDP occurred. Reaction to CDDP developed at the 6th to 8th course of combination chemotherapy with CDDP, i.e., 450 to 700 mg of CDDP in total doses.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Natural history of allergic reactions to Hymenoptera insect bites].

In 30 patients suffering from systemic allergic reactions following Hymenoptera insect bites risk factors have been evaluated. Life-style, place of living, patients' age, sex and the presence of atopy have been considered. Moreover, the clinical course and value of the intracutaneous quantitative tests have been analysed and their value in both the diagnosis and prognosis of the said reactions have been assessed. Significant correlation between the results of quantitative diagnostic tests and severity of the hypersensitivity to insect poison has been found. A phenomena of the spontaneous diminished skin reactions has been noted. It has been found that only an individual analysis of the natural history might be a base for the choice of appropriate therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

[Allergic and pseudo-allergic reactions to foods in chronic urticaria].

The fact that more than 30 p. 100 of patients with chronic urticaria incriminate foods, and that acute urticaria is a frequent symptom of food allergy, argue in favour of a systematic search for food involvement in chronic urticaria. A global overview of publications through Medline selects 49 out of 189 papers upon strict criteria, devoted to the links between chronic urticaria and foods. Possible links exist between chronic urticaria and intolerance to additives, intolerance or allergy to contaminants, pseudo-allergic reactions to foods and IgE-dependent food allergy. The diagnosis of intolerance to additives relies on double blind placebo-controlled oral challenges, showing positivity in 2 to 3 p. 100 of cases. Flavours are being suspected but have not been validated by such oral challenges. Contaminants are nickel salts, penicillin residues in meats and milk, Anisakis larvae in fish. Intolerance to biogenic amines could be somewhat frequent and is well-documented by experimental studies of the metabolism of histamine and by the results of specific diets with a low content of amines. IgE-dependent food allergy has been evidenced in 1 to 5 p. 100 of cases. The author puts forward a methodology to search for the implication of foods in chronic urticaria, restricting the search to non-inflammatory CU, discarding moreover chronic urticaria due to physical agents, or to contact. Idiopathic chronic urticaria, that might include a subgroup of auto-immune chronic urticaria is under scope. A preliminary study of the regimen during one week needs to be carried out in order to detect an excess of consumption of categories of foods inducing pseudo-allergic reactions, or of additives. An eviction diet for biogenic amines may be proposed first. Its failure may lead to skin prick tests to foods that are daily consumed. Biological tests are not advised. When sensitization is confirmed, a 3 week eviction of the food comes ahead of a double blind placebo-controlled oral challenge. The positivity indicates that this food is likely to be a causal agent and the diagnosis can finally be based on the recovery after the implementation of strict avoidance diets.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed2003

Allergic reactions to Triatoma bites.

BACKGROUND: Triatoma bugs are best known in the medical community as vectors of trypanosomiasis (Chagas disease). However, bites of Triatoma bugs are a cause of local cutaneous reactions and anaphylaxis, mainly in the western and southwestern United States. The reactions typically occur at night during sleep, and the bite may not be recognized. There is continuing public interest in medical complications of bites of these bugs, although the scope of the problem remains undefined. OBJECTIVE: To review the relevant medical literature, identify present knowledge, and determine future research goals for allergy to Triatoma. DATA SOURCES: Computerized databases were used to search the medical literature for articles in the English language on Triatoma bites, allergy and entomology, and Chagas disease. STUDY SELECTION: Almost all identified articles on Triatoma allergy were used. Only selected articles on Triatoma bites and entomology were pertinent to the objectives. Articles on Chagas disease were limited to cases in the United States. RESULTS: Bites of Triatoma bugs have been known to cause anaphylaxis for more than a century. These insects inhabit a large area of the United States, but to date most reports of allergic reactions to their bites have originated in the West and Southwest. The reactions typically occur at night during sleep following a bite on uncovered skin and may be unrecognized. Procalin has been identified as the major salivary allergen of Triatoma protracta and was recently cloned and expressed through recombinant technique. Allergenic reactivity has been demonstrated to salivary gland extracts of 2 species. The extracts of these 2 species have not shown immunologic cross-reactivity. Immunotherapy using a salivary gland extract appeared to be beneficial in a small number of patients; however, no commercial testing or treatment allergen is available. CONCLUSIONS: Triatoma bites appear to be an important cause of anaphylaxis, especially in the western and southwestern United States. Because exposure to these insects often occurs during sleep, the incidence of allergic reactions to them is unclear. An epidemiologic study should be performed to determine the incidence, prevalence, and range of allergic responses to the bites of these insects. The lack of commercial antigen limits diagnostic and treatment capabilities. The development of an allergen under the Orphan Drug Act should be encouraged.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Fluorescein-induced allergic reaction.

BACKGROUND: Adverse reactions following intravenous sodium fluorescein are very unusual and their mechanism is still uncertain. We report the case of a patient who suffered an adverse reaction during a fluorescein ocular angiography. Positive allergy tests to fluorescein suggest an IgE-mediated mechanism. OBJECTIVE: Report the allergy evaluation performed in a patient who suffered an adverse reaction during an intravenous fluorescein administration. METHODS: We selected the case of a patient who suffered dizziness, diaphoresis, generalized pallor, nausea, sphincter relaxation, hypotension, and intense malaise during a fluorescein ocular angiography and compared the results to other nonreactive subjects. Allergy evaluation: Prick and intradermal skin tests and serial determinations of serum tryptase were performed on the patient and four control subjects who underwent and tolerated the same procedure as well as on a patient who developed an intense vagal reaction during blood extraction. RESULTS: Positive skin tests and dramatic increase of serum tryptase (67U/I) were observed in our patient. The rest of the patients had negative skin tests and did not have any variation in their serum tryptase. CONCLUSIONS: An IgE-mediated mechanism is suggested as responsible for this adverse reaction. We recommend that a complete allergy evaluation should be performed in all patients who have adverse reactions to fluorescein in order to differentiate true allergic reactions from other types of reactions.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Contemporary issues in food allergy: seafood toxin-induced disease in the differential diagnosis of allergic reactions.

Seafood, including fish, shrimp, lobster, crab, crayfish, mussel, and clam are among the most frequent causes of food allergy. Seafood poisoning, including reactions to natural toxins, frequently masquerades as an allergic reaction on presentation. Ingestion of contaminated shellfish results in a wide variety of symptoms, depending on the toxins present, their concentrations in the shellfish, and the amount of contaminated shellfish consumed. Five types of shellfish poisoning have been identified clearly including paralytic, neurotoxic, diarrhetic, amnestic, and azaspiracid shellfish poisonings. Based on the presence or absence of the toxin at the time of capture, fish poisoning can be considered conceptually in two categories. In ciguatera and puffer fish poisoning, the toxin is present in live fish, whereas in scombroid, it is produced only after capture, in the fish flesh, by contaminating bacteria because of improper refrigeration. Most shellfish-associated illness is infectious in nature (bacterial or viral), with the Norwalk virus accounting for most cases of gastroenteritis.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1995

Adhesion molecules in the nickel allergic reaction.

Nickel is the major cause of allergic contact dermatitis, and to increase our understanding of this immune reaction we studied changes in the expression of adhesion molecules on mononuclear cells during nickel stimulation in vivo and in vitro. Nickel-induced lymphocyte cultures were used in vitro, the cells being examined with monoclonal antibodies (Mabs) and by flow cytometry. Mononuclear cells from skin biopsies of in vivo cutaneous nickel reactions were studied with Mabs and immunohistochemistry. The expression of adhesion molecules in vitro was differential: the number of cells carrying CD11c, CD29, CDw49b, CDw49d, CDw49e, CDw49f, CD54, CD56 and ELAM-1 being significantly overrepresented among the nickel-induced lymphoblasts whereas the number of blasts carrying CD44 was underrepresented and those of CD11a, CD18, CD58 and LAM-1 remained unchanged. CD4+ cells gained adhesion molecules during nickel-induced blast transformation whereas CD8+ cells lost most of their adhesion molecules. The in vivo results were in agreement with the in vitro ones except that CDw49b, CDw49f, CD56 and ELAM-1 could not be detected in a 96-hour nickel reaction in vivo. In conclusion, the nickel allergic reaction favors the expression of certain adhesion molecules, and this expression is induced on CD4+ cells while CD8+ cells tend to lose such molecules. The changes were more sensitively detected with the in vitro method.

CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Immediate allergic reactions to beta-lactams: diagnosis and therapy.

Beta-lactams are the antibiotics which most frequently provoke adverse reactions mediated by specific immunological mechanisms. These reactions, classifiable as immediate or non-immediate, can be produced by the four classes of beta-lactams (penicillins, cephalosporins, carbapenems and monobactams) currently available, which share a common beta-lactam ring structure. Immediate reactions occur within the first hour after drug administration and are characterized by urticaria, angioedema, rhinitis, bronchospasm, and anaphylactic shock. Immediate reading skin tests are the quickest and most reliable method for demonstrating the presence of beta-lactam specific IgE antibodies. It is crucial to use in diagnosis the suspected beta-lactams themselves, particularly cephalosporins, in addition to penicillin determinants. Serum specific IgE assays can be used as complementary tests. Negative test results should be interpreted in light of the time elapsed from the last exposure to the responsible beta-lactam. In fact, both in vivo and in vitro test sensitivity is known to decrease over time. In some diagnostic work-ups, patients with a positive history and negative skin and in vitro tests with classic reagents undergo a controlled administration of the suspected beta-lactam. The management of immediate allergic reactions should take into consideration their severity and type. Adrenaline is the drug of choice in the treatment of anaphylactic shock. In addition to adrenaline, corticosteroids and antihistamines should be administered. Histamine H(1) receptor antagonists are the mainstay of the treatment of immediate allergic reactions such as urticaria, rhinitis and conjunctivitis.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed2000

Effects of luteolin and other flavonoids on IgE-mediated allergic reactions.

The anti-allergic action of luteolin was investigated in the rodent experimental allergic models. In the present study, the effects of luteolin were compared to those of baicalein, quercetin, and prednisolone. Luteolin as well as baicalein, quercetin, and prednisolone inhibited the IgE antibody-mediated biphasic cutaneous reaction (immediate phase reaction and late phase reaction) in mice. However, these compounds did not affect the histamine-, serotonin-, and platelet activating factor-induced cutaneous reactions in rats. In an in vitro study, luteolin, baicalein, and quercetin inhibited IgE-mediated histamine release from bone marrow-derived cultured murine mast cells (BMMC) and rat peritoneal mast cells. These compounds also inhibited IgE-mediated TNF-alpha and IL-6 production from BMMC. From these results, luteolin inhibited the IgE-mediated biphasic cutaneous reaction mainly by the inhibition of histamine and cytokine release from mast cells, but not through mediator antagonistic effects.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Generalized allergic reactions during anesthesia.

Twenty-eight adults with a history of a generalized allergic reaction during anesthesia were investigated. The reactions were systemic in 23 adults, urticaria/angioedema in four, and bronchial obstruction in one adult. The study population and an additional 35 subjects with a history of use of thiopental during anesthesia but without reactions were investigated by methods including thiopental skin test, succinylcholine skin test, and IgE RAST for antibodies to thiopental, succinylcholine, or latex. Among the 28 patients with reactions, 17 had positive thiopental skin tests; 14/28 reactors and 1/35 of the control group had an IgE thiopental RAST value greater than 2 SD above the mean for control sera from ragweed-allergic subjects. The one control subject with a positive thiopental RAST also was the only control subject with a positive thiopental skin test. IgE succinylcholine RAST was negative in all 23 reactor sera tested. The IgE latex RAST was strongly positive in one reactor. In conclusion, evidence of allergy, particularly allergy to thiopental as a possible basis for the reactions, was obtained in greater than 50% of the patients who were investigated. No allergy to succinylcholine was found.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Severe allergic reaction: an unusual complication of barium enema.

This article describes a severe allergic reaction to a barium sulfate compound used during double-contrast colon examination. This unusual complication is probably induced by chemical agents used as additives in the commercially available barium preparations. The pertinent literature is briefly reviewed.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Allergic reactions to fish.

A wide variety of fish are known to induce allergic reactions following ingestion or inhalation of vapors by sensitized individuals. Although the exact prevalence of fish sensitivity is not known, fish are among the most important food allergens; and as consumption of fish increases, rates of sensitization are expected to increase. Diagnosis of fish allergy is aided by clinical history, skin prick testing, and in vitro assays; however, double-blind placebo-controlled food challenges are the most reliable method to confirm fish allergy and to identify putative species. It appears from RAST inhibition and SDS-PAGE/Western blot studies that the current policy of recommending that fish-sensitive individuals avoid all species of fish should be reevaluated. The major allergen in codfish (Gad cI) is one of the most extensively studied of all allergens. It is a calcium-chelating protein, with a mol wt of 12,328 kDa and an isoelectric point of 4.75. As an allergen, Gad cI is very stable and its allergenic activity appears to be dependent on amino acid sequence. Crossreactivity among some fish species may be the result of common structures within related proteins.

Allergens↗