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At least 325 records · Page 18Linked to original sources
PubMed2005

Milk consumption, stroke, and heart attack risk: evidence from the Caerphilly cohort of older men.

OBJECTIVE: To examine associations between milk consumption and incident heart disease and stroke. DESIGN: A representative population sample of men was asked to weigh and record their food intake for seven days. The total consumption of milk was obtained from these records. Details of all deaths and vascular events were collected during the following 20 years. Incident ischaemic strokes and heart disease events were diagnosed by standard criteria. SETTING: The Caerphilly cohort, a representative population sample of men in South Wales, aged 45-59 when first seen in 1979-83. PARTICIPANTS: A representative 3:10 subsample of the men in the cohort. MAIN RESULTS: 665 men (87% of those approached) returned satisfactory seven day diet diaries. After adjustment, the relative odds of an event in the men whose milk consumption was the median or higher, relative to those with lower intakes of milk, were 0.52 (0.27 to 0.99) for an ischaemic stroke and 0.88 (0.56 to 1.40) for an ischaemic heart disease event. Deaths from all causes were similar in the two milk consumption groups (relative odds 1.08; 0.74 to 1.58). CONCLUSIONS: These results give no convincing evidence of an increased risk of vascular disease from milk drinking. Rather, the subjects who drank more than the median amount of milk had a reduced risk of an ischaemic stroke, and possibly a reduced risk of an ischaemic heart disease event. These conclusions are in agreement with the results of a previously reported overview of 10 large, long term cohort studies based on food frequency intake records.

Animals↗
PubMed1952

Some relationships between heart attacks and paralytic strokes.

When a patient suddenly collapses and loses consciousness, it is reasonable to assume that both the heart and the brain are acutely disordered. In as many as one case in three in which permanent paralysis occurs, cerebral softening rather than hemorrhage is observed at autopsy. Because there is no proof that in the early stages of stroke the changes are irreversible, and because in a significant proportion of cases the heart is simultaneously injured, both stellate ganglion block and anticoagulant therapy seem justified.

Anticoagulants↗
PubMed1998

The falling mortality from coronary heart disease: a clinicopathological perspective. The United Kingdom Heart Attack Study (UKHAS) Collaborative Group.

OBJECTIVE: (1) To compare mortality estimates based on clinicopathological diagnoses of death from acute coronary heart disease with official estimates of coronary heart disease mortality; (2) to compare present day mortality figures with those from earlier reports. DESIGN: Prospective community study over the two years 1994 and 1995. SETTING: The health districts of Brighton, South Glamorgan, and York. SUBJECTS: 1589 men and women under 75 years of age who, based on our study criteria, died from acute coronary events were compared with certified cases of coronary death in the same age group. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: (1) Comparison of the underlying cause recorded on death certificates with the diagnosis of acute coronary death defined by our study criteria; (2) comparison of age specific mortality figures of the present with earlier studies. RESULTS: Up to age 65, age specific mortality for coronary heart disease, using study criteria, was similar to official estimates. However, at ages 65-74 years there was a shortfall in study deaths of about 20% compared with official figures. One reason for this was that many death certificates in elderly people attributed death to coronary disease in the absence of confirmatory evidence. Despite this, deaths in the under 65 age group in the 1990s appear to be occurring in people who are about 10 years older than was the case during the 1970s. CONCLUSIONS: There are differences, most noticeable in elderly subjects, between estimates of coronary mortality made according to strict clinical and pathological definitions and official rates based on death certification. Recognition of these differences will be important for future epidemiological studies.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Incidence and case fatality rates of acute myocardial infarction (1975-1984): the Worcester Heart Attack Study.

During the calendar years 1975, 1978, 1981, and 1984, a community-wide study in the Worcester, Massachusetts, metropolitan area has examined time trends in the attack and case fatality rates of acute myocardial infarction (MI) as well as the occurrence of out-of-hospital coronary heart disease deaths. Between 1975 and 1981, there was a slight increase in the age-adjusted attack rates of acute MI; between 1981 and 1984, however, there was a dramatic decline in the incidence rates of acute MI. These temporal trends over the 10-year period examined resulted in an overall decrease in both the incidence rates of initial (255 per 100,000-1975; 186 per 100,000-1984) as well as recurrent (133 per 100,000-1975; 104 per 100,000-1984) acute MI in the 16 hospitals surveyed. The age-adjusted in-hospital case fatality rates of acute MI declined consistently over the periods studied, from 22.2% in 1975 to 20.3% in 1978, 17.8% in 1981, and to 15.1% in 1984, for an overall decline of 32% over the 10-year period studied. No significant differences, however, were seen in the long-term survival rates of patients discharged from the hospital after acute MI in either 1975, 1978, 1981, or 1984. A consistent decline was seen in the age-adjusted mortality rates (per 100,000) of out-of-hospital coronary heart disease between 1975 (265), 1978 (174), 1981 (170), and 1984 (148).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Recovering from a heart attack: a qualitative study into lay experiences and the struggle to make lifestyle changes.

BACKGROUND: The adoption of healthy living advice by people with heart disease is known to be poor even in targeted interventions. Reasons for this can range from confusion about the seriousness of the condition to ineffectiveness in the form of advice and how it is conveyed. However, the social setting can be an important influence on lifestyle change. OBJECTIVES: To identify views and experiences of people recovering from myocardial infarction, specifically barriers to, and facilitators of, following advice about lifestyle change and maintenance. METHODS: Focus groups and interviews were undertaken with men and women discharged from hospital two/three years previously. A total of 53 people (35 men and 18 women) took part, recruited via a coronary care unit and patients' GPs. RESULTS: A major finding was participants' desires for long-term monitoring and support. While reported sources, form and content of coronary heart disease advice varied, most participants agreed that long-term follow up or back-up would be helpful, although what this should include and how it should be undertaken was not the same for all participants. This would fulfil needs such as: help in following lifestyle advice; sharing with people with similar experiences; regular contact with medical/health professionals (for confirmation of good heath and to ask questions); providing reassurance to other members of the patients' families. CONCLUSIONS: A long-term programme is needed incorporating mutual support and sharing with regular (not necessarily frequent) input from practitioners of information, advice and reassurance, as a support strategy for lifestyle change.

Female↗