Five cases of hypophosphatasia with dental findings.
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Adolescent↗
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Results for “Tooth Abnormalities”
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Prevalence of tooth agenesis and peg-shaped maxillary lateral incisor associated with palatally displaced canine (PDC) anomaly.
Fifty-eight nonsyndromic North American white orthodontic patients with palatal displacement of one or both maxillary canine teeth were studied for associated tooth agenesis and peg-shaped maxillary lateral incisors. Agenesis of permanent teeth was identified by x-ray film analysis. Conical crown-size reduction (peg-shape anomaly) of the maxillary lateral incisor (l2) was determined by direct observation. Increases in absence of third molars and second premolars associated with the palatally displaced canine (PDC) anomaly were statistically very highly significant compared with normative data for tooth-agenesis prevalence. In contrast, the prevalence of l2 agenesis in the PDC sample showed no difference statistically compared with reference values. Reasons for this posterior site-specific suppression of tooth formation are not clear. The l2 peg-shape anomaly exceeded a 10-fold elevation in expression in the PDC sample, a very highly significant increase from normal prevalence. The findings are consistent with a hypothesis that the anomalies of tooth agenesis, tooth-size reduction, and PDC are biologic covariables in a complex of genetically related dental disturbances.
Adolescent↗
Orthodontic treatment of a patient with multidisciplinary problems.
This report reviews the orthodontic treatment of a patient suffering from a metabolic disease controlled by medication. The patient also had periodontal problems on both hard and soft tissue support. The results of involvement of general medicine, periodontal surgery, and proper biomechanics is shown and the problems of the multidisciplinary treatment discussed.
Adolescent↗
Treatment of a Class II, Division 2 malocclusion with one congenitally missing and one malformed lateral incisor and a palatally impacted maxillary canine.
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Adolescent↗
Are dental anomalies risk factors for apical root resorption in orthodontic patients?
Regression analyses suggest a weak prediction power of identified risk factors for apical root resorption in orthodontic patients, indicating the presence of etiologic or causative factors that have not yet been disclosed. To investigate the possible significance of dental anomalies as risk factors, pretreatment and posttreatment periapical radiographs of 84 patients with presence of at least one dental anomaly and of 84 patients without such anomalies were compared. The patients in the two groups were matched according to age, gender, Angle Class, extraction therapy, overbite, and treatment time. Apical root resorption was calculated by subtracting posttreatment tooth length measurements from the corresponding pretreatment measurements. Two sample t tests revealed no differences in mean root resorption between the patients in the two groups (P = .88). Stepwise regression analyses did not identify any of the individual anomalies as risk factors. In addition, patients with more than one anomaly did not appear to be at increased risk.
Adolescent↗
Treatment of an impacted dilacerated maxillary central incisor.
Impacted Incisor With Dilaceration refers to a dental deformity characterized by an angulation between crown and root causing noneruption of the incisor. Surgical extraction used to be the first choice in treating the severely dilacerated incisor. In this article, a horizontally impacted and dilacerated maxillary central incisor was diagnosed radiographically. By combining two stages of the crown exposure surgery with light force orthodontic traction, the impacted dilacerated incisor was successfully moved into proper position. However, long-term monitoring of the stability and periodontal health is critical after orthodontic traction.
Anodontia↗
Ekman-Westborg-Julin syndrome. A case report.
A rare case of the Ekman-Westborg-Julin syndrome in a 15-year-old boy is presented. The patient had general macrodontia with gigantic mandibular third molars. Other dental anomalies, such as peak-shaped cuspids, central cusps, dens in dente, multituberculism, and single conical molar roots, were also present.
Adolescent↗
Guidelines for managing the orthodontic-restorative patient.
Occasionally, patients require restorative treatment during or after orthodontic therapy. Patients with worn or abraded teeth, peg-shaped lateral incisors, fractured teeth, multiple edentulous spaces, or other restorative needs may require tooth positioning that is slightly different from a nonrestored, nonabraded, completely dentulous adolescent. Generally, orthodontists are not accustomed to dealing with patients who require restorative intervention. Should the objectives of orthodontic treatment differ for the restorative patient compared with the nonrestorative patient? How should the teeth be positioned during orthodontic therapy to facilitate specific restorations? Should teeth be restored before, during, or perhaps after orthodontics? The answers to these and other important questions are vital to the successful treatment of some orthodontic patients. This article will provide a series of eight guidelines to help the interdisciplinary team manage treatment for the orthodontic-restorative patient.
Dental Restoration, Permanent↗
Enamel pearls and cervical enamel projections on 2 maxillary molars with localized periodontal disease: case report and histologic study.
Presented here is an unusual case of teeth with aberrant enamel. One small and 3 large enamel pearls were identified in 2 maxillary third molars of a patient. One long enamel projection was connected to one of the large enamel pearls, along with 2 short cervical enamel projections. The ectopic enamel was associated with advanced localized periodontal destruction. After extraction, the molars were investigated radiographically and under the scanning electron microscope. The 3 large pearls contained distinct dentinal cones. The enamel of the pearls and the long cervical projection exhibited most of the structural attributes of crown enamel but were somewhat irregular, with variable shape and course of the prisms. Morphologic considerations suggest that these enamel pearls were aberrations and should not be regarded as attempts at new cusp or new tooth formation.
Dental Enamel↗
Osteopathia striata, short stature, cataracts, and microdontia: a new syndrome? A case report.
A case of osteopathia striata, childhood cataracts, short stature, elbow deformity, and microdontia with rhizomicry in a white male is reported. The report includes a detailed analysis of dental changes. The relationship of this syndrome to other similar conditions including osteopathia striata with cranial base sclerosis and Rothmund-Thomson syndrome are discussed.
Bone Diseases, Developmental↗
The Ekman-Westborg-Julin syndrome: report of case.
The Ekman-Westborg-Julin Syndrome is reveiwed and a new case reported.
Adolescent↗
Multiple macrodonts with odontoma in a mother and son--a variant of Ekman-Westborg-Julin syndrome. Report of a case.
A case of multiple macrodonts with a complex odontoma in a mother and son is reported. This condition is thought to represent a variant of the Ekman-Westborg-Julin syndrome. The authors discuss the relationship between macrodontia and odontoma, and the involvement of hereditary factors is suggested.
Adult↗
Labial and palatal "talon cusps" on the same tooth: A case report.
Talon cusps are uncommon. Although they normally occur on the palatal surface of maxillary incisors, the literature contains two case reports of labial talon cusps. This is the first report describing a tooth with both a labial and a palatal talon cusp and its successful management.
Child↗
Endodontic treatment in taurodontism with Klinefelter's syndrome: A case report.
Taurodontism occurs either as an isolated, singular trait or in association with syndromes and with some ectodermal anomalies. Successful endodontic treatment of taurodontism has rarely been reported. This article describes the successful treatment of a case of taurodontism with 5 canals. In addition, with the suggestion of taurodontism, as well as the clinical features of the patient, a tentative diagnosis of Klinefelter's syndrome was made. This diagnosis was proven after a chromosomal study. The discovery of taurodontism should alert the dentist that there may be associated systemic problems.
Adult↗
Primary failure of tooth eruption: a unique case.
Primary failure of tooth eruption rarely occurs. This case represents a rare clinical situation and appears to reflect a generalized disturbance in the eruptive process, inasmuch as (1) deciduous and permanent dentition are affected, (2) incisors, molars, and premolars are involved in all quadrants, (3) skeletal and craniofacial growth are within normal limits, and (4) no systemic/genetic anomalies were detected. This is the first such case reported in the literature; diagnosis and management are discussed.
Child↗
Talon cusp affecting permanent maxillary lateral incisors in 2 family members.
The term talon cusp refers to a relatively rare dental anomaly in which an accessory cusplike structure projects from the cingulum area or cement-enamel junction. The condition can occur in either maxillary or mandibular anterior teeth in both the primary and permanent dentitions. This article reports 2 cases of talon cusp affecting consanguineous first cousins: a case of bilateral talon cusps on the permanent maxillary lateral incisors of a 16-year-old girl, and a case of talon cusp on the maxillary permanent lateral incisor of an 11-year-old boy. The talon cusps caused clinical problems that were related to caries or occlusal interferences. The presence of the dental anomaly in 2 members of the same family suggests that genetic inheritance may be a causative (related) factor. Examination of relatives could facilitate early diagnosis of the talon cusp and aid in preventing carious and occlusal problems.
Adolescent↗
Associated postmortem dental findings as an aid to personal identification.
The use of the unique features of the human dentition to aid in personal identification is well accepted within the forensic field. Indeed, despite advances in DNA and other identification methodologies, comparative dental identifications still play a major role in identifying the victims of violence, disaster or other misfortune. The classic comparative dental identification employs the use of postmortem and antemortem dental records (principally written notes and radiographs) to determine similarities and exclude discrepancies. In many cases the tentative identification of the individual is unknown and therefore antemortem records cannot be located. In such a situation a dental profile of the individual is developed to aid the search for the individual's identity. With such a profile a forensic odontologist can identify and report indicators for age at time of death, race (within the four major ethnic groups) and sex. In addition to these parameters the forensic dentist may be able to give more insight into the individual. This paper outlines, for the non-expert, some of the additional personal information that can be derived from the teeth of the deceased, and which may assist in their ultimate identification.
Forensic Dentistry↗