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PubMed1991

Thymus reticulum of autoimmune mice. 3. Ultrastructural study of NOD (non-obese diabetic) mouse thymus.

The non-obese diabetic (NOD) mouse develops spontaneous insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Converging lines of evidence indicate that the disease is of autoimmune origin and is primarily mediated by T cells. It thus appeared interesting to study the morphology of the thymic microenvironment in order to determine whether the architecture and/or the cellular components of the organ are altered. In the NOD mouse, significant aspects of involution were observed as early as the first month of life, forming a heterogeneous pattern with non-involuted areas. With time, these involuted aspects increased in surface and severity. In non-involuted zones vacuolization of epithelial cells was noted, as well as infiltration by plasma cells and the presence of numerous macrophages with high phagocytic activity. Involuted areas, forming a cellular layer as if cells had lost their limiting membranes, were crossed by a great number of cystic cavities bordered by epithelial cells and cells containing granulations. Their lumens contained lymphocytes and a few macrophages. These observations, which are reminiscent of similar reports made in other autoimmune mouse strains, may be related to the functional thymic abnormality thought to participate in the pathogenesis of autoimmune disease.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Phenotypic characterization of the thymus microenvironment study of the human thymus architecture.

Phenotypic characterization of the human thymic microenvironment shows the heterogeneity of the epithelial component. Using monoclonal antibody L191, we define here a new antigen common to the flat epithelial cells lining up the thymic capsule and septum, stellate epithelial cells from the subcapsular area and the medulla (M), but lacking on stellate epithelial cells from the inner cortex. Thus, this cell population can be characterized by a series of antigens (TE-4 and P19--shared with HTLV--previously described by B. Haynes et al.) which reflect a common differentiation program--including neuroendocrine specialization--with remarkable differences in the expression of these antigens, occurring during ontogeny and after birth. Another Ab we obtained shows particularities in the cytoskeletal organization of this cell population. Finally the organization of the mesenchymal component was also investigated with a third, anticollagen, antibody. A striking observation we made, using these antibodies, was the relationship between the thymic septum and flat epithelial cells with medullary and Hassal's body (HB) epithelial cells: septae deeply penetrate the medulla so that flat epithelial cells come into direct contact with medullary epithelial cells; in addition, HB are in close contact with the deepest portion of the septae, often separated solely by a single stellate cell. This architectural organization might be related to the differentiation--regeneration process of the thymic epithelium.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗