Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “THIGH”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 325 records · Page 18Linked to original sources
PubMed2004

Differential efficacy of clarithromycin in lung versus thigh infection models.

BACKGROUND: Differences in clarithromycin disposition and the resulting changes in bacterial density were studied using mouse lung and thigh infection models. METHODS: Clarithromycin activity was evaluated against seven Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates with efflux-mediated resistance in both murine lung and thigh infection models. Intrapulmonary disposition of clarithromycin was also studied. RESULTS: Consistent bacterial kill was observed in the lung model, whereas no drug effect was observed in the thigh model. CONCLUSION: These differences in bacterial density were supported by high concentrations observed in epithelial lining fluid as compared to serum.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1994

Neuromuscular diversity in archosaur deep dorsal thigh muscles.

The living members of the clade Archosauria, crocodilians and birds, differ markedly in the morphology of their deep dorsal thigh muscles. To investigate whether this diversity is accompanied by differences in motor pattern and muscle function, the hindlimbs of representative archosaurs were studied by electromyography and cineradiography during terrestrial locomotion. In a crocodilian, Alligator, the iliofemoralis and pubo-ischio-femoralis internus part 2 are both active during the swing phase of the stride cycle. This appears to be the primitive motor pattern for archosaurs. There are four avian homologues of these muscles in the helmeted guineafowl, Numida. These are primarily active in the propulsive phase (iliotrochantericus caudalis and iliotrochantericus medius), the swing phase (iliotrochantericus cranialis) and a speed-dependent combination of the propulsive and/or swing phases (iliofemoralis externus). Differences between Alligator and Numida in the number and attachment of deep dorsal muscles are associated with dissimilar motor patterns and functions. Evolutionary modifications of neuromuscular control must be recognized when evaluating avian locomotor history, but are rarely considered by paleontologists. Even within the deep dorsal thigh muscles of Numida, developmentally and anatomically similar muscles are active out-of-phase. Therefore, although the actions of two adjacent muscles appear equivalent, their functions may differ dramatically. The diversity of deep dorsal thigh muscles in modern birds may be a good model for studying the relationship between activity pattern and peripheral morphology.

Alligators and Crocodiles↗
PubMed2005

Perforated appendicitis causing thigh emphysema: a case report.

We report a case of thigh emphysema resulting from perforated appendicitis. The patient was an 83-year-old man who had no apparent abdominal signs and was initially misdiagnosed as having psoas abscess. Magnetic resonance imaging of the pelvis revealed appendicitis, and a barium enema showed a leakage of enhanced contrast material from the appendix region down into the thigh. A retroperitoneal perforation of the retrocaecal appendix without peritonitis was diagnosed. The patient underwent an appendectomy and curettage of the retroperitoneal and psoas muscle spaces, as well as the thigh. He recovered gradually, though the abscess had extended into the hip joint and resulted in osteomyelitis, requiring an additional procedure of resection arthroplasty. The patient fully recovered with no signs of infection one year postoperatively.

Abscess↗
PubMed1994

Competitive reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis indicates that levels of aromatase cytochrome P450 transcripts in adipose tissue of buttocks, thighs, and abdomen of women increase with advancing age.

Circulating androstenedione is converted to estrone in adipose tissue, which is the principal site of estrogen biosynthesis in postmenopausal women. This reaction is catalyzed by a specific form of cytochrome P450 (P450arom; the product of the CYP19 gene). The fractional conversion of plasma androstenedione to estrone as well as the specific activity of aromatase in adipose stromal cells were previously shown to increase with advancing age. To determine whether this positive effect of aging on estrogen biosynthesis is due to an alteration in tissue levels of P450arom transcripts, we quantified P450arom mRNA levels in sc fat biopsy samples (n = 33) from buttocks, thighs, and abdomen of 11 women who ranged in age from 23-61 yr. Competitive polymerase chain reaction linked to reverse transcription was used to quantify P450arom transcripts in total RNA that was isolated from sc fat obtained by needle aspiration. In each sample, primer extension and coamplification of a rat P450arom cRNA as an internal standard were used to control possible differences in amplification efficiencies between samples. The results demonstrate that with advancing age in women, there is a progressive and statistically significant increase in adipose tissue P450arom transcript levels (normalized to total RNA content) in buttocks, thighs, and abdomen (correlation coefficients: r = 0.704, 0.854, and 0.933, respectively). The levels of transcripts observed in the older subjects reach 2- to 4-fold greater than those observed in the young women. Adipose tissue P450arom transcript levels were highest in the buttocks, followed by the thighs, and lowest in the abdomen. This increase in P450arom transcript levels is likely to be a major factor contributing to the increased extragonadal estrogen biosynthesis in elderly women.

Abdomen↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Thigh compartment syndrome: diagnosis and surgical treatment.

Thigh compartment syndrome is uncommon and may go unrecognized. Signs and symptoms include a history of thigh swelling and/or hematoma and pain after minor injury in a patient who is anticoagulated. Surgical approaches to the deep thigh compartments are described.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A review of thigh-length vs knee-length antiembolism stockings.

Knee-length and thigh-length antiembolism (AE) stockings are used to prevent deep vein thrombosis in medical and surgical patients who are at risk because of periods of immobilization while in hospital. The aim of this review was to compare the effectiveness of both lengths of stocking and consider the implications for nursing practice. An electronic search was performed using Medline and Cinahl and a hand search was also conducted. Four studies and a literature review were selected. These studies indicated that knee-length AE stockings were equally effective as were associated with better patient compliance and were more cost-effective than thigh-length stockings. However, as with thigh-length stockings, they require accurate measurement and correct fitting if associated complications are to be avoided, highlighting the need for better education for both practitioners and patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Acute compartment syndrome of the thigh after joint replacement with anticoagulation.

We describe three patients with a compartment syndrome of the thigh, two after total hip replacement and one after total knee replacement. Two of the patients were fully anticoagulated. A compartment syndrome of the thigh is a rare, but important complication of joint replacement surgery if patients are receiving anticoagulants. Close observation is needed and when indicated monitoring of the intracompartmental pressure should be done. Early recognition of the signs and symptoms of an acute compartment syndrome and knowledge of the anatomy of the compartments of the thigh will help in the diagnosis and treatment of this potentially devastating complication.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2002

Medial thigh lift free flap for autologous breast augmentation after bariatric surgery.

BACKGROUND: Massive weight loss following bariatric surgery frequently results in body contour deformities like ptotic and hypoplastic breasts, redundant abdominal tissue and loose skin especially in the medial thigh area. This redundant tissue can be used for breast augmentation in the case of hypertrophic ptotic breasts. METHOD: In 3 patients who underwent a vertical banded gastroplasty and consecutively lost more than 60% of their body weight, a breast augmentation with a transverse gracilis myocutaneous free flap was performed. RESULTS: Bilateral myocutaneous gracilis free flap breast augmentation resulted in an esthetic, pleasing result, with additional correction of the redundant skin from the medial thigh region. CONCLUSION: Autologous breast augmentation with a simultaneous medial thigh lift can be performed safely, after successful weight loss following bariatric surgery.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed2005

Abdominal wall and thigh abscess resulting from the penetration of ascending colon cancer.

An unusual case is described in which an abdominal wall and thigh abscess was an initial symptom of ascending colon cancer. A 76-year-old woman was referred to our hospital for investigation of fever and abdominal and thigh swelling. Computed tomography revealed a right abdominal wall, retroperitoneal, psoas and thigh abscess formation suspected to be caused by colon perforation. Due to the patient's poor general condition, local drainage of the abscess was performed on the following day of hospitalization. Histological examination of necrotic tissues removed form the retroperitoneal cavity demonstrated adenocarcinoma of the colon. The patient subsequently underwent right hemicolectomy with lymph nodal dissection after 19 days of the drainage procedure and was transferred to another hospital on the 49th day following the second surgery.

Abdominal Wall↗
PubMed2005

Renal rupture associated with a poorly differentiated follicular thyroid carcinoma metastasizing to the thigh muscle, lung and kidney.

A 76-year-old woman with a history of total thyroidectomy for a thyroid carcinoma at the age of 63 was admitted to our hospital for the treatment of a renal rupture induced by a tumor of about 3 cm in diameter. High levels of blood thyroglobulin (Tg>1,000 ng/ml) led us to suspect a recurrence of thyroid carcinoma. Strong accumulation in whole-body 123I and 201Tl scintigraphy scans after the nephrectomy revealed tumors in the right lung and left thigh muscle measuring 5 cm and 9 cm in diameter, respectively. The tumors of the kidney and thigh muscle were pathologically diagnosed as poorly differentiated follicular thyroid carcinoma, and the lung tumor was also suggested to be a metastasis of the thyroid carcinoma based on the scintigraphy findings. We report this rare case of follicular thyroid carcinoma associated with metastases to the thigh muscle and kidney leading to a rupture 13 years after a total thyroidectomy. Care should be taken to determine whether unknown tumors are thyroid carcinoma metastases.

Adenocarcinoma, Follicular↗
PubMed1987

Sonography of thigh abscess: detection, diagnosis, and drainage.

Sonographic characteristics and percutaneous catheter drainage of thigh abscesses in 18 patients are described. Most of these patients had underlying diseases including osteomyelitis, trauma, diabetes mellitus, rheumatoid arthritis, leukemia, lymphoma, sepsis, bleeding dyscrasia, and autoimmune disease. Previous procedures on these thigh collections included seven operations and 12 nondiagnostic ward aspirations. All collections were shown by sonography to be either anterior or anterolateral. Two cases referred for drainage were posteromedial; sonography showed these to be mycotic pseudoaneurysms. The abscesses were either anechoic or hypoechoic, and occasionally had debris and septations. Abscesses associated with underlying osteomyelitis abutted the femur; those related to other causes generally were more superficial within muscle or fascial layers. Sonographically guided catheter drainage successfully cured all patients, even those in whom ward aspiration or formal surgery had been unsuccessful. Sonography is a simple and inexpensive method of imaging and guiding the drainage of thigh abscesses. Percutaneous catheter drainage is the treatment of choice in cases in which simple emergency room or ward incision and drainage are inadequate.

Abscess↗
PubMed1981

Thigh adductor contraction during transurethral resection of bladder tumours: evaluation of inactive electrode placement and obturator nerve topography.

Thigh adductor contraction occurred in 17 of 160 patients during transurethral resection of newly diagnosed bladder tumours. In 13 of the 17 patients contractions were abolished by changing the site of the inactive electrode from the buttocks to the thigh. The topographic relationship between the obturator nerve and the bladder wall studied radiographically and at autopsy showed that the distance between the bladder and the nerve considerably diminished with increasing bladder volume. Thus, when obturator nerve stimulation occurs during transurethral resection transposition of the inactive electrode from the buttocks to the thigh should be tried first to prevent further stimulation. Moreover, TUR at low bladder volume may reduce the frequency of obturator nerve stimulation.

Electrodes↗
PubMed2006

Extensive retroperitoneal and right thigh abscess in a patient with ruptured retrocecal appendicitis: an extremely fulminant form of a common disease.

As a disease commonly encountered in daily practice, acute appendicitis is usually diagnosed and managed easily with a low mortality and morbidity rate. However, acute appendicitis may occasionally become extraordinarily complicated and life threatening. A 56-year-old man, healthy prior to this admission, was brought to the hospital due to spiking high fever, poor appetite, dysuria, progressive right flank and painful swelling of the thigh for 3 d. Significant inflammatory change of soft tissue was noted, involving the entire right trunk from the subcostal margin to the knee joint. Painful disability of the right lower extremity and apparent signs of peritonitis at the right lower abdomen were disclosed. Laboratory results revealed leukocytosis and an elevated C-reactive protein level. Abdominal CT revealed several communicated gas-containing abscesses at the right retroperitoneal region with mass effect, pushing the duodenum and the pancreatic head upward, compressing and encasing inferior vena cava, destroying psoas muscle and dissecting downward into the right thigh. Laparotomy and right thigh exploration were performed immediately and about 500 mL of frank pus was drained. A ruptured retrocecal appendix was the cause of the abscess. The patient fully recovered at the end of the third post-operation week. This case reminds us that acute appendicitis should be treated carefully on an emergency basis to avoid serious complications. CT scan is the diagnostic tool of choice, with rapid evaluation followed by adequate drainage as the key to the survival of the patient.

Abscess↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Thigh pain after cementless total hip arthroplasty: evaluation and management.

Data from short- and long-term follow-up studies indicate that thigh pain is a significant complication after apparently successful cementless total hip arthroplasty. In most cases, reported symptoms are mild to moderate, resolve spontaneously or do not progress, and require little or no therapeutic intervention. However, persistent thigh pain may be a source of dissatisfaction or may present as severe, disabling pain. Possible causes include bone-prosthesis micromotion, excessive stress transfer to the femur, periosteal irritation, or a mismatch in Young's modulus of elasticity that increases the structural rigidity of the prosthetic stem relative to the femur. Thorough diagnostic evaluation of thigh pain is essential to rule out prosthetic infection or loosening, stress fracture, or spinal pathology as the primary source. Treatment options in the aseptic, well-fixed femoral component include medical management, revision of the femoral component, or cortical strut grafting at the tip of the implant.

Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip↗
PubMed1985

Ultrasound fetal thigh-calf circumferences and gestational age--independent fetal ratios in normal pregnancy.

The growth of the sonographically measured fetal thigh and fetal calf circumferences was studied during normal pregnancy. The normal range of fetal thigh and fetal calf circumferences for each week of pregnancy was determined from 20 to 41 weeks. The ratios of the ultrasonically measured fetal femur length to thigh circumference (expressed as femur length/thigh circumference X 100) and fetal tibia length to calf circumference (expressed as tibia length/calf circumference X 100) were also determined. These ratios were found to be relatively constant, with normal ranges after 20 weeks of 51.8 +/- 7.8 and 57.6 +/- 9.4 (mean +/- 2SD) respectively. The applications of these new fetal parameters in the evaluation of abnormal fetal growth patterns are discussed. It is suggested that these ratios should be used in evaluating fetal growth in high-risk patients who present late in pregnancy with unknown dates.

Anthropometry↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Bilateral diabetic infarction of the thigh adductor muscles in a diabetic female patient-- A case report and review of the literature].

A 30-year-old female complained of lancinating pain in the bilateral thighs for 10 days. The patient had a 22-year history of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Physical examination revealed swelling of the bilateral lower extremities. There was exquisite tenderness on palpation over the medial thighs, with marked increase in pain on hip and knee flexion. Muscle strength of quadriceps, hamstrings, and hip adductor was decreased due to muscle pain. Pedal pulses were palpable bilaterally. Roentogenograms of the left femur revealed calcification of the left femoral arterial wall. Venogram revealed no obstruction with normal drainage. Complete blood cell count showed left shift of the neutrophils, markedly accelerated erythrocyte sedimentation rate, prolonged prothorombin time of 9 sec (normal 11.7 sec), C-reactive protein of 7.3 mg/dl and serum creatine kinase level of 175 IU/L. FBS was 225 mg/dl and Hb A 1 c was 16.4%. An MR imaging of the thighs revealed high signal intensities in the bilateral adductor muscles on T 2-weighted images. The symptoms resolved spontaneously over a three week period. From the course of the illness and MR imaging, the patient was diagnosed having diabetic muscle infarction (DMI), a rare complication of diabetes mellitus. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of DMI in Japan. Diabetic microangiopathy and hypercoagulability are thought to be responsible for inducing DMI. Because the diagnosis can be made from the characteristic clinical and the typical MR imaging findings, muscle biopsy is not always necessary to obtain the diagnosis of DMI.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Giant lipoma of the thigh: report of a case].

The clinical findings and surgical management of a 58 years old woman with a large lipoma of the thigh are reported. Giant lipomas of the thigh, infrequently observed, are of interest because causing functional limitation and lymphedema, due to their tendency to recur after surgical removal and their potential hazard of malignant transformation. Specific diagnostic tools are discussed. Surgical excision is the first-choice treatment of a giant lipoma of the thigh.

Female↗
PubMed1999

Effect of thigh flexion on somatosensory evoked potentials in meralgia paresthetica.

Standing with the thigh extended or lying still provokes and stepping or sitting relieves the symptoms in some patients with meralgia paresthetica. We performed this study to confirm this clinical feature with electrophysiological measures. Twenty-one symptomatic and 17 asymptomatic legs of 19 patients were evaluated by somatosensory evoked potential studies in both extended and flexed thigh positions. In the symptomatic group, thigh flexion significantly reduced the cortical latency. This finding is parallel with the relief of the symptoms.

Evoked Potentials, Somatosensory↗