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Results for “SCAPULA”

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At least 325 records · Page 18Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Winging of the Scapula in a Young Athlete.

A 15-year-old high school football player noticed asymmetry of his right shoulder and thought that he was losing muscle mass around his right shoulder over the previous 2-3 weeks. There was no history of pain, recent or past direct trauma or surgery of the neck or thorax. He was diagnosed with serologically confirmed infectious mononucleosis about 2 months earlier, and was recovering clinically. Physical examination was normal, except for significant asymmetry and winging of the right scapula, and electromyographic and nerve conduction studies revealed demyealination and axonal damage to the right long thoracic nerve and paralysis of serratus anterior, most likely caused by Epstein-Barr virus infection. Conservative treatment approach allowing continued activity and strengthening exercises resulted in full functional recovery over the next 6-8 months.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2006

A case of atypical insertion of the levator scapulae.

Anatomical variations in the musculature of the spine have the potential to cause functional and postural abnormalities, which in turn could lead to chronic myofascial and skeletal pain. We present a unilateral case of a 71-year-old Caucasian female in which the left levator scapulae muscle gave rise to an accessory head that inserted, by way of a flat aponeurotic band, to the ligamentum nuchae, the tendon of the rhomboideus major and the superior aspect of the serratus posterior superior muscle. The innervation was provided by a branch of the dorsal scapular nerve. By exerting unilateral traction on the vertebrae and surrounding musculature, this unusual variation might have resulted in clinical consequences including scoliosis and movement abnormalities of the head and neck as well as myofascial pain syndrome.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Pressure pain threshold on upper trapezius and levator scapulae muscles. Repeatability and relation to subjective symptoms in a working population.

The pressure pain threshold for the upper trapezius and levator scapulae muscles was studied in a working population with a mechanical algometer. The lower 95% confidence interval limits of the correlation coefficient describing intraobserver reliability varied from 0.71 to 0.92, measured in 93 men and 70 women. The values describing interobserver reliability varied from 0.68 to 0.79, measured only in men. The day-to-day repeatability was measured in 10 women and it proved to be acceptable. In general, women had lower pain threshold values than men. Low values were related to complaints in the neck and shoulder region. However, the values in the non-symptomatic population displayed wide variation. Though unsuited for use as a primary diagnostic or screening tool, the method shows promise for application in individual follow-up studies as an outcome measure in therapeutic trials.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Electromyographic study of the trapezius (upper portion) and levator scapulae muscles in some movements of the shoulders.

The trapezius (upper portion) and levator scapulae mm. were analyzed in 30 adult volunteers of both sexes with a 2 channel TECA TE4 electromyograph and single coaxial needle electrodes. It was noticed that in elevation and lowering of the shoulders both muscles act synergically, and during the lowering, they act to control the return of the shoulders to the initial position. During retraction and protraction of the shoulders these muscles are inactive. In these movements no significant difference was noticed in the activity of these muscles in relation to sex.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

[Electromyographic analysis of the levator scapulae and rhomboideus major muscle in movements of the upper limb (author's transl)].

The participation of the levator scapulae and rhomboideus major muscles in some movements of upper limb was analysed in 21 young adult male volunteers. A 2 channel TECA TE 4 electromyograph connected with single coaxial needle electrodes was used. In abduction, elevation, adduction, flexion and circunduction occurred participation of both muscles in free movements of the upper limb. In extension, however, these muscles were inactive. In the same movements analysed with load, it was registered major intensity of action of these muscles as compared with those obtained in free movements.

Arm↗
PubMed1994

[Microsurgical scapula transplants for reconstruction of the facial skull--experiences with 44 patients].

Great versatility gives composed scapular flaps a particular significance for the reconstruction of defects in face and skull: According to individual requirements one up to five separate elements may be transferred with one vascular pedicle. Anatomical studies of 120 scapulas measured a mean length of 13.4 cm and a mean diameter of 1.2 cm of the lateral margin offering sufficient bone for most indications in the visceral skull. Up to three cutaneous flaps may cover nearly every defect in the head. 44 patients were treated in the years 1989 to 1993 using scapular flaps, most of them combinations consisting of bone and skin elements. In two patients a so called 4-in-1-flap was transferred including the latissimus-dorsi-flap. All donor sites could be closed primarily. Venous thrombosis caused one loss of a flap. Infections healed without sequelae. Medical gymnastics brought full rehabilitation of the donor site within 6 months.

Bone Transplantation↗
PubMed1994

[Microsurgical reanastomosis of scapula transplants for maxillofacial bone reconstruction].

Between 1989 and April 1993 29 grafts from the scapula region have been harvested for reconstruction in the head and neck area. 7 out of 20 osteocutaneous grafts have been used for reconstructions in the maxillary/midface area. In this area, one graft was completely lost due to venous congestion and another loss of the soft tissue component of one graft occurred. The complication rate in the maxilla seems to be higher than in application of the flap for mandibular reconstruction. Reconstruction in the maxillary/midface area most often requires several surgical steps. In special situations, as for example when unfavorable conditions regarding the recipient vessels exist, primary soft tissue reconstruction with a technically less demanding flap and a longer vascular pedicle (for example m. latissimus dorsi) and secondary free bone grafting may be indicated.

Bone Transplantation↗
PubMed1993

[The clinical application of deltoid spina scapula muscular pedicle flaps].

The authors report a self-designed procedure of deltoid spina scapula muscular pedicle bone graft which is suitable for treatment of humeral bone tumor, traumatic bone defect, bone infection or anomalies involving the shoulder region and the humerus when bone graft is needed. The results of preliminary application in 11 cases show that owing to good quality and satisfactory quantity of the graft rich in vascularization, this procedure is reliable, easy to perform and facilitates rapid bone healing.

Adolescent↗