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At least 325 records · Page 18Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Antifoaming agent microembolism in patients undergoing extracorporeal circulation. Its frequency in post mortem material and its pathogenic potential in vitro].

Antifoam microembolisms in patients that undergo open heart surgery, represent a risk for postoperative complications. We decided to study its frequency in an autopsy population of patients who died after heart surgery. Forty-five patients were selected and histological sections from the kidneys were studied under light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and X-ray microanalysis. Thirty-six cases (80%) showed microemboli in the glomerular capillaries lumens. There was a positive correlation between the number of particles found and the length of the surgery. Microemboli were composed of an amorphous fraction and a particulated one composed of silicon. In vitro experimentation demonstrated that the particles are capable to induce cell lysis in a dose related manner. They also are susceptible of been phagocitated by macrophages. We conclude that bubble oxygenator are capable to induce microembolisms in a high percentage of the cases studied. Components of the microemboli are cytotoxic. Therefore microembolisms could be participating in the morbidity of patients subjects to cardiopulmonary bypass.

Antifoaming Agents↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Effects of "host factor" bile on adaptability and virulence of Vibrios, foodborne potential pathogenic agents].

In order to improve the knowledge of host/pathogenic agent interaction and to obtain a more careful estimation of risk related to ingestion of food contaminated by Vibrio spp., the effects of bile extracts have been studied. The growth of one V. fluvialis, two V. alginolyticus, and three V. parahaemolyticus strains, isolated from mollusks and crustaceans, has been determined to evaluate their adaptability to intestinal environment. Moreover, the expression of virulence factors responsible for the colonization, as bacterial "swarming mobility", biofilm production, adherence on epithelial cells and hydrophobicity, has been evaluated. Using a bile concentration of 1.5%, all examined strains showed a constant inhibitory effect, quite moderate in the first growth phases. Bile increased the "swarming mobility" and biofilm production; also the adherence was favored, but only after adaptation and during the early logarithmic phase. The decreased hydrophobicity could explain the reduction of adherence during the stationary phase. Studying the phenotypic expression of virulence factors in "minor vibrios" in the presence of bile, it was possible to extend the knowledge about their pathogenetic mechanisms owing to the ingestion of contaminated food. That permits a more careful estimation of risk related to the contamination, considering the high frequency of isolation of these species in some seafood.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMed2006

Presence of potentially pathogenic Babesia sp. for human in Ixodes ricinus in Switzerland.

We have designed and performed a new PCR method based on the 18S rRNA in order to individuate the presence and the identity of Babesia parasites. Out of 1159 Ixodes ricinus (Acari: Ixodidae) ticks collected in four areas of Switzerland, nine were found to contain Babesia DNA. Sequencing of the short amplicon obtained (411-452 bp) allowed the identification of three human pathogenic species: Babesia microti, B. divergens, for the first time in Switzerland, Babesia sp. EU1. We also report coinfections with B. sp. EU1-Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto and Babesia sp. EU1-B. afzelii.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[Oral bacterial flora and its pathogenic potential].

The oral flora is a complex body formed by at least a hundred bacterial species which can be more or less regular residents in the oral cavity. Thanks to a developing taxonomy related to progress made in bacterial identification, these oral species can be separated into five groups based Gram staining and morphology: the Gram positive cocci group (Streptococcus, Staphylococcus and related geni), the Gram negative cocci group (Neisseria, Veillonella and related geni), the Gram positive bacilli group (Corynebacterium, Actinomyces, Lactobacillus, Methanobrevibacter and related geni), the Gram negative bacilli group (Haemophilus, Campylobacter, Bacteroides and related geni) and finally the spirochete group (Treponema).

Bacteria↗
PubMed1990

Lernaeocera branchialis: a potential pathogen to cod ranching.

A study was carried out to determine the effect of Lernaeocera branchialis on Atlantic cod infected in the laboratory and in the field and also to ascertain its effect on cod-ranching. Sixty-four percent (308) of 481 cod acquired infections in the laboratory and 33% (159) of the infected fish died over a 4-yr period. About 74% of the deaths occurred within 4 mo of the infection. Monthly samples of cod collected adjacent to a cod-ranching operation showed an initial prevalence of 30% that subsequently decreased in the following 2 mo to 15%. Prevalence of the infection also decreased among the initial field sample of cod that were kept alive, from 30 to 17% during the same 2-mo period and to 9% after 8 mo and was associated with death caused by the parasite. Cod examined at intervals after infection showed evidence of reduced weight gain, lower liver somatic index, liver lipid, and blood values than controls. A field sample taken from the same area during the summer of the following year indicated a prevalence of 12%. This higher than usual prevalence (4-6%) was associated with retention of the intermediate host, Cyclopterus lumpus, that provided an additional source of infective stages. It is likely that increased parasitism could affect the success of the cod-ranching operation in view of the parasite's devastating effects on its hosts.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Potential pathogenic role of cell-surface polypeptides, cross-reactive with DNA, in systemic lupus erythematosus.

The authors report their studies on the cross-reactivity of certain anti-DNA antibodies with polypeptides expressed on the membrane of different cell types. These lupus associated membrane proteins (LAMPs) could play an important role in the pathophysiology of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) since anti-LAMP antibodies have been found in renal eluates of MRL/lpr/lpr mice and in the serum of patients with active SLE.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Effectiveness of selected disinfectant and antiseptic preparations on potentially pathogenic micromycetes].

Using the contact test, the author investigated the antifungal efficiency of 13 disinfectants and antiseptic preparations (hydrogen peroxide, Persteril, Jodonal B, Jodisol, Chlordetal, Famosept-Super, Septonex, Ajatin, Cresolum saponatum, ethanol, Desident spray, chlorhexidine, Galli-Valerio solution) against 23 strains of eight genera of microscopic fungi (Absidia, Aspergillus, Candida, Geotrichum, Mucor, Rhizopus, Torulopsis and Trichosporon). The results revealed that filamentous fungi and among them in particular zygomycetes are more resistant against the above preparations than yeasts. The highest antifungal activity was observed in 5% Creolum saponatum and 1% and 2% Famosept Super. On the other hand, 3% H2O2, 5% Jodisol and 0.1% Chlorhexidine were almost ineffective. On investigations of the vitality of spores and fragments of the mycelium of the tested micromycetes the greatest resistance to desiccation was manifested by conidia and hyphae of aspergilli, the smallest one by blastopores of yeasts Candida albicans and Torulopsis glabrata.

Anti-Infective Agents, Local↗