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At least 325 records · Page 18Linked to original sources
PubMed2000

Common antigenicity between Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica) pollen and Japanese cypress (Chamaecyparis obtusa) pollen, II. Determination of the cross-reacting T-cell epitope of cry j 1 and cha o 1 in mice.

We have previously detected common antigenicity between Cry j 1 and Cha o 1 in B10.S mice. B10.S mice immunized with Cry j 1- or Cha o 1-generated T cells and antibodies reactive to both allergens. In the present study, we investigated the cross-reacting and Cry j 1-specific T-cell epitopes in B10.S mice. Lymph node cells from B10. S mice immunized with Cry j 1 recognized Cry j 1 p111-130, p211-230, and p310-330 as well as Cha o 1 p209-228. The existence of the cross-reacting T-cell epitope in Cry j 1 and Cha o 1 was confirmed by the response of newly established p211-230-specific and Cha o 1 p209-228-specific T-cell lines. The minimum peptide sequence (p213-224) of the cross-reacting T-cell epitope was identical in Cry j 1 and Cha o 1. These findings clearly demonstrate that common antigenicity at the T-cell level between Japanese cedar and cypress pollen allergens was caused by the existence of an identitical-cell epitope in Cry j 1 and Cha o 1.

Allergens↗
PubMed2004

Japanese cedar pollen-specific interleukin-4 production develops immediately after the first exposure to pollens in infants with atopic dermatitis.

BACKGROUND: Japanese cedar pollens (JCPs) spread over most areas of Japan from February to April and cause pollenosis. While IgE synthesis against JCPs starts after age 1, it remains to be clarified when JCP-specific T helper cells acquire the ability to produce IL-4, a cytokine that induces IgE synthesis. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to clarify when the sensitization of T cells to JCPs develops. METHODS: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 153 children with atopic dermatitis (AD) aged 0-15 years were stimulated with a standardized JCP allergen. As parameters of T cell responsiveness, lymphocyte proliferation and the production of IL-4 and IFN-gamma were measured. RESULTS: T cell responses against JCPs were negative before March in infants with AD who had never been exposed to JCPs or who were exposed for less than a month (nine, seven and nine subjects for lymphocyte proliferation, cytokine production and IgE synthesis, respectively). Lymphocyte proliferation distinctly increased in 67.6% (23/34) of infants with AD examined between March and June. JCP-specific IL-4 production was observed in 56.0% (14/25) of infants with AD examined between March and June. Correspondingly, a slight increase in the level of serum JCP-specific IgE antibody was seen in 17.2% (five of 29) of infants with AD examined between April and June. CONCLUSION: These results demonstrate that the sensitization of T cells to JCPs is effectively completed within a few months after the first exposure to JCPs.

Case-Control Studies↗
PubMed1981

Grass pollen hyposensitization versus placebo therapy. I. Clinical effectiveness and methodological aspects of a pre-seasonal course of desensitization with a four-grass pollen extract.

The present work reports the results of a double-blind clinical trial, comparing the effects of hyposensitization treatment versus placebo in 33 patients with allergic rhinitis, sensitive to a crude extract of the pollen of four different grasses (Dactylis glomerata, Lolium perenne, Secale cereale, and Phleum pratense). The distribution of these patients in the two groups was done randomly and gave two comparable groups, as far as clinical and biological features are concerned. The treatment course included five low doses of the aqueous extract followed by 12 injections of Al(OH)3-adsorbed aliquots of the same extract. Evaluation of the clinical scores was based on diary cards on which symptoms and medications were recorded. A reevaluation of the significance of the symptom and medication scores is presented and the link between both scores is studied. Particular attention is given to the methodological and statistical problems raised during this study. The non-parametric tests reveal a significant difference (P less or equal to than 0.03) in the total clinical score between the treated and the placebo groups for the second half of the observation period, when the pathology was most intense.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Tree pollen allergy. I. Features of plant geography and pollen counts.

The distribution of trees and bushes in Sweden (viz. lignoses) of possible allergic importance is presented and comments made on analyses of pollen counts of lignose taxa from different parts of the country. Based on these data, 20 lignose taxa were selected for an allergen panel and used in a multi-centre study covering Sweden with the aim of revealing the pattern of sensitization to these plants among sufferers of springtime hay fever.

Humans↗
PubMed1976

Chemical modification of crude timothy grass pollen extract. II. Class and specificity of antibodies induced by chemically modified timothy grass pollen extract.

The effects have been studied of three different chemical modifications of timothy grass pollen extract on various immunological properties. The ability to induce IgG antibody with specificity for native antigen was least affected by glutaraldehyde treatment; IgE antibody production was reduced to a similar extent by all three modifications; there was no increase in IgM production; delayed reactions were reduced. New antigenic determinants were introduced by all the modifications, but the effect was minimal following glutaraldehyde treatment. The significance of these results and the potential application of modified allergen in hyposensitisation therapy are discussed.

Acetoacetates↗
PubMed2002

[Poaceae pollens. Comparison of Poaceae pollens in 1999 among Marseille, Gap, and Briançon 2000 meters].

Pollens of Poaceae remain the major concern of all those which are concerned with the allergies. The grasses in question are ubiquitaires, but the variations due to climate and the relief influence much on the statements. Our country, from its geographical richness and by the number of sites of collecting, allows an interesting synthesis and a better comprehension of the metabolism of the plant. We are interesting here in the sites of Nimes, Aixen-Provence, Gap and Briançon, included in the National Network. Moreover, one sensor placed temporarily at 2,000 meters of altitude, meadows of Briançon, gives one further information.

Altitude↗
PubMed1992

[Environmental and immunological survey of sensitization with Japanese cedar (Cryotomeria japonica) pollen in children. Part 2. The clinical significance of Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica) pollen specific IgE antibody and IgG4 antibody].

The clinical manifestations and Japanese cedar (sugi in Japanese) pollen specific antibodies were studied in 340 children who had not received specific hyposensitization. Specific IgE antibodies were measured by radioallergosorbent test (RAST) and IgG4 antibody by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). There were 52 children (15%) with RAST scores of over 2, and 44 children (13%) with ELISA of over 101 mu/ml. The specific IgG4 level was significantly higher in the RAST positive group than in the negative group. The incidence of pollinosis among children with RAST negative and IgG4 below 100 mu/ml was 13.3%, while combinations of RAST negative and higher ELISA, RAST positive and low ELISA, and RAST positive and higher ELISA were 50.0+-62.5%. There were 5 children with RAST scores of 4, and 6 children with ELISA of over 201 mu/ml. Symptoms of pollinosis manifested in all of them. Since the children with low IgE and high IgG4 antibodies had comparatively more symptoms, the IgG4 antibodies might be reaginic. It was concluded that measurement of sugi specific IgG4 antibodies as well as IgE antibodies could provide useful data on pollinosis in children.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Comparative studies on tree pollen allergens. XIV. Characterization of the birch (Betula verrucosa) and hazel (Corylus avellana) pollen extracts by horizontal 2-D SDS-PAGE combined with electrophoretic transfer and IgE immunoautoradiography.

The crude aqueous extracts of birch (Betula verrucosa) and hazel (Corylus avellana) pollen were characterized by horizontal isoelectric focusing (IEF) and one-dimensional and two-dimensional sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (1-D and 2-D SDS/PAGE). Isoelectric focusing reference patterns obtained in pH 3.5 to 9.5 gradient gels contained 31 and 41 bands while the 2-D patterns consisted of 51 and 72 protein spots, respectively. Electrophoretic transfer to nitrocellulose membranes and subsequent 125I-immunoautoradiography demonstrated IgE binding in the region between pH 4.8 and 5.4 for both extracts. The main allergenic reactivities of this pH region were distributed by SDS/PAGE to the molecular weights of 29.5, 17, and 12.5 kilodaltons for birch and 15.5 and 12 kilodaltons for hazel. The high resolving power and the independence of rabbit antibodies were considered the major advantages of the described 2-D methodology as compared with conventional crossed immunoelectrophoretic and radioimmunoelectrophoretic techniques.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Comparative studies on tree pollen allergens. XI. Trials on the regulation of IgE response in mice using modified birch pollen allergens.

The major allergen of birch pollen, BV45, was isolated and conjugated to 2-o-methoxy polyethylene glycol-4,6-dichloro-5-triazine (mPEG). The molecular-weight variant of 6,000 daltons of the activated mPEG was used in an antigen-specific regulation of IgE response. In these studies 200 genetically high IgE responders (CBA/Ca) female mice were intradermally immunized by the purified BV45, with the use of various adjuvants. Four different sets of experiments were made. In the first experiment 50 mice were immunized on days 1 and 15 with BV45. This was followed by another booster dose of the native BV45 or the modified mPEG-BV45 in Freund's incomplete adjuvants (FIA) on day 72. In the 2nd experiment, a similar procedure was performed except that booster doses were injected on day 135. Subsequently on day 136, BV45/FIA was intradermally injected. In the 3rd and 4th sets of experiments, 2 groups of 50 mice were daily immunized by intraperitoneal injections of 10 successive doses of BV45. On day 33 a dose of BV45 or mPEG-BV45 respectively, was intraperitoneally injected in each mouse. This injection was followed by other 10 successive doses of BV45. In experiment 3 no adjuvants were used, and in experiment 4 aluminium hydroxide gel was used as adjuvant. The mice immune response was assessed by analyses of the serum IgG and IgE levels. In all experiments higher IgG concentrations were shown for the immunized mice as compared to the non-treated control animals. Administration of booster doses of BV45 or mPEG-BV45 induced increases in the IgG levels.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Allergens↗
PubMed1986

Comparative studies on tree pollen allergens. X. Further purification and N-terminal amino acid sequence analyses of the major allergen of birch pollen (Betula verrucosa).

The previously isolated major allergen of birch pollen (fraction BV45), Int. Archs Allergy appl. Immun. 68: 70-78 (1982), was further purified by recycling chromatography. The purified preparation was run on a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) TSK-G-2000 gel filtration chromatography column and, finally, on paper high-volt electrophoresis. The protein recovered met the homogeneity criteria required for performing the N-terminal sequence analysis. The allergenic and antigenic reactivities of the HPLC-purified protein, designated BV45B, was examined. A single homogeneous precipitation line in crossed immunoelectrophoresis (CIE) was shown. Specific IgE-inhibition tests and immuno-autoradiographic prints indicated that this allergen could bind reaginic IgE specificially and with good affinity. The homogeneity of BV45B was examined by isoelectric focusing (IEF). Several minor bands of pI differences of less than 0.1 units were visible, demonstrating the existence of some molecular variants of this protein. The N-terminal sequence analysis of the molecule was performed, and the following four amino acids were tentatively shown by sequential cleavage: NH2-Ala-Gly-Ile-Val-. The demonstration of one dominant N-terminal 1-dimethyl-amino-5-naphthalene sulphonyl (DNS)-amino acid by polyamide thin-layer chromatography at each sequence step confirmed that the N-terminal residue of the protein was not blocked; the heterogeneity shown by the IEF system was merely due to the presence of several homologous polymorphic proteins with identical N-terminal amino acid, the adequacy of the purification repertoire used.

Absorption↗
PubMed1985

Glycoprotein allergens in pollen of timothy. I. Investigation of carbohydrates extracted from pollen of timothy (Phleum pratense) and purification of a carbohydrate-containing allergen by affinity chromatography on concanavalin A-sepharose.

On extraction of timothy pollen with aqueous buffer high molecular weight material (MW greater than 3,500) containing the sugars arabinose, fucose, xylose, mannose, galactose and glucose was rapidly released. When the allergen extract was subjected to crossed immunoaffinoelectrophoresis with lectins incorporated in the first- or second-dimension gel, some allergens were clearly retarded. A basic glycoprotein allergen, probably the one known as antigen 30, was bound to concanavalin A (Con A) and also to a lectin from Pisum sativum. This allergen was purified by a combination of Con A-Sepharose and CM-Sephadex chromatography, giving a product that contained the following sugars: arabinose (1.4%), fucose (traces), xylose (1.3%), mannose (2.0%), galactose (7.6%) and glucose (10.5%). The purified allergen appeared essentially homogeneous on isoelectric focusing and on gel permeation chromatography. The allergenic activity and acid phosphatase activity, which have been correlated by previous workers, were demonstrated to be entirely separable.

Allergens↗
PubMed1985

Allergens in pollen from mugwort (Artemisia vulgaris L.). I. Partial characterization of allergen preparations from mugwort pollen with emphasis on the carbohydrate moiety.

The results obtained in these studies show that certain mugwort allergens are extracted after 5 min extraction time and that there is little difference whether phosphate-buffered saline or NH4HCO3 is used as extraction buffer. An extraction time of 1 h appears to be sufficient for a quantitative extraction of the main part of the allergens present. When the extracts are dialyzed, cathodic antigens/allergens are lost. Addition of thiourea leads to a reduction in the coloured matter of the extract, but not in a sufficient degree to recommend the compound to be included in the extraction procedures of allergens from mugwort pollen. A few allergens are heat-resistant, and as these fractions are richer in carbohydrate than equivalent fractions not being heat-treated, these allergens might be of glycoprotein nature. Structural features of the carbohydrate moiety are also described as well as the total amino acid composition of the protein moiety.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1984

Comparative studies on tree pollen allergens. VII. Monomethoxy polyethylene glycol conjugation of the major allergen of birch pollen (Betula verrucosa).

The major allergen of birch pollen (BV45) was conjugated to 2-0-methoxy polyethylene glycol-4,6-dichloro-5-triazine (mPEG). Three molecular weight variants of 4,000, 6,000 and 20,000 daltons, respectively, of the activated PEG were used. The modified preparations were labelled by 125I and both the native and the radiolabelled protein conjugates were purified by gel filtration chromatography. The relative molecular weights of the purified two peaks were preliminarily estimated by high performance liquid chromatography (two populations of greater than or equal to 100,000 or 20,000 daltons). The amino acid composition of the acid hydrolysates of the three conjugated proteins indicated that 5 residues of lysine were modified by mPEG. Other charged amino acid side chains could also be bound to the activated PEG. The immunochemical properties of the copolymers were studied. The immunogenicity and antigenicity were examined by immunizing rabbits with 125I-mPEG 4,000 daltons BV45 and 125I-mPEG 20,000 daltons BV45 and subsequently crossed immunoelectrophoresis. The clearence of the radiolabelled protein showed normal pattern. A sharp decline in the radioactivity could be measured. At days 10-12, the remaining radioactivity was below 2%. Preliminary studies showed that the modified proteins were immunogenic in rabbits. The findings were demonstrated by crossed immunoelectrophoresis of the 125I-mPEG 4,000, 6,000 or 20,000 daltons BV45 and the corresponding autoradiographs. Apparently, the immunogenicity and antigenicity of the preparations were qualitatively unaltered. The allergenicity of the modified preparation was measured in vitro by RAST and RAST inhibition.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1976

Endogenous Gibberellins of Pine Pollen: III. Conversion of 1,2-[H]GA(4) to Gibberellins A(1) and A(34) in Germinating Pollen of Pinus attenuata Lemm.

Gibberellins A(1) and A(34) (possibly A(2)) were found as products of metabolism of 1,2-[(3)H]GA(4) during germination of Pinus attenuata pollen. The conversion from GA(4) to GA(1) and GA(34) occurred as hydroxylations at atoms C-13 and C-2 of the ent-gibberellane skeleton, respectively. Percentage interconversion of the GA(4) absorbed was in the range of 0.15 to 0.43% for GA(1) and 1.54 to 3.22% for GA(34). Identifications were made on a gas-liquid chromatograph with radioactive monitoring by comparison with standards.

Journal Article↗
PubMedDate not supplied

T and B lymphocytes in respiratory pollen allergies (bronchial pollen asthma and allergic rhinitis).

The T and B lymphocytes were identified by means of the rosette tests in the peripheral blood of 79 patients with respiratory allergies of whom 41 with allergic rhinitis and 38 with bronchial pollen asthma, as well as in 16 control subjects. The results have shown a clear lessening of the T cells (both in per cent and absolute values) and a less significant decrease of the B cells (only in absolute values) in the patients as compared with the controls. These data suggest an immune deficiency which did not differ between the two groups of patients and was not influenced by the specific hyposensitizing treatment.

Adolescent↗