Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Pitch Discrimination”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 325 records · Page 18Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

The dominance region and ripple noise pitch: a test of the peripheral weighting model.

An estimate of the spatial curve of pitch dominance for the repetition pitch of ripple noise was measured using the pitch strength discrimination procedure. A variety of stimulus conditions were examined. The peripheral weighting model [Yost and Hill, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 66, 400-410 (1979)] of repetition pitch assumes a relationship between the curve of pitch dominance and the shape of the psychophysical suppression of unmasking function. Ripple noise was also used to estimate the psychophysical suppression or unmasking function. The results indicate that with the estimates of the psychophysical suppression or unmasking function the peripheral weighting model can account for the general shape of the curve of pitch dominance.

Auditory Threshold↗
PubMed1983

Frequency resolution and discrimination of constant and dynamic tones in normal and hearing-impaired listeners.

Frequency resolution and three tasks of frequency discrimination were measured at 500 and 4000 Hz in 12 normal and 12 hearing-impaired listeners. A three-interval, two-alternative forced-choice procedure was used. Frequency resolution was measured with an abbreviated psychoacoustical tuning curve. Frequency discrimination was measured for (1) a fixed-frequency standard and target, (2) a fixed-frequency standard and a frequency-transition target, and (3) frequency-transition standard and a frequency-transition target. The 50-ms frequency transitions had the same final frequency as the standards, but the initial frequency was lowered to obtain about 79% discrimination performance. There was a strong relationship between poor frequency resolution and elevated pure-tone thresholds, but only a very weak relationship between poor frequency discrimination and elevated pure-tone thresholds. Several hearing-impaired listeners had normal discrimination performance together with pure-tone thresholds of 80-90 dB HL. A slight correlation was found between word recognition and frequency discrimination, but a detailed comparison of the phonetic errors and either the frequency-discrimination or frequency-resolution tasks failed to suggest any consistent interdependencies. These results are consistent with previous work that has suggested that frequency resolution and frequency discrimination are independent processes.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMed1992

Patient performance with two types of multiple electrode intracochlear implant.

The functional results of 9 persons implanted with the Symbion Ineraid and 8 persons implanted with the Nucleus cochlear implant with the F0, F1, F2 coding strategy are reported. All patients were postlingually totally deaf, the patients implanted with the Symbion Ineraid were all above 40 years of age, while the Nucleus patients were with one exception under 40 years of age. The CID Everyday Sentences Test, the Helen Test and the Speech Tracking Test showed that all patients improved their communication skills when sound through the implant was added to lip-reading. The patients' ability to understand without lip-reading was tested with the CID everyday sentences test, with the Helen test, with spondees, with three-choice vowels and with a consonant confusion test. These showed that all 9 Symbion Ineraid patients achieved some degree of open speech understanding. Four of the 8 Nucleus patients achieved some degree of open speech understanding. Difference limen tests for intensity and frequency indicated that 2 of the Nucleus patients who did not achieve open speech understanding probably had extensive cochlear nerve damage, while the remaining 2 Nucleus patients without open speech understanding had good frequency and intensity discrimination.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMed1996

Auditory selective attention: an fMRI investigation.

In the present experiment, 25 adult subjects discriminated speech tokens ([ba]/[da]) or made pitch judgments on tone stimuli (rising/falling) under both binaural and dichotic listening conditions. We observed that when listeners performed tasks under the dichotic conditions, during which greater demands are made on auditory selective attention, activation within the posterior (parietal) attention system and at primary processing sites in the superior temporal and inferior frontal regions was increased. The cingulate gyrus within the anterior attention system was not influenced by this manipulation. Hemispheric differences between speech and nonspeech tasks were also observed, both at Broca's Area within the inferior frontal gyrus and in the middle temporal gyrus.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Speech- and sound-segmentation in dyslexia: evidence for a multiple-level cortical impairment.

Developmental dyslexia involves deficits in the visual and auditory domains, but is primarily characterized by an inability to translate the written linguistic code to the sound structure. Recent research has shown that auditory dysfunctions in dyslexia might originate from impairments in early pre-attentive processes, which affect behavioral discrimination. Previous studies have shown that whereas dyslexic individuals are deficient in discriminating sound distinctions involving consonants or simple pitch changes, discrimination of other sound aspects, such as tone duration, is intact. We hypothesized that such contrasts that can be discriminated by dyslexic individuals when heard in isolation are difficult to identify when occurring within words or structurally similar complex sound patterns. In the current study, we addressed how segments of pseudo-words and their non-speech counterparts are processed in dyslexia. We assessed the detection of long-duration differences in segments of these stimuli and identified the brain processes that could be associated with the behavioral results. Consistent with previous studies, we found no early cortical sound-duration discrimination deficit in dyslexia. However, differences between impaired and non-impaired readers were found in the brain processes associated with sound-change recognition as well as in the behavioral performance. This suggests that even when the early, automatic, sound discrimination processes are intact in dyslexic individuals, deficits in the later, attention-dependent processes may lead to impaired perception of speech and other complex sounds.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMed1984

Stimulus duration and frequency discrimination for normal-hearing and hearing-impaired subjects.

Frequency discrimination for 500- and 2000-Hz pure tones at durations of 5, 10, 20, 50, and 200 ms was determined for 10 normal-hearing and 10 cochlear-impaired listeners. Listeners from both groups demonstrated monotonic increases in frequency difference limens as stimulus duration decreased. The functions of the hearing-impaired listeners were parallel to those of the normal-hearing listeners for stimulus durations between 10 and 200 ms, but the overall performance of the hearing-impaired group was poorer than that of the normal-hearing group. The functions of many of the cochlear-impaired subjects were less steep than normal for the shortest durations tested (between 5 and 10 ms). There appeared to be no relation between temporal integration for frequency discrimination and temporal integration for detection threshold. The results are discussed in terms of processes of temporal integration and frequency selectivity.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Infants' perception of melodies: the role of melodic contour.

Infants 8-11 months of age were exposed to repetitions of a 6-tone sequence or melody, then tested for their discrimination of transpositions of that sequence as well as other melodic transformations previously used by Massaro, Kallman, and Kelly with adults. In experiment 1, infants showed evidence of discriminating all transformations from the original melody. In Experiment 2, the task was made more difficult, and infants failed to discriminate transpositions of the original melody as well as transformations that preserved the melodic contour and approximate frequency range of the original melody. By contrast, infants showed evidence of discriminating transformations that violated the contour of the original melody or that included changes in the octaves from which component tones were drawn. This global processing strategy parallels that used by adults with atonal or unfamiliar tonal melodies.

Attention↗
PubMed1986

Rate discrimination of high-pass-filtered pulse trains.

Difference limens for trains of 30-microseconds pulses were determined for repetition rates of 50, 100, 200, 400, and 800 pulses per second under conditions of no filtering and high-pass filtering (115 dB/oct) with corner frequencies of 2.5, 5.0, 7.5, and 10 kHz. Low-pass-filtered noise was mixed with the trains of impulses to preclude discrimination on the basis of potential low-frequency signal components. Measures were obtained from four trained listeners at a signal level of 30 dB SL relative to individually determined thresholds for each filter condition and repetition rate. The data support the hypothesis that resolution of pulse-train repetition rate involves both temporal- and frequency-based processes--the latter becoming ineffective when frequency resolution of the ear is insufficient to resolve separate harmonics of the signal. Inter- and intra-individual differences are interpreted as reflecting frequency resolution capacity.

Auditory Threshold↗
PubMed2003

Cross-modal interactions in auditory and visual discrimination.

Three experiments examined auditory-visual interactions using two sensory discrimination paradigms. Experiments 1 and 2 used a one-interval confidence-rating procedure and found modest effects of concurrent visual stimulation on auditory pitch and loudness discrimination, but little effect of auditory stimulation on visual brightness discrimination. The cross-modal interactions could have either a sensory or decisional basis. Experiment 3 used a two-interval same-different procedure and found no effect of visual stimulation on auditory sensitivity in pitch discrimination, and very little effect of auditory stimulation on visual sensitivity in brightness discrimination. Although the ensemble of results could be explained by sensory facilitation and/or inhibition that varies with the behavioral task, the pattern of these and related findings suggests instead that the cross-modal interactions result primarily from relatively late decisional processes (e.g. shifts in response criterion or 'bias').

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effects of information processing demands on slow negative shift latencies and N100 amplitude in selective and divided attention.

The influence of information processing demands on auditory event-related potentials (ERPs) in selective and divided attention was examined by varying the stimulation rate and target difficulty in a two-channel discrimination task. Subjects were required to detect targets in either one or both ears (channels) in a series of tones presented randomly to both ears. The amplitude of the N100 component (latency 80-140 msec) of the ERP to all stimuli in an attended channel was greater if attention was focused on that channel that if it was directed to the opposite channel. N100 amplitude was also reduced in divided attention compared to focused attention. In general, these effects were obtained only if the stimulation rate was high and/or targets were difficult to detect. However, these effects of attention modulated an underlying slow negative shift (SNS) rather than N100 directly. The onset and peak latencies of the SNS were strongly dependent on the processing demands of the task. The results show that the temporal relationship of the SNS to the N100 component is the principal factor responsible for variations in the effects of attention on the ERP with changes in information processing demands. The relationship between these ERP components and resource allocation theories of attention is discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

The effects of morphine and scopolamine on auditory discrimination in squirrel monkeys.

In squirrel monkeys trained to discriminate between two tones, morphine consistently increased the percent of response failures during tone periods; however, it had no consistent effect on the percent correct responses. In contrast, scopolamine decreased percent correct responses as well as increasing percent response failures in two monkeys not required to respond to produce the tone periods. In the two monkeys required to initiate tone periods by responding, high doses of scopolamine reduced the number of tones presented.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

Auditory stream segregation in Japanese monkeys.

Japanese monkeys were examined to determine whether they perceptually segregate tone sequences. Monkeys were required to discriminate two sequences of tones (target sequences) differing in frequency contours. Distractor sequences were presented simultaneously with the target sequences. Monkeys could discriminate the sequences when the frequency ranges of the target and distractor sequences did not overlap, but they could not when the ranges overlapped. Subsequent probe tests confirmed that the discrimination depended on cues other than the local pitch of the component tones regardless of the presence of the distractor sequence. The results suggest that monkeys segregate tone sequences based on frequency proximity, and they perceive global characters of the segregated streams.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Abstraction of themes from melodic variations.

A schema formation analysis was applied to listeners' abstraction of themes from melodic variations. A set of transformations of a prototypical melody was generated by systematic application of five transformational rules. The prototype represented the structural central tendency of the set. In Experiment 1 participants listened to the transformations and were tested for abstraction of the prototype in two ways; (a) they were asked to draw the melodic contour of 10 notes best describing the central tendency of the set of transformations, and (b) they were given a false recognition task in which they were asked to recognize the prototype and other transformations, none of which were in the original set, in a procedure analogous to that used by Franks and Bransford (1971). Both measures indicated that participants abstracted the prototype while listening to the original set of transformations. Experiment 2 replicated these findings with participants fully informed about the purpose and design of the experiment, a different task for recognizing the prototype (judging the similarity of transformations to the abstracted prototype), and a different prototype. In Experiment 3 participants who listened to the prototype produced data on the contour drawing and recognition tasks that were indistinguishable from those produced by participants who abstracted the theme from its variations.

Auditory Perception↗
PubMed1986

Brain stem reticular formation neuronal correlates of stimulus significance and behavior during discriminative avoidance conditioning in rabbits.

Multiple-unit activity in the reticular formation of the midbrain and pons was recorded in rabbits during discriminative conditioning of locomotor (wheel-running) avoidance behavior. The conditional stimuli (CS+ and CS-) were pure tones of different auditory frequency, and the unconditional stimulus (US) was a constant-current footshock (1.5-2.5 mA) delivered through the grid floor of the wheel. The pontine, but not the midbrain, sites manifested development during behavioral acquisition, of brief-latency (10-40-ms) discriminative neuronal discharges (i.e., greater discharges to the CS+ than to the CS-). The greatest magnitude of the discriminative discharges in the rostral pontine loci occurred in the first conditioning session. The discriminative response in the caudal loci developed more slowly, and it persisted to the criterial stage of training. Both rostral and caudal pontine loci, during the interval from CS onset to US onset, manifested a progressive build-up of neuronal firing in anticipation of the behavioral response. The occurrence in the rostral and caudal pontine areas, respectively, of early- and late-developing discriminative discharges is analogous to effects observed in past studies in the limbic mesocortical and thalamic systems. These findings provide a basis for establishing the possible functional relatedness or independence of these analogous effects.

Animals↗