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Results for “PROGNATHISM”

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At least 325 records · Page 18Linked to original sources
PubMed2003

Magnetic resonance imaging assessment of positional relationship between the disk and condyle in asymptomatic young adult mandibular prognathism.

The aim of this study was to clarify disk position relative to the condyle and condylar position relative to the glenoid fossa in clinically asymptomatic and orthodontically untreated young adult Class III patients by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In addition, the relationship between skeletal Class III morphology and positional changes of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) components were investigated. The material consisted of 34 bilateral sagittal oblique TMJ MR images (MRIs) and lateral cephalometric radiographs taken in a closed mouth position. The mean age of the patients was 20.71 +/- 0.82 years (range 16-29 years). Only clinically symptom-free subjects were included in this study. Measurements made on the MRIs and lateral cephalographs were used to calculate means and minimum and maximum values. The right and left TMJ variables were compared with the Student's t-test. Correlation coefficients between bilateral TMJ variables and skeletal variables were calculated. In the right TMJ, the disk was positioned anteriorly and the condyle was positioned posteriorly, whereas the left TMJ was normal. A negative correlation existed between the vertical skeletal morphology and the anterior joint space of the TMJ. A positive correlation was found between the left disk position and the vertical skeletal morphology because of the differentiation of the condylar head angle in each side. As a result, clinically asymptomatic Class III patients may be candidates for TMJ derangements. For this reason, clinical and visual examinations should be performed simultaneously to eliminate diagnostic errors before orthognathic treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

Condylar and temporomandibular joint disc positions after mandibular osteotomy for prognathism.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to compare the changes in temporomandibular joint (TMJ) morphology and clinical symptoms after sagittal split ramus osteotomy (SSRO) and intraoral vertical ramus osteotomy (IVRO) with and without a Le Fort I osteotomy. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Of 43 patients with a diagnosed jaw deformity, 20 underwent IVRO without internal fixation and 23 underwent SSRO with rigid internal fixation. Some operations were performed in combination with a Le Fort I osteotomy. The TMJ symptoms and joint morphology, including the disc position, were assessed preoperatively and postoperatively using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and axial cephalography. RESULTS: A significant difference in the direction of condylar rotation was seen in horizontal axial cephalography images (P <.01). Fewer or no TMJ symptoms were reported postoperatively by 88% of the patients who underwent IVRO with or without a Le Fort I osteotomy and by 66.7% of patients who underwent SSRO with or without a Le Fort I osteotomy. In sagittal images, no change was seen in anterior disc displacement after SSRO; however, improvement was seen in 44.4% of patients with anterior disc displacement who underwent IVRO with or without a Le Fort I osteotomy. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that SSRO does not improve anterior disc displacement; IVRO improves anterior disc displacement in the initial postsurgical period, and both procedures may improve TMJ symptoms.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

Computed tomography morphology of the mandibular ramus in prognathism: effect on the medial osteotomy of the sagittal split ramus osteotomy.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the distribution of cancellous bone relative to performance of the medial osteotomy of a sagittal split ramus osteotomy using computed tomography scanning. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Skeletal Class III patients consisted of 11 males and 22 females with a mean age of 23 years. The control patients without dentofacial deformity consisted of 10 males and 20 females with a mean age of 25 years. Scans were taken parallel to the mandibular occlusal plane, and morphologic measurements, including distribution of cancellous bone, were obtained. RESULTS: Compared with the control patients, the mandibular ramus of Class III patients was thinner with a more complicated and varied cancellous bone pattern, such as separate regions of cancellous bone and lack of cancellous bone posterior and anterior to the mandibular foramen. CONCLUSIONS: It was apparent that the safest region in which to establish the medial osteotomy line was just superior and 5 to 6 mm posterior to the lingula, directing the line slightly inferior.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Dental and skeletal changes following sagittal split osteotomy for correction of mandibular prognathism.

Skeletal and dental changes were examined in 15 patients presenting with a Class III malocclusion treated by a sagittal split osteotomy. All patients received orthodontic treatment with Straightwire appliances both prior to and following surgery. These appliances were also used for fixation. The lower incisors were proclined by 8.4 degrees before surgery with little change in upper incisor inclination. With surgery, there was a mean reduction of 4.3 degrees in the angle SNB. Following surgery, the relapse in mandibular position was minimal and was not related to the dental changes during this period. Changes in the vertical skeletal parameters were generally small. The individual cases exhibited a wide variation in the changes.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Clinical evaluation of maxillary and mandibular prognathism.

This study focuses on the importance of using natural head posture as a basis for cephalometric analysis. It describes a simple method for transferring a vertical plumbline from a lateral head photograph to a profile radiograph. The method is shown to have a relatively small technical error. Means and standard deviations for the angles HOR/N-A and HOR/N-B between the horizontal line (HOR) on one side and the nasion-subspinale (A-point) and nasion-supramentale (B-point) lines on the other, in random individuals, are presented as standards from which individual cases can be evaluated.

Adolescent↗