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At least 325 records · Page 18Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Comparison of measures of frequency resolution and recruitment in patients undergoing neuro-otological investigation.

Loudness recruitment and reduced frequency resolution both occur in cochlear types of hearing loss. One theory of loudness recruitment suggests that, as intensity is coded partly by spread of excitation across the nerve fibre array, recruitment is a direct consequence of the broad spread of excitation associated with poor frequency resolution. The present study investigated the relationship between these two quantities. The study involved a simple measure of frequency resolution (three-point psychoacoustical tuning curve, PTC) and conventional measures of recruitment obtained from patients undergoing neuro-otological investigation. Results from 376 ears of 226 patients without any material conductive impairment are presented. Measures of recruitment included the alternate binaural loudness balance test (ABLB) and estimates of dynamic range given by the sensation levels of the uncomfortable loudness level and the acoustic reflex threshold. Once covariation with hearing threshold level had been accounted for, no clear relationship emerged between frequency resolution and any of the measures of recruitment. This finding does not support the notion that frequency resolution and recruitment are specifically related. Rather, PTCs provide information complementary to measures of recruitment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Neuro-otology.

The physiology of the vestibulo-ocular reflex, and in particular vestibular compensation, optokinetic nystagmus and after-nystagmus, and visuo-vestibular interaction, is reviewed. Also covered are advances in neuro-otological examination and reports on peripheral labyrinthine disorders and cases of central vestibular disorders that are used as clinical models for improving our understanding of brainstem circuitry involved in ocular motor control.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

[A case of superficial siderosis of the central nervous system--findings of the neuro-otological tests and evoked potentials].

We report a 57-year-old woman with superficial siderosis of the central nervous system. On physical examination, sensorineural hearing impairment, cerebellar ataxia, pyramidal tract signs, dysarthria, and neurogenic bladder were seen. Brain and spinal cord MRI (T2 and proton weighted images) revealed cerebellar atrophy and marginal hypointensity of the Sylvian fissure and brain stem, cerebellum and spinal cord. We diagnosed this patient as superficial siderosis because of the clinical course and specific findings on MRI. We consider this case idiopathic superficial siderosis because the source of the bleeding was unknown. Neuro-otological tests and BAEP disclosed retrocochlear deafness. Her central motor conduction time on MEP was delayed. We discussed the pathogenic mechanism of these conditions, and we concluded that we must take notice of myelinopathy in superficial siderosis and that MEP was useful for detecting them.

Audiometry, Evoked Response↗
PubMed1999

New method for packing the external auditory canal, middle ear space, and mastoid cavities after otologic surgery.

Since its introduction in 1945, an absorbable gelatin sponge, Gelfoam, has long been a staple used for packing in otologic surgery. The present method commonly employed at the University of Manitoba teaching hospitals requires that operating room nurses carefully prepare extremely small pieces of both compressed and noncompressed Gelfoam. These pieces are then selectively soaked in an antibiotic solution and carefully placed, one by one, into the appropriate position. We describe a new paste preparation of Gelfoam powder, Thrombostat, acetic acid, and Bacitracin ointment, which can very quickly be injected from a syringe into the operated cavity. Our preliminary study indicates that this preparation reduces operating time, while making the process of packing easier for the surgeon. In addition, it ensures a more evenly packed cavity while still fulfilling the requirements of middle ear packing. Postoperatively, it was found to be easier to debride from the operative cavity in the office, decreasing patient discomfort and procedure time. Reported below is a preliminary clinical patient series report comparing this new method to the old method.

Acetic Acid↗
PubMed1999

[Air conduction threshold values in expanded range of frequencies (250 Hz-18 kHz) in otologically normal persons as assessment of mobility hearing organ in presbycusis].

High-frequency hearing loss is most significant for the organ of hearing aging. Air conduction threshold measurements were taken in 4 groups (aged 31-40, 41-50, 51-60, 61-70 years) of otologically normal persons in expanded range of frequencies (250-18,000 Hz). The threshold of air conduction increase parallel to age and to pure tone frequency was stated.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Treatment of missing values with imputation for the analysis of otologic data.

Usefulness of imputation in the treatment of missing values in an otologic database was studied. Missing values were filled in with means (ME), regression (LR) and Expectation-Maximization (EM) imputation methods. A random imputation method (RA) provided baseline results. ME, LR and EM methods agreed on 41-42% of the imputed missing values. The level of agreement between these and RA method was 20-22%. Despite the moderate agreement, discriminant functions were similar and accurate (prediction accuracy 83-99%) for each diagnosis. A lot of data were missing in otoneurotologic tests which have less weight in the diagnosis of vertiginous patients. Consequently, the disagreement of the methods did not affect discriminant analysis. Inputation seems to be a useful method to treat missing data in this database, but future research requires more complete data and advanced imputation methods.

Data Collection↗
PubMed2000

[Professional education of Polish physicians in otologic centers of Vienna in the 19th century].

The foundations of the modern otology in Vienna created Adam Politzer, Joseph Gruber, Victor Urbantschitsch. The professional and scientific achievements of Joseph Gruber and Victor Urbantschitsch are described briefly. Gruber was one of two heads of otiatric clinic in Vienna. Urbantschitsch was an authority of psychophysiology of hearing. Such well-known otologists in Vienna as Gustav Alexander, Robert Bárány, Beniamin Gomperz, Erich Ruttin and others were a good teachers of many foreign physicians also from Polish territories. Robert Bárány was a Nobel prize winner.

Austria↗
PubMed2000

The otologic manifestations of barotrauma.

Barotrauma is defined as an injury due to pressure differences between atmospheric and intratympanic pressures. Human beings are well suited to operate within an environment involving small alterations in atmospheric pressure. Man's persistence in operating outside this environment leads to exposure to large pressure differentials with resulting trauma. External, middle, and inner ear structures can all be injured due to alterations in pressure. The increase in popularity of sport diving and aviation travel has led to an increase in the number of otologic injuries caused by barotrauma. The physics, pathophysiology, symptoms, and treatment of barotrauma are presented.

Atmospheric Pressure↗
PubMed2002

Congenital absence of the incus bilaterally without other otologic anomalies: a new case report.

We describe only the third reported case of congenital, bilaterally absent includes that were not accompanied by another otologic abnormality. This condition was detected in a 3-year-old boy who was being evaluated for a hearing impairment and speech and language delay. The patient was treated with partial ossicular replacement prostheses, which resulted in an improvement in his hearing.

Acoustic Impedance Tests↗
PubMed2002

[Descriptive epidemiological study of a year-long otologic consultation in a tertiary hospital].

Despite the spreading of Otologic care Units it is surprising the lack of comprehensive epidemiologic descriptions of patients attended in these Departments. A greater efficacy would be the result of better protocols designs and consequently a much better sanitary behaviour. We make a register of protocols and several aspects epidemiologic and diagnostical of our first consultations in the Unit during 1998. Were studied 595 cases, 320 women and 275 men, middle age was 49.91 years. From each one was controlled and analyzed the age, the sex, where they come from under the sanitary view-point, consult reason and diagnosis achieved.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

[Otologic manifestations of the pain dysfunction syndrome of the stomatognathic system].

Phylogenesis, ontogenesis and anatomy explain the close relationship between temporo-mandibular joint and the middle ear and can therefore help understanding otologic symptoms such as: otalgia which often correspond to articular and muscular pain irradiation (coming from sterno-cleido-mastoid, lateral and medial pterygoid, deep layer of the masseter and temporal muscles); acouphens and ear block sensation that could be caused by a spasm extension of the manducatory (i.e. medial pterygoid) to levator and tympani tensors. These three muscles, which originate from the first branchial arch, have a proprioceptive sensitivity and share the same innervation. What is more tensor and levator veli exchange certain muscular fibers. Tensor tympani spasm can be held responsible both for a decrease or abolition of the Klockhoff's reflex, together with a decrease of the stapedian reflex, the latter due to tympani rigidity induced by a spasm of the tensor tympani.

Ear Diseases↗
PubMed1977

[Ichthyosis hystrix gravior typus Rheydt: an otologic-dermatologic syndrome (author's transl)].

A case of congenital ichthyosis hystrix gravior combined with non-progressive inner ear hearing loss bordering on deafness is reported. None of the syndromes of keratinization disturbances combined with hearing loss of the inner ear known up to now is comparable. The patient was examined by the dermatologic and otorhino-laryngologic clinics. The findings were presented at the "Südwestdeutschen Dermatologen-Kongress in Heidelberg 1976". Particular otologic findings were a non-progressive inner ear hearing loss bordering on deafness, a fungus-covered cell detritus in the cartilaginous part of the external ear canal, and hyperkeratosis of the auricula. Specific dermatologic findings were skin hyperkeratoses most prominent on face and extremities. In it's ultrastructure, this type is basically different from all other types of inherited ichthyoses that have been studied by electron microscopy. Combined with a lack of normal tonofilaments, an unusual synthesis of large amounts of mucous granules is present under the large spines that is not normally found in healthy skin. No other members of the family are affected.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

[Otologic manifestations of Wegener's disease].

Two cases of otologic involvement in Wegener's granulomatosis are reported. Symptoms are referable to those of an acute otitis media with impaired hearing. The ANCA test is helpful in the diagnosis. Immunosuppressive therapy in association with corticosteroids is the treatment of choice.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed1992

Office pediatric otology.

Office pediatric otology requires the management of some of the most common acute and chronic conditions of childhood. Some of these conditions include eustachian tube dysfunction, otorrhea, granulation polyps, extruded tubes, otitis media, trauma, otalgia, and sudden hearing loss. An approach that recognizes the concerns of the child and parent facilitates the examination and treatment with minimal discomfort.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1992

Contemporary skin grafting in otologic surgery.

In the post-operative healing phase following external auditory canalplasty or open cavity mastoidectomy, problematic epithelialization of surfaces may ensue. Exposed surfaces or surface epithelialized with tissues other than skin may predispose to secondary infection and result in recurrent otorrhea. Split-thickness skin grafts can be useful in promoting healing of exposed canal and mastoid cavity surfaces. Our experience and methodology for harvesting and placing these grafts are reviewed. The indications, management, and complications of split-thickness otologic skin grafting will be presented.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Calcium phosphates in otologic surgery. III. The role of fibrin glue in the integration of calcium phosphate implants. Experimental study].

Obliteration of the mastoid cavity has been realized with calcium phosphates associated to heterologous fibrin glue in otologic surgery. 22 artificially created epitympanic and 65 femoral defects in 22 rabbits were closed by means of dense or porous granulates of hydroxyapatite with homologous fibrin glue. Follow-up was for three weeks to 6 months. Osteo-integration of the implants was significantly delayed in the first weeks, comparing the integration of the same phosphates without fibrin glue.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

[Otologic signs and symptoms as first manifestations of Wegener's granulomatosis with very severe clinical course--review of the literature and case report].

A case of Wegener's granulomatosis in female aged 47 is described. Otological symptoms and signs connected with middle ear inflammation and masked mastoiditis about two months outstriped other signs particular from lower respiratory tract. The patient was surgically treated--antromastoidectomy was performed. After few days rapid worsening of patient's general state followed with hectic fever and inflammatory pulmonary changes. The patient was next treated in the Clinic of Pulmonary Diseases and Tuberculosis where the diagnosis of Wegener's granulomatosis was established on the basis of immunological findings (antibodies c-ANCA and PR3). The patient is treated from 9 months with cyclophosphamide and prednisone with improvement. The inability of ENT-surgeon in proper diagnosis and treatment in initial stage of the disease is stressed.

Diagnosis, Differential↗